See obuvь in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "vóbuŭ",
"word": "вобуў"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "obuvʹ",
"word": "обувь"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "obuv",
"word": "обув"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"roman": "obuvĭ",
"word": "обувь"
}
],
"lang": "East Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cyrillic",
"lang_code": "cu",
"roman": "obuvĭ",
"word": "обоувь"
},
{
"lang": "Glagolitic",
"lang_code": "cu",
"roman": "obuvĭ",
"word": "ⱁⰱⱆⰲⱐ"
}
],
"lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "cu"
},
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "obuvka",
"word": "обувка"
},
{
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"word": "obuv"
}
],
"lang": "South Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "obuv"
}
],
"lang": "Old Czech",
"lang_code": "zlw-ocs",
"word": "obuv"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "obuwie"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"word": "obów"
},
{
"lang": "Pannonian Rusyn",
"lang_code": "rsk",
"roman": "obuj",
"word": "обуй"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"word": "obuv"
}
],
"lang": "West Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*apavas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *apavas",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "āpavas",
"3": "",
"4": "footwear, shoes"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian āpavas (“footwear, shoes”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*ob",
"3": "*uti"
},
"expansion": "*ob- + *uti",
"name": "prefix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "auti",
"3": "aũti"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian aũti",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "aut",
"3": "àut"
},
"expansion": "Latvian àut",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬀𐬊𐬚𐬭𐬀",
"3": "",
"4": "shoe"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬀𐬊𐬚𐬭𐬀 (aoθra, “shoe”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "exuō",
"3": "ex-uō",
"4": "to undress, take off"
},
"expansion": "Latin ex-uō (“to undress, take off”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "ագանիմ"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian ագանիմ (aganim)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *apavas/*apavis, *apauvas/*apauvis.\n* ЭССЯ: from *obovь (influenced by *obuti, *obuvati).\n: Cognate with Lithuanian āpavas (“footwear, shoes”).\n* Vasmer: from *obuti (“to put on footwear”), from *ob- + *uti (see *jьz-uti (“to take off (footwear)”)).\n: Baltic cognates include Lithuanian aũti, aunù, aviaũ (“to wear shoes, put on shoes, to shoe”), apaũti (“to shoe”), Latvian àut, àunu (“to put on shoes”)\n: Indo-European cognates include Avestan 𐬀𐬊𐬚𐬭𐬀 (aoθra, “shoe”), Latin ex-uō (“to undress, take off”), Old Armenian ագանիմ (aganim).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "obuvь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obuvi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "obuvi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obuvi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obuvьju",
"roman": "obuvľu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "obuvьjь",
"roman": "obuvi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obuvi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obuvьma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "obuvьmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obuvь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obuvi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "obuvi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obuvьjǫ",
"roman": "obuvľǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obuvьma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "obuvьmi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obuvi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obuvьju",
"roman": "obuvľu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "obuvьxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obuvi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "obuvi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "obuvi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "*obuva",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "f"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/obuvь",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "obuvina"
},
{
"word": "obuvъka"
},
{
"word": "obuvьnъ"
}
],
"glosses": [
"footwear, shoes"
],
"id": "en-obuvь-sla-pro-noun-YiRdbV7x",
"links": [
[
"footwear",
"footwear"
],
[
"shoes",
"shoes"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "obuti*obutěljь*obutina*obutьje*obutъka"
},
{
"word": "obutъkъ"
},
{
"english": "shoes",
"translation": "shoes",
"word": "obutъky*obuťa"
},
{
"word": "obuvati*obuvadlo*obuvanьje"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "obuvь"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "obuvina"
},
{
"word": "obuvъka"
},
{
"word": "obuvьnъ"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "vóbuŭ",
"word": "вобуў"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "obuvʹ",
"word": "обувь"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "obuv",
"word": "обув"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"roman": "obuvĭ",
"word": "обувь"
}
],
"lang": "East Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cyrillic",
"lang_code": "cu",
"roman": "obuvĭ",
"word": "обоувь"
},
{
"lang": "Glagolitic",
"lang_code": "cu",
"roman": "obuvĭ",
"word": "ⱁⰱⱆⰲⱐ"
}
],
"lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "cu"
},
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "obuvka",
"word": "обувка"
},
{
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"word": "obuv"
}
],
"lang": "South Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "obuv"
}
],
"lang": "Old Czech",
"lang_code": "zlw-ocs",
"word": "obuv"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "obuwie"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"word": "obów"
},
{
"lang": "Pannonian Rusyn",
"lang_code": "rsk",
"roman": "obuj",
"word": "обуй"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"word": "obuv"
}
],
"lang": "West Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*apavas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *apavas",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "āpavas",
"3": "",
"4": "footwear, shoes"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian āpavas (“footwear, shoes”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*ob",
"3": "*uti"
},
"expansion": "*ob- + *uti",
"name": "prefix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "auti",
"3": "aũti"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian aũti",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "aut",
"3": "àut"
},
"expansion": "Latvian àut",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬀𐬊𐬚𐬭𐬀",
"3": "",
"4": "shoe"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬀𐬊𐬚𐬭𐬀 (aoθra, “shoe”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "exuō",
"3": "ex-uō",
"4": "to undress, take off"
},
"expansion": "Latin ex-uō (“to undress, take off”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "ագանիմ"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian ագանիմ (aganim)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *apavas/*apavis, *apauvas/*apauvis.\n* ЭССЯ: from *obovь (influenced by *obuti, *obuvati).\n: Cognate with Lithuanian āpavas (“footwear, shoes”).\n* Vasmer: from *obuti (“to put on footwear”), from *ob- + *uti (see *jьz-uti (“to take off (footwear)”)).\n: Baltic cognates include Lithuanian aũti, aunù, aviaũ (“to wear shoes, put on shoes, to shoe”), apaũti (“to shoe”), Latvian àut, àunu (“to put on shoes”)\n: Indo-European cognates include Avestan 𐬀𐬊𐬚𐬭𐬀 (aoθra, “shoe”), Latin ex-uō (“to undress, take off”), Old Armenian ագանիմ (aganim).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "obuvь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obuvi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "obuvi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obuvi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obuvьju",
"roman": "obuvľu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "obuvьjь",
"roman": "obuvi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obuvi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obuvьma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "obuvьmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obuvь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obuvi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "obuvi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obuvьjǫ",
"roman": "obuvľǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obuvьma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "obuvьmi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obuvi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obuvьju",
"roman": "obuvľu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "obuvьxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obuvi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "obuvi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "obuvi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "*obuva",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "f"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/obuvь",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "obuti*obutěljь*obutina*obutьje*obutъka"
},
{
"word": "obutъkъ"
},
{
"english": "shoes",
"translation": "shoes",
"word": "obutъky*obuťa"
},
{
"word": "obuvati*obuvadlo*obuvanьje"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic feminine i-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic i-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"sla-pro:Footwear"
],
"glosses": [
"footwear, shoes"
],
"links": [
[
"footwear",
"footwear"
],
[
"shoes",
"shoes"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "obuvь"
}
Download raw JSONL data for obuvь meaning in Proto-Slavic (5.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-09-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-23 using wiktextract (20da82b and a97feda). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.