See krupa in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "крупа́"
},
"expansion": "Russian: крупа́ (krupá)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: крупа́ (krupá)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "crp-rsn",
"2": "gropa"
},
"expansion": "Russenorsk: gropa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russenorsk: gropa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "крупа"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: крупа (krupa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: крупа (krupa)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "крупа"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic: крупа (krupa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic: крупа (krupa)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "кру́па",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: кру́па",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: кру́па"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "krúpa",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: krúpa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: krúpa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "krúpa",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: krúpa",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "krúpa"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: krúpa (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: krúpa (tonal orthography) (obsolete)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "krúpa"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: krúpa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: krúpa"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "kroupa"
},
"expansion": "Czech: kroupa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: kroupa"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "Mistřice"
},
"expansion": "(Mistřice)",
"name": "a"
}
],
"text": "Moravian (Mistřice): krúpa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "krupy"
},
"expansion": "Polish: krupy",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: krupy"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "krúpy"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: krúpy",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: krúpy"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "krupa"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: krupa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: krupa"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "kšupa"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: kšupa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: kšupa"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "grūpe",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle High German: grūpe",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "probably via Sorbian and/or Polish"
},
"expansion": "(probably via Sorbian and/or Polish)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle High German: grūpe (probably via Sorbian and/or Polish)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Graupe"
},
"expansion": "German: Graupe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Graupe"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*kraupāˀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *kraupāˀ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*krowp-eh₂"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *krowp-eh₂",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "kr̨aũpa",
"3": "",
"4": "wart"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian kr̨aũpa (“wart”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "hrýfi",
"3": "",
"4": "scabies"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic hrýfi (“scabies”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kraupāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *krowp-eh₂, from *krewp-. Baltic cognates include Lithuanian kr̨aũpa (“wart”). Indo-European cognates include Icelandic hrýfi (“scabies”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "krūpà",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "b",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "krūpà",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krũpě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "krūpỳ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krūpỳ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krūpù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "krũpъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krūpě̀",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krūpàma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "krūpàmъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krūpǫ̀",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krũpě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "krūpỳ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krūpòjǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krũpǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krūpàma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "krūpàmī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krūpě̀",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krūpù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "krūpàsъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krūpàxъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krupo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krũpě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krūpỳ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krūpà",
"ap": "b",
"g": "f",
"stem": "a"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/krupa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"grainy substance, groats, hail"
],
"id": "en-krupa-sla-pro-noun-sFEos6fK",
"links": [
[
"groats",
"groats"
],
[
"hail",
"hail"
]
],
"related": [
{
"english": "coarse",
"word": "krupьnъ"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Rick Derksen"
]
}
],
"word": "krupa"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "крупа́"
},
"expansion": "Russian: крупа́ (krupá)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: крупа́ (krupá)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "crp-rsn",
"2": "gropa"
},
"expansion": "Russenorsk: gropa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russenorsk: gropa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "крупа"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: крупа (krupa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: крупа (krupa)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "крупа"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic: крупа (krupa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic: крупа (krupa)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "кру́па",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: кру́па",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: кру́па"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "krúpa",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: krúpa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: krúpa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "krúpa",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: krúpa",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "krúpa"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: krúpa (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: krúpa (tonal orthography) (obsolete)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "krúpa"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: krúpa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: krúpa"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "kroupa"
},
"expansion": "Czech: kroupa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: kroupa"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "Mistřice"
},
"expansion": "(Mistřice)",
"name": "a"
}
],
"text": "Moravian (Mistřice): krúpa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "krupy"
},
"expansion": "Polish: krupy",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: krupy"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "krúpy"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: krúpy",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: krúpy"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "krupa"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: krupa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: krupa"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "kšupa"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: kšupa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: kšupa"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "grūpe",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle High German: grūpe",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "probably via Sorbian and/or Polish"
},
"expansion": "(probably via Sorbian and/or Polish)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle High German: grūpe (probably via Sorbian and/or Polish)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Graupe"
},
"expansion": "German: Graupe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Graupe"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*kraupāˀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *kraupāˀ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*krowp-eh₂"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *krowp-eh₂",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "kr̨aũpa",
"3": "",
"4": "wart"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian kr̨aũpa (“wart”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "hrýfi",
"3": "",
"4": "scabies"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic hrýfi (“scabies”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kraupāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *krowp-eh₂, from *krewp-. Baltic cognates include Lithuanian kr̨aũpa (“wart”). Indo-European cognates include Icelandic hrýfi (“scabies”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "krūpà",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "b",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "krūpà",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krũpě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "krūpỳ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krūpỳ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krūpù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "krũpъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krūpě̀",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krūpàma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "krūpàmъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krūpǫ̀",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krũpě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "krūpỳ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krūpòjǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krũpǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krūpàma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "krūpàmī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krūpě̀",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krūpù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "krūpàsъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krūpàxъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krupo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krũpě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krūpỳ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krūpà",
"ap": "b",
"g": "f",
"stem": "a"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/krupa",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "coarse",
"word": "krupьnъ"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"glosses": [
"grainy substance, groats, hail"
],
"links": [
[
"groats",
"groats"
],
[
"hail",
"hail"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Rick Derksen"
]
}
],
"word": "krupa"
}
Download raw JSONL data for krupa meaning in Proto-Slavic (7.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.