See mǫdo in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "múdo",
"word": "му́до"
}
],
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"roman": "mudo",
"word": "мудо"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "mudó",
"word": "мудо́"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"roman": "mǫdo",
"word": "мѫдо"
}
],
"lang": "East Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "mǎdó",
"word": "мъдо́"
},
{
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "made",
"word": "маде"
}
],
"lang": "Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "cu",
"roman": "mǫdo",
"word": "мѫдо"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "му́до"
},
{
"lang": "Latin script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "múdo"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh"
}
],
"lang": "South Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "moud"
}
],
"lang": "Old Czech",
"lang_code": "zlw-ocs",
"word": "múdo"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "moud"
}
],
"lang": "Old Czech",
"lang_code": "zlw-ocs",
"word": "múd"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "mądа"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"word": "mądo"
},
{
"lang": "Old Slovak",
"lang_code": "zlw-osk",
"word": "múď"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"word": "mud"
},
{
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"lang_code": "hsb",
"word": "mudo"
}
],
"lang": "Sorbian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "West Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "mentula"
},
"expansion": "Latin mentula",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*men-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *men-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "मण्ड॑ल",
"t": "circular; disk"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit मण्ड॑ल (máṇḍala, “circular; disk”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Related to Latin mentula (< *mn̥tolā), from Proto-Indo-European *men- \"to protrude, to project, to stick out\", id est PIE: *mondʰom > *mǫdo. Note also potential relation with Sanskrit मण्ड॑ल (máṇḍala, “circular; disk”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "*mǫdь",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫdo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫdě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫdu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫdъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫdu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫdoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫdomъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫdo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫdě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫdъmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫdomь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫdoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫdy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫdě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫdu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫděxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫdo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫdě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/mǫdo",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"testicle"
],
"id": "en-mǫdo-sla-pro-noun-37DOB-35",
"links": [
[
"testicle",
"testicle"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj"
]
}
],
"word": "mǫdo"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "múdo",
"word": "му́до"
}
],
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"roman": "mudo",
"word": "мудо"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "mudó",
"word": "мудо́"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"roman": "mǫdo",
"word": "мѫдо"
}
],
"lang": "East Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "mǎdó",
"word": "мъдо́"
},
{
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "made",
"word": "маде"
}
],
"lang": "Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "cu",
"roman": "mǫdo",
"word": "мѫдо"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "му́до"
},
{
"lang": "Latin script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "múdo"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh"
}
],
"lang": "South Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "moud"
}
],
"lang": "Old Czech",
"lang_code": "zlw-ocs",
"word": "múdo"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "moud"
}
],
"lang": "Old Czech",
"lang_code": "zlw-ocs",
"word": "múd"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "mądа"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"word": "mądo"
},
{
"lang": "Old Slovak",
"lang_code": "zlw-osk",
"word": "múď"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"word": "mud"
},
{
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"lang_code": "hsb",
"word": "mudo"
}
],
"lang": "Sorbian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "West Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "mentula"
},
"expansion": "Latin mentula",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*men-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *men-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "मण्ड॑ल",
"t": "circular; disk"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit मण्ड॑ल (máṇḍala, “circular; disk”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Related to Latin mentula (< *mn̥tolā), from Proto-Indo-European *men- \"to protrude, to project, to stick out\", id est PIE: *mondʰom > *mǫdo. Note also potential relation with Sanskrit मण्ड॑ल (máṇḍala, “circular; disk”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "*mǫdь",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫdo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫdě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫdu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫdъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫdu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫdoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫdomъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫdo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫdě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫdъmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫdomь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫdoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫdy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫdě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫdu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫděxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫdo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫdě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/mǫdo",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic hard neuter o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic neuter nouns",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms with redundant head parameter",
"sla-pro:Body parts"
],
"glosses": [
"testicle"
],
"links": [
[
"testicle",
"testicle"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj"
]
}
],
"word": "mǫdo"
}
Download raw JSONL data for mǫdo meaning in Proto-Slavic (4.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-09-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-23 using wiktextract (20da82b and a97feda). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.