See kostь in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "кость"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: кость (kostĭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: кость (kostĭ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ort",
"2": "кость"
},
"expansion": "Old Ruthenian: кость (kostʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Ruthenian: кость (kostʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-obe",
"2": "косць"
},
"expansion": "Old Belarusian: косць (koscʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Belarusian: косць (koscʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "косць"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: косць (koscʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: косць (koscʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rue",
"2": "кость",
"3": "кість"
},
"expansion": "Carpathian Rusyn: кость (kostʹ), кість (kistʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Carpathian Rusyn: кость (kostʹ), кість (kistʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "кість"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: кість (kistʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: кість (kistʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "кость"
},
"expansion": "Russian: кость (kostʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: кость (kostʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ⰽⱁⱄⱅⱐ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Glagolitic script: ⰽⱁⱄⱅⱐ (kostĭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Glagolitic script: ⰽⱁⱄⱅⱐ (kostĭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "кость",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: кость (kostĭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Cyrillic script: кость (kostĭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ко̑ст",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: ко̑ст",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: ко̑ст"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "kȏst",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: kȏst",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: kȏst"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "kọ̑st",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: kọ̑st",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kọ̑st"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: kọ̑st (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: kọ̑st (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "kost"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: kost\nCzech: kost",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: kost\nCzech: kost"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "kość"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: kość\nPolish: kość\nSilesian: kość",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: kość\nPolish: kość\nSilesian: kość"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-osk",
"2": "kosť"
},
"expansion": "Old Slovak: kosť\nPannonian Rusyn: косц (kosc)\nSlovak: kosť",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Slovak: kosť\nPannonian Rusyn: косц (kosc)\nSlovak: kosť"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pox",
"2": "ťüst"
},
"expansion": "Polabian: ťüst",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polabian: ťüst"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Pomeranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "kòsc",
"q": "rare"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: (rare) kòsc",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: (rare) kòsc"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-slv",
"2": "kôsc"
},
"expansion": "Slovincian: kôsc",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovincian: kôsc"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "kósć"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: kósć",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: kósć"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "kósć"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: kósć",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: kósć"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kost-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kost-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "costa",
"3": "",
"4": "rib"
},
"expansion": "Latin costa (“rib”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kes-",
"t": "to cut"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kes- (“to cut”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *kost-, supposedly connected with *h₃ost-. Compare Latin costa (“rib”).\nMelnichuk prefers to derive this word from Proto-Indo-European *kes- (“to cut”) with semantic development ‘stabbed corpse’ > ‘dead body’ > ‘remnants’ > ‘bones’.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kȍstь",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "i-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "c",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍstь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍsti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍsti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kostí",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kostьjù",
"roman": "kosťu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kostь̀jь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍsti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kostьmà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍstьmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍstь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍsti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍsti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kostьjǫ́",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kostьmà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "kostьmì",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kostí",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kostьjù",
"roman": "kosťu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍstьxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kosti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍsti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍsti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"ap": "c",
"g": "f"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kostь",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "small bone",
"word": "kostъka"
},
{
"english": "having prominent bones, bony",
"word": "kostàtъ"
},
{
"english": "tailbone, coccyx",
"sense": "*kostra (“skeleton”)",
"word": "kostrьcь"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bone"
],
"id": "en-kostь-sla-pro-noun-yNrPZX~p",
"links": [
[
"bone",
"bone"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Rick Derksen"
]
}
],
"word": "kostь"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"english": "small bone",
"word": "kostъka"
},
{
"english": "having prominent bones, bony",
"word": "kostàtъ"
},
{
"english": "tailbone, coccyx",
"sense": "*kostra (“skeleton”)",
"word": "kostrьcь"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "кость"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: кость (kostĭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: кость (kostĭ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ort",
"2": "кость"
},
"expansion": "Old Ruthenian: кость (kostʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Ruthenian: кость (kostʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-obe",
"2": "косць"
},
"expansion": "Old Belarusian: косць (koscʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Belarusian: косць (koscʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "косць"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: косць (koscʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: косць (koscʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rue",
"2": "кость",
"3": "кість"
},
"expansion": "Carpathian Rusyn: кость (kostʹ), кість (kistʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Carpathian Rusyn: кость (kostʹ), кість (kistʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "кість"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: кість (kistʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: кість (kistʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "кость"
},
"expansion": "Russian: кость (kostʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: кость (kostʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ⰽⱁⱄⱅⱐ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Glagolitic script: ⰽⱁⱄⱅⱐ (kostĭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Glagolitic script: ⰽⱁⱄⱅⱐ (kostĭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "кость",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: кость (kostĭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Cyrillic script: кость (kostĭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ко̑ст",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: ко̑ст",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: ко̑ст"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "kȏst",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: kȏst",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: kȏst"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "kọ̑st",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: kọ̑st",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kọ̑st"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: kọ̑st (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: kọ̑st (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "kost"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: kost\nCzech: kost",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: kost\nCzech: kost"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "kość"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: kość\nPolish: kość\nSilesian: kość",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: kość\nPolish: kość\nSilesian: kość"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-osk",
"2": "kosť"
},
"expansion": "Old Slovak: kosť\nPannonian Rusyn: косц (kosc)\nSlovak: kosť",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Slovak: kosť\nPannonian Rusyn: косц (kosc)\nSlovak: kosť"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pox",
"2": "ťüst"
},
"expansion": "Polabian: ťüst",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polabian: ťüst"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Pomeranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "kòsc",
"q": "rare"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: (rare) kòsc",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: (rare) kòsc"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-slv",
"2": "kôsc"
},
"expansion": "Slovincian: kôsc",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovincian: kôsc"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "kósć"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: kósć",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: kósć"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "kósć"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: kósć",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: kósć"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kost-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kost-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "costa",
"3": "",
"4": "rib"
},
"expansion": "Latin costa (“rib”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kes-",
"t": "to cut"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kes- (“to cut”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *kost-, supposedly connected with *h₃ost-. Compare Latin costa (“rib”).\nMelnichuk prefers to derive this word from Proto-Indo-European *kes- (“to cut”) with semantic development ‘stabbed corpse’ > ‘dead body’ > ‘remnants’ > ‘bones’.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kȍstь",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "i-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "c",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍstь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍsti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍsti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kostí",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kostьjù",
"roman": "kosťu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kostь̀jь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍsti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kostьmà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍstьmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍstь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍsti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍsti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kostьjǫ́",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kostьmà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "kostьmì",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kostí",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kostьjù",
"roman": "kosťu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍstьxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kosti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍsti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kȍsti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"ap": "c",
"g": "f"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kostь",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic feminine i-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic i-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"sla-pro:Body parts"
],
"glosses": [
"bone"
],
"links": [
[
"bone",
"bone"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Rick Derksen"
]
}
],
"word": "kostь"
}
Download raw JSONL data for kostь meaning in Proto-Slavic (8.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.