"lopata" meaning in Proto-Slavic

See lopata in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

Etymology: Formed as *lopъ (“leaf”) + *-ata. Cognate with Lithuanian lópeta (“shovel”), Latvian lâpsta (“shovel, spade”) and Old Prussian lopto (“spade”). Etymology templates: {{affix|sla-pro|*lopъ|*-ata|t1=leaf}} *lopъ (“leaf”) + *-ata, {{cog|lt|lópeta||shovel}} Lithuanian lópeta (“shovel”), {{cog|lv|lāpsta|lâpsta|shovel, spade}} Latvian lâpsta (“shovel, spade”), {{cog|prg|lopto||spade}} Old Prussian lopto (“spade”) Inflection templates: {{sla-decl-noun|lopàta|ap=a}} Forms: lopàta [canonical, feminine], no-table-tags [table-tags], lopàta [nominative, singular], lopàtě [dual, nominative], lopàty [nominative, plural], lopàty [genitive, singular], lopàtu [dual, genitive], lopàtъ [genitive, plural], lopàtě [dative, singular], lopàtama [dative, dual], lopàtamъ [dative, plural], lopàtǫ [accusative, singular], lopàtě [accusative, dual], lopàty [accusative, plural], lopàtojǫ [instrumental, singular], lopàtǭ [instrumental, singular], lopàtama [dual, instrumental], lopàtamī [instrumental, plural], lopàtě [locative, singular], lopàtu [dual, locative], lopàtasъ [locative, plural], lopàtaxъ [locative, plural], lopàto [singular, vocative], lopàtě [dual, vocative], lopàty [plural, vocative]
  1. shovel, spade Wikipedia link: Rick Derksen Tags: reconstruction Related terms: lopastь, lopatь, lopěnъ, lopunъ, lopurъ, lopuxъ, lopuxa
    Sense id: en-lopata-sla-pro-noun-JziE6mpH Categories (other): Latvian links with redundant target parameters, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header, Proto-Slavic links with redundant wikilinks, Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm a, Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ata Derived forms: lopatarjь, lopatastъ, lopatati, lopatica, lopatina, lopatinъ, lopatistъjь, lopatišče, lopatiti, lopatь, lopatьcь, lopatьnjь, lopatьnъ, lopatьskъjь, lopatonogъjь, lopatovъ, lopatъka, lopatъkъ
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "orv",
            "2": "лопата"
          },
          "expansion": "Old East Slavic: лопата (lopata)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old East Slavic: лопата (lopata)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "лапа́та"
          },
          "expansion": "Belarusian: лапа́та (lapáta)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Belarusian: лапа́та (lapáta)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "лопа́та"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: лопа́та (lopáta)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: лопа́та (lopáta)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "лопа́та"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: лопа́та (lopáta)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: лопа́та (lopáta)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "лопата",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: лопата (lopata)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Cyrillic script: лопата (lopata)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "ⰾⱁⱂⰰⱅⰰ",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Glagolitic script: ⰾⱁⱂⰰⱅⰰ (lopata)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Glagolitic script: ⰾⱁⱂⰰⱅⰰ (lopata)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "лопа́та"
          },
          "expansion": "Bulgarian: лопа́та (lopáta)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bulgarian: лопа́та (lopáta)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mk",
            "2": "лопата"
          },
          "expansion": "Macedonian: лопата (lopata)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Macedonian: лопата (lopata)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "ло̀пата",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Cyrillic script: ло̀пата",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Cyrillic script: ло̀пата"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "lòpata",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin script: lòpata",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin script: lòpata"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sl",
            "2": "lopáta",
            "alt": "",
            "bor": "",
            "der": "",
            "g": "",
            "pos": "",
            "t": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: lopáta",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tonal orthography"
          },
          "expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
          "name": "i"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lopáta"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: lopáta (tonal orthography)",
          "name": "desc/sl-tonal"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovene: lopáta (tonal orthography)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-ocs",
            "2": "lopata"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Czech: lopata",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Czech: lopata"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "lopata"
          },
          "expansion": "Czech: lopata",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Czech: lopata"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pox",
            "2": "lüpotă"
          },
          "expansion": "Polabian: lüpotă",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polabian: lüpotă"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "łopata"
          },
          "expansion": "Polish: łopata",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polish: łopata"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sk",
            "2": "lopata"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovak: lopata",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovak: lopata"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Pomeranian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "csb",
            "2": "łopata"
          },
          "expansion": "Kashubian: łopata",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rare"
          },
          "expansion": "(rare)",
          "name": "qualifier"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kashubian: łopata (rare)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-slv",
            "2": "lôpata"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovincian: lôpata",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovincian: lôpata"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Sorbian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hsb",
            "2": "łopata"
          },
          "expansion": "Upper Sorbian: łopata",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Upper Sorbian: łopata"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dsb",
            "2": "łopata"
          },
          "expansion": "Lower Sorbian: łopata",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lower Sorbian: łopata"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sq",
            "2": "lopatë",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Albanian: lopatë",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Albanian: lopatë"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rup",
            "2": "lupatã",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Aromanian: lupatã",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Aromanian: lupatã"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hu",
            "2": "lapát",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Hungarian: lapát",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Hungarian: lapát"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ro",
            "2": "lopată",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Romanian: lopată",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Romanian: lopată"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-bsl-pro",
            "2": "",
            "alt": "*lapātā"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *lapātā",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "urj-fin-pro",
            "2": "",
            "alt": "*lapita"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Finnic: *lapita",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "urj-fin-pro",
            "2": "*lapida",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Proto-Finnic: *lapida",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Early Proto-Slavic or Proto-Balto-Slavic: *lapātā > Early Proto-Finnic: *lapita → Proto-Finnic: *lapida, *lapido"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fi",
            "2": "lapio"
          },
          "expansion": "Finnish: lapio",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Finnish: lapio"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "et",
            "2": "labidas"
          },
          "expansion": "Estonian: labidas",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Estonian: labidas"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "krl",
            "2": "lapie"
          },
          "expansion": "Karelian: lapie",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Karelian: lapie"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vot",
            "2": "lapia"
          },
          "expansion": "Votic: lapia",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Votic: lapia"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*lopъ",
        "3": "*-ata",
        "t1": "leaf"
      },
      "expansion": "*lopъ (“leaf”) + *-ata",
      "name": "affix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "lópeta",
        "3": "",
        "4": "shovel"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian lópeta (“shovel”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "lāpsta",
        "3": "lâpsta",
        "4": "shovel, spade"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian lâpsta (“shovel, spade”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "prg",
        "2": "lopto",
        "3": "",
        "4": "spade"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Prussian lopto (“spade”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Formed as *lopъ (“leaf”) + *-ata. Cognate with Lithuanian lópeta (“shovel”), Latvian lâpsta (“shovel, spade”) and Old Prussian lopto (“spade”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "lopàta",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-decl-noun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lopàta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lopàtě",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lopàty",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lopàty",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lopàtu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lopàtъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lopàtě",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lopàtama",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lopàtamъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lopàtǫ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lopàtě",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lopàty",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lopàtojǫ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lopàtǭ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lopàtama",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lopàtamī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lopàtě",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lopàtu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lopàtasъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lopàtaxъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lopàto",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lopàtě",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lopàty",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lopàta",
        "ap": "a"
      },
      "name": "sla-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/lopata",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian links with redundant target parameters",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm a",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ata",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "lopatarjь"
        },
        {
          "word": "lopatastъ"
        },
        {
          "word": "lopatati"
        },
        {
          "word": "lopatica"
        },
        {
          "word": "lopatina"
        },
        {
          "word": "lopatinъ"
        },
        {
          "word": "lopatistъjь"
        },
        {
          "word": "lopatišče"
        },
        {
          "word": "lopatiti"
        },
        {
          "word": "lopatь"
        },
        {
          "word": "lopatьcь"
        },
        {
          "word": "lopatьnjь"
        },
        {
          "word": "lopatьnъ"
        },
        {
          "word": "lopatьskъjь"
        },
        {
          "word": "lopatonogъjь"
        },
        {
          "word": "lopatovъ"
        },
        {
          "word": "lopatъka"
        },
        {
          "word": "lopatъkъ"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "shovel, spade"
      ],
      "id": "en-lopata-sla-pro-noun-JziE6mpH",
      "links": [
        [
          "shovel",
          "shovel"
        ],
        [
          "spade",
          "spade"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "lopastь"
        },
        {
          "word": "lopatь"
        },
        {
          "word": "lopěnъ"
        },
        {
          "word": "lopunъ"
        },
        {
          "word": "lopurъ"
        },
        {
          "word": "lopuxъ"
        },
        {
          "word": "lopuxa"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Rick Derksen"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "lopata"
}
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "lopatarjь"
    },
    {
      "word": "lopatastъ"
    },
    {
      "word": "lopatati"
    },
    {
      "word": "lopatica"
    },
    {
      "word": "lopatina"
    },
    {
      "word": "lopatinъ"
    },
    {
      "word": "lopatistъjь"
    },
    {
      "word": "lopatišče"
    },
    {
      "word": "lopatiti"
    },
    {
      "word": "lopatь"
    },
    {
      "word": "lopatьcь"
    },
    {
      "word": "lopatьnjь"
    },
    {
      "word": "lopatьnъ"
    },
    {
      "word": "lopatьskъjь"
    },
    {
      "word": "lopatonogъjь"
    },
    {
      "word": "lopatovъ"
    },
    {
      "word": "lopatъka"
    },
    {
      "word": "lopatъkъ"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "orv",
            "2": "лопата"
          },
          "expansion": "Old East Slavic: лопата (lopata)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old East Slavic: лопата (lopata)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "лапа́та"
          },
          "expansion": "Belarusian: лапа́та (lapáta)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Belarusian: лапа́та (lapáta)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "лопа́та"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: лопа́та (lopáta)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: лопа́та (lopáta)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "лопа́та"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: лопа́та (lopáta)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: лопа́та (lopáta)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "лопата",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: лопата (lopata)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Cyrillic script: лопата (lopata)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "ⰾⱁⱂⰰⱅⰰ",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Glagolitic script: ⰾⱁⱂⰰⱅⰰ (lopata)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Glagolitic script: ⰾⱁⱂⰰⱅⰰ (lopata)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "лопа́та"
          },
          "expansion": "Bulgarian: лопа́та (lopáta)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bulgarian: лопа́та (lopáta)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mk",
            "2": "лопата"
          },
          "expansion": "Macedonian: лопата (lopata)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Macedonian: лопата (lopata)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "ло̀пата",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Cyrillic script: ло̀пата",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Cyrillic script: ло̀пата"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "lòpata",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin script: lòpata",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin script: lòpata"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sl",
            "2": "lopáta",
            "alt": "",
            "bor": "",
            "der": "",
            "g": "",
            "pos": "",
            "t": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: lopáta",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tonal orthography"
          },
          "expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
          "name": "i"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lopáta"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: lopáta (tonal orthography)",
          "name": "desc/sl-tonal"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovene: lopáta (tonal orthography)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-ocs",
            "2": "lopata"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Czech: lopata",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Czech: lopata"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "lopata"
          },
          "expansion": "Czech: lopata",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Czech: lopata"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pox",
            "2": "lüpotă"
          },
          "expansion": "Polabian: lüpotă",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polabian: lüpotă"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "łopata"
          },
          "expansion": "Polish: łopata",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polish: łopata"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sk",
            "2": "lopata"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovak: lopata",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovak: lopata"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Pomeranian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "csb",
            "2": "łopata"
          },
          "expansion": "Kashubian: łopata",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rare"
          },
          "expansion": "(rare)",
          "name": "qualifier"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kashubian: łopata (rare)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-slv",
            "2": "lôpata"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovincian: lôpata",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovincian: lôpata"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Sorbian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hsb",
            "2": "łopata"
          },
          "expansion": "Upper Sorbian: łopata",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Upper Sorbian: łopata"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dsb",
            "2": "łopata"
          },
          "expansion": "Lower Sorbian: łopata",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lower Sorbian: łopata"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sq",
            "2": "lopatë",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Albanian: lopatë",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Albanian: lopatë"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rup",
            "2": "lupatã",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Aromanian: lupatã",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Aromanian: lupatã"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hu",
            "2": "lapát",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Hungarian: lapát",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Hungarian: lapát"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ro",
            "2": "lopată",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Romanian: lopată",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Romanian: lopată"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-bsl-pro",
            "2": "",
            "alt": "*lapātā"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *lapātā",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "urj-fin-pro",
            "2": "",
            "alt": "*lapita"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Finnic: *lapita",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "urj-fin-pro",
            "2": "*lapida",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Proto-Finnic: *lapida",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Early Proto-Slavic or Proto-Balto-Slavic: *lapātā > Early Proto-Finnic: *lapita → Proto-Finnic: *lapida, *lapido"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fi",
            "2": "lapio"
          },
          "expansion": "Finnish: lapio",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Finnish: lapio"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "et",
            "2": "labidas"
          },
          "expansion": "Estonian: labidas",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Estonian: labidas"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "krl",
            "2": "lapie"
          },
          "expansion": "Karelian: lapie",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Karelian: lapie"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vot",
            "2": "lapia"
          },
          "expansion": "Votic: lapia",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Votic: lapia"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*lopъ",
        "3": "*-ata",
        "t1": "leaf"
      },
      "expansion": "*lopъ (“leaf”) + *-ata",
      "name": "affix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "lópeta",
        "3": "",
        "4": "shovel"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian lópeta (“shovel”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "lāpsta",
        "3": "lâpsta",
        "4": "shovel, spade"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian lâpsta (“shovel, spade”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "prg",
        "2": "lopto",
        "3": "",
        "4": "spade"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Prussian lopto (“spade”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Formed as *lopъ (“leaf”) + *-ata. Cognate with Lithuanian lópeta (“shovel”), Latvian lâpsta (“shovel, spade”) and Old Prussian lopto (“spade”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "lopàta",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-decl-noun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lopàta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lopàtě",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lopàty",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lopàty",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lopàtu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lopàtъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lopàtě",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lopàtama",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lopàtamъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lopàtǫ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lopàtě",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lopàty",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lopàtojǫ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lopàtǭ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lopàtama",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lopàtamī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lopàtě",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lopàtu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lopàtasъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lopàtaxъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lopàto",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lopàtě",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lopàty",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lopàta",
        "ap": "a"
      },
      "name": "sla-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/lopata",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "lopastь"
    },
    {
      "word": "lopatь"
    },
    {
      "word": "lopěnъ"
    },
    {
      "word": "lopunъ"
    },
    {
      "word": "lopurъ"
    },
    {
      "word": "lopuxъ"
    },
    {
      "word": "lopuxa"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latvian links with redundant target parameters",
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Slavic feminine nouns",
        "Proto-Slavic hard a-stem nouns",
        "Proto-Slavic lemmas",
        "Proto-Slavic links with redundant wikilinks",
        "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm a",
        "Proto-Slavic nouns",
        "Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ata",
        "sla-pro:Tools"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "shovel, spade"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "shovel",
          "shovel"
        ],
        [
          "spade",
          "spade"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Rick Derksen"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "lopata"
}

Download raw JSONL data for lopata meaning in Proto-Slavic (10.1kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-02 using wiktextract (a681f8a and 3c020d2). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.