See mǫka in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "му́ка"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: му́ка (múka)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: му́ка (múka)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "му́ка"
},
"expansion": "Russian: му́ка (múka)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: му́ка (múka)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "му́ка"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: му́ка (múka)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: му́ка (múka)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Cyrillic: мѫка (mǫka)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Glagolitic: ⰿⱘⰽⰰ (mǫka)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "мъ́ка",
"3": "мъ́нка"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: мъ́ка (mǎ́ka), мъ́нка (mǎ́nka)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: мъ́ка (mǎ́ka), мъ́нка (mǎ́nka) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "мака"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: мака (maka)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: мака (maka)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "му̏ка",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: му̏ка",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: му̏ка"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "mȕka",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: mȕka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: mȕka"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "múka",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: múka",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "múka"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: múka (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: múka (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "muka"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: muka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: muka, múka"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "muka"
},
"expansion": "Czech: muka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: muka"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "mãka"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: mãka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: mãka"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "męka"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: męka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: męka"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "męka"
},
"expansion": "Polish: męka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: męka"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "muka"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: muka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: muka"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Non-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "munka",
"bor": "1",
"t": "work"
},
"expansion": "→ Hungarian: munka (“work”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hungarian: munka (“work”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "muncă",
"bor": "1",
"t": "work"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: muncă (“work”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: muncă (“work”)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*múnkāˀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *múnkāˀ",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *múnkāˀ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "mǫ̀ka",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̀ka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̀cě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̀ky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̀ky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̀ku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̀kъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̀cě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̀kama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̀kamъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̀kǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̀cě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̀ky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̀kojǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̀kǭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̀kama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̀kamī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̀cě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̀ku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̀kasъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̀kaxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̀ko",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̀cě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̀ky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mǫ̀ka",
"ap": "a",
"g": "f",
"stem": "a"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/mǫka",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm a",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "mǫčivъ"
},
{
"word": "mǫčenica"
},
{
"word": "mǫčenikъ"
},
{
"word": "mǫčidlo"
},
{
"word": "mǫčiteľь"
}
],
"glosses": [
"torment, torture"
],
"id": "en-mǫka-sla-pro-noun-SyMebxDC",
"links": [
[
"torment",
"torment"
],
[
"torture",
"torture"
]
],
"related": [
{
"english": "to become soft",
"word": "mę̀knǫti"
},
{
"tags": [
"soft"
],
"word": "mę̏kъkъ"
},
{
"english": "to torture, to torment",
"word": "mǫ̀čiti"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Rick Derksen"
],
"word": "mǫka"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "мука"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: мука (muka)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: мука (muka)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ort",
"2": "мука́"
},
"expansion": "Old Ruthenian: мука́ (muká)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Ruthenian: мука́ (muká)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "мука́"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: мука́ (muká)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: мука́ (muká)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rue",
"2": "мука́"
},
"expansion": "Carpathian Rusyn: мука́ (muká)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Carpathian Rusyn: мука́ (muká)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "мука́"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: мука́ (muká)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: мука́ (muká)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "мука́"
},
"expansion": "Russian: мука́ (muká)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: мука́ (muká)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "crp-rsn",
"2": "mokka"
},
"expansion": "Russenorsk: mokka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russenorsk: mokka"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "мѫка",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: мѫка (mǫka)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Cyrillic script: мѫка (mǫka)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ⰿⱘⰽⰰ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Glagolitic script: ⰿⱘⰽⰰ (mǫka)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Glagolitic script: ⰿⱘⰽⰰ (mǫka)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "му́ка̥"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: му́ка̥ (múkḁ)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: му́ка̥ (múkḁ) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "му́ка",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: му́ка",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: му́ка; мӯка̏, мука̏ (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "múka",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: múka",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: múka; mūkȁ, mukȁ (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "mọ́ka",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: mọ́ka",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mọ́ka"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: mọ́ka (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: mọ́ka (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "múka"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: múka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: múka"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "mouka"
},
"expansion": "Czech: mouka",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Czech: mouka; múka (obsolete)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "mąka"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: mąka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: mąka"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pox",
"2": "mǫkă"
},
"expansion": "Polabian: mǫkă",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polabian: mǫkă"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "mąka"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: mąka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: mąka"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "mąka"
},
"expansion": "Polish: mąka",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Polish: mąka; mǫka, můŋka (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "múka"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: múka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: múka"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-slv",
"2": "mõka"
},
"expansion": "Slovincian: mõka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovincian: mõka"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "muka"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: muka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: muka"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "muka"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: muka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: muka"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*mh₂ǵyéti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *mh₂ǵyéti",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*meh₂ǵ-",
"4": "*meh₂ǵ-, *meh₂ḱ-",
"5": "to knead"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *meh₂ǵ-, *meh₂ḱ- (“to knead”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "मचते"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit मचते (macate)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "mācerō"
},
"expansion": "Latin mācerō",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*makōn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *makōn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "make"
},
"expansion": "English make",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably from Proto-Indo-European *mh₂ǵyéti, from Proto-Indo-European *meh₂ǵ-, *meh₂ḱ- (“to knead”), see also Sanskrit मचते (macate), Latin mācerō, and Proto-West Germanic *makōn, English make.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "mǭkà",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "b",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "mǭkà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̃cě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "mǭkỳ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mǭkỳ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǭkù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̃kъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mǭcě̀",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǭkàma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "mǭkàmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mǭkǫ̀",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̃cě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "mǭkỳ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mǭkòjǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̃kǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǭkàma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "mǭkàmī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mǭcě̀",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǭkù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "mǭkàsъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mǭkàxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫko",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̃cě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "mǭkỳ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mǭkà",
"ap": "b",
"g": "f",
"stem": "a"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/mǫka",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "43 57",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 78",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 79",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 66",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "mǫčanъ"
},
{
"word": "mǫčistъ"
},
{
"word": "mǫčьnatъ"
},
{
"word": "mǫčьnъ"
},
{
"word": "mǫčica"
},
{
"word": "mǫčina"
},
{
"word": "mǫčьka"
},
{
"word": "mǫčьnica"
},
{
"word": "mǫčьnikъ"
},
{
"word": "mǫčiti"
}
],
"glosses": [
"flour"
],
"id": "en-mǫka-sla-pro-noun-9V-Xz6Dd",
"links": [
[
"flour",
"flour"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*bȏršьno"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Rick Derksen"
],
"word": "mǫka"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm a",
"Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "mǫčivъ"
},
{
"word": "mǫčenica"
},
{
"word": "mǫčenikъ"
},
{
"word": "mǫčidlo"
},
{
"word": "mǫčiteľь"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "му́ка"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: му́ка (múka)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: му́ка (múka)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "му́ка"
},
"expansion": "Russian: му́ка (múka)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: му́ка (múka)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "му́ка"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: му́ка (múka)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: му́ка (múka)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Cyrillic: мѫка (mǫka)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Glagolitic: ⰿⱘⰽⰰ (mǫka)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "мъ́ка",
"3": "мъ́нка"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: мъ́ка (mǎ́ka), мъ́нка (mǎ́nka)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: мъ́ка (mǎ́ka), мъ́нка (mǎ́nka) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "мака"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: мака (maka)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: мака (maka)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "му̏ка",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: му̏ка",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: му̏ка"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "mȕka",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: mȕka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: mȕka"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "múka",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: múka",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "múka"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: múka (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: múka (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "muka"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: muka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: muka, múka"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "muka"
},
"expansion": "Czech: muka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: muka"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "mãka"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: mãka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: mãka"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "męka"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: męka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: męka"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "męka"
},
"expansion": "Polish: męka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: męka"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "muka"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: muka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: muka"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Non-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "munka",
"bor": "1",
"t": "work"
},
"expansion": "→ Hungarian: munka (“work”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hungarian: munka (“work”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "muncă",
"bor": "1",
"t": "work"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: muncă (“work”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: muncă (“work”)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*múnkāˀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *múnkāˀ",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *múnkāˀ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "mǫ̀ka",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̀ka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̀cě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̀ky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̀ky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̀ku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̀kъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̀cě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̀kama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̀kamъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̀kǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̀cě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̀ky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̀kojǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̀kǭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̀kama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̀kamī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̀cě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̀ku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̀kasъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̀kaxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̀ko",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̀cě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̀ky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mǫ̀ka",
"ap": "a",
"g": "f",
"stem": "a"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/mǫka",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "to become soft",
"word": "mę̀knǫti"
},
{
"tags": [
"soft"
],
"word": "mę̏kъkъ"
},
{
"english": "to torture, to torment",
"word": "mǫ̀čiti"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"torment, torture"
],
"links": [
[
"torment",
"torment"
],
[
"torture",
"torture"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Rick Derksen"
],
"word": "mǫka"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "mǫčanъ"
},
{
"word": "mǫčistъ"
},
{
"word": "mǫčьnatъ"
},
{
"word": "mǫčьnъ"
},
{
"word": "mǫčica"
},
{
"word": "mǫčina"
},
{
"word": "mǫčьka"
},
{
"word": "mǫčьnica"
},
{
"word": "mǫčьnikъ"
},
{
"word": "mǫčiti"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "мука"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: мука (muka)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: мука (muka)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ort",
"2": "мука́"
},
"expansion": "Old Ruthenian: мука́ (muká)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Ruthenian: мука́ (muká)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "мука́"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: мука́ (muká)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: мука́ (muká)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rue",
"2": "мука́"
},
"expansion": "Carpathian Rusyn: мука́ (muká)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Carpathian Rusyn: мука́ (muká)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "мука́"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: мука́ (muká)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: мука́ (muká)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "мука́"
},
"expansion": "Russian: мука́ (muká)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: мука́ (muká)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "crp-rsn",
"2": "mokka"
},
"expansion": "Russenorsk: mokka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russenorsk: mokka"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "мѫка",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: мѫка (mǫka)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Cyrillic script: мѫка (mǫka)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ⰿⱘⰽⰰ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Glagolitic script: ⰿⱘⰽⰰ (mǫka)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Glagolitic script: ⰿⱘⰽⰰ (mǫka)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "му́ка̥"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: му́ка̥ (múkḁ)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: му́ка̥ (múkḁ) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "му́ка",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: му́ка",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: му́ка; мӯка̏, мука̏ (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "múka",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: múka",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: múka; mūkȁ, mukȁ (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "mọ́ka",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: mọ́ka",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mọ́ka"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: mọ́ka (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: mọ́ka (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "múka"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: múka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: múka"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "mouka"
},
"expansion": "Czech: mouka",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Czech: mouka; múka (obsolete)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "mąka"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: mąka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: mąka"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pox",
"2": "mǫkă"
},
"expansion": "Polabian: mǫkă",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polabian: mǫkă"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "mąka"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: mąka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: mąka"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "mąka"
},
"expansion": "Polish: mąka",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Polish: mąka; mǫka, můŋka (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "múka"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: múka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: múka"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-slv",
"2": "mõka"
},
"expansion": "Slovincian: mõka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovincian: mõka"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "muka"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: muka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: muka"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "muka"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: muka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: muka"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*mh₂ǵyéti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *mh₂ǵyéti",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*meh₂ǵ-",
"4": "*meh₂ǵ-, *meh₂ḱ-",
"5": "to knead"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *meh₂ǵ-, *meh₂ḱ- (“to knead”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "मचते"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit मचते (macate)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "mācerō"
},
"expansion": "Latin mācerō",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*makōn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *makōn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "make"
},
"expansion": "English make",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably from Proto-Indo-European *mh₂ǵyéti, from Proto-Indo-European *meh₂ǵ-, *meh₂ḱ- (“to knead”), see also Sanskrit मचते (macate), Latin mācerō, and Proto-West Germanic *makōn, English make.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "mǭkà",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "b",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "mǭkà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̃cě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "mǭkỳ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mǭkỳ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǭkù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̃kъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mǭcě̀",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǭkàma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "mǭkàmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mǭkǫ̀",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̃cě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "mǭkỳ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mǭkòjǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̃kǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǭkàma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "mǭkàmī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mǭcě̀",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǭkù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "mǭkàsъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mǭkàxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫko",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ̃cě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "mǭkỳ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mǭkà",
"ap": "b",
"g": "f",
"stem": "a"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/mǫka",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"sla-pro:Food and drink"
],
"glosses": [
"flour"
],
"links": [
[
"flour",
"flour"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*bȏršьno"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Rick Derksen"
],
"word": "mǫka"
}
Download raw JSONL data for mǫka meaning in Proto-Slavic (15.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.