See pęstь in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "cu",
"roman": "pęstĭ",
"word": "пѧсть"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "pjascʹ",
"word": "пясць"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "zapjástʹje",
"word": "запя́стье"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "pjastʹ",
"word": "пясть"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "zapʺjástja",
"word": "зап'я́стя"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "pʺjástok",
"word": "п'я́сток"
}
],
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "pʺjastʹ",
"word": "п'ясть"
}
],
"lang": "East Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "pestník",
"word": "пестни́к"
},
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "pesník",
"word": "песни́к"
}
],
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg"
},
{
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "пе̏ст"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "pèsnica"
},
{
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "пѐсница"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"word": "pȅst"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh"
},
{
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"word": "pest"
}
],
"lang": "South Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "pěst"
}
],
"lang": "Old Czech",
"lang_code": "zlw-ocs",
"word": "pěst"
},
{
"lang": "Kashubian",
"lang_code": "csb",
"word": "pisc"
},
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "pięść"
},
{
"lang": "Polabian",
"lang_code": "pox",
"word": "pąst"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"word": "päsť"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"word": "pěsć"
},
{
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"lang_code": "hsb",
"word": "pjasć"
}
],
"lang": "Sorbian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "West Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*penkstis"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *penkstis",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*pn̥kʷstis"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pn̥kʷstis",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pewǵ-",
"4": "",
"5": "punch"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pewǵ- (“punch”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "kumštis"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian kumštis",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*fūsti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *fūsti",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably from Proto-Balto-Slavic *penkstis, from Proto-Indo-European *pn̥kʷstis, from Proto-Indo-European *pewǵ- (“punch”). Cognate with Lithuanian kumštis (with metathesis and loss of *p) and Proto-West Germanic *fūsti.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pę̑stь",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pęstь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pęsti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "pęsti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pęsti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pęstьju",
"roman": "pęsťu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "pęstьjь",
"roman": "pęsti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pęsti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pęstьma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "pęstьmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pęstь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pęsti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "pęsti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pęstьjǫ",
"roman": "pęsťǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pęstьma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "pęstьmi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pęsti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pęstьju",
"roman": "pęsťu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "pęstьxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pęsti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "pęsti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "pęsti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "f"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/pęstь",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"fist"
],
"id": "en-pęstь-sla-pro-noun-kfSVmKw6",
"links": [
[
"fist",
"fist"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "pęstь"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "cu",
"roman": "pęstĭ",
"word": "пѧсть"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "pjascʹ",
"word": "пясць"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "zapjástʹje",
"word": "запя́стье"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "pjastʹ",
"word": "пясть"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "zapʺjástja",
"word": "зап'я́стя"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "pʺjástok",
"word": "п'я́сток"
}
],
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "pʺjastʹ",
"word": "п'ясть"
}
],
"lang": "East Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "pestník",
"word": "пестни́к"
},
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "pesník",
"word": "песни́к"
}
],
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg"
},
{
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "пе̏ст"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "pèsnica"
},
{
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "пѐсница"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"word": "pȅst"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh"
},
{
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"word": "pest"
}
],
"lang": "South Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "pěst"
}
],
"lang": "Old Czech",
"lang_code": "zlw-ocs",
"word": "pěst"
},
{
"lang": "Kashubian",
"lang_code": "csb",
"word": "pisc"
},
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "pięść"
},
{
"lang": "Polabian",
"lang_code": "pox",
"word": "pąst"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"word": "päsť"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"word": "pěsć"
},
{
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"lang_code": "hsb",
"word": "pjasć"
}
],
"lang": "Sorbian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "West Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*penkstis"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *penkstis",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*pn̥kʷstis"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pn̥kʷstis",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pewǵ-",
"4": "",
"5": "punch"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pewǵ- (“punch”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "kumštis"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian kumštis",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*fūsti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *fūsti",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably from Proto-Balto-Slavic *penkstis, from Proto-Indo-European *pn̥kʷstis, from Proto-Indo-European *pewǵ- (“punch”). Cognate with Lithuanian kumštis (with metathesis and loss of *p) and Proto-West Germanic *fūsti.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pę̑stь",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pęstь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pęsti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "pęsti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pęsti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pęstьju",
"roman": "pęsťu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "pęstьjь",
"roman": "pęsti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pęsti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pęstьma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "pęstьmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pęstь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pęsti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "pęsti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pęstьjǫ",
"roman": "pęsťǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pęstьma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "pęstьmi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pęsti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pęstьju",
"roman": "pęsťu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "pęstьxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pęsti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "pęsti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "pęsti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "f"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/pęstь",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic feminine i-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic i-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"glosses": [
"fist"
],
"links": [
[
"fist",
"fist"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "pęstь"
}
Download raw JSONL data for pęstь meaning in Proto-Slavic (6.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-29 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-23 using wiktextract (ffdbfc3 and b9346a0). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.