See grivьna in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "hrýwnja",
"word": "гры́ўня"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "hrývnja",
"sense": "unit of currency and weight",
"word": "гри́вня"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "hrývna",
"sense": "a torque",
"word": "гри́вна"
}
],
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"roman": "hrívna",
"word": "гри́вна"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "hrýwnja",
"word": "гры́ўня"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "hrývnja",
"sense": "unit of currency and weight",
"word": "гри́вня"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "hrývna",
"sense": "a torque",
"word": "гри́вна"
}
],
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"roman": "hrývna",
"word": "гры́вна"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "hrýwnja",
"word": "гры́ўня"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "hrývnja",
"sense": "unit of currency and weight",
"word": "гри́вня"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "hrývna",
"sense": "a torque",
"word": "гри́вна"
}
],
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"roman": "hrívnja",
"word": "гри́внꙗ"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "grívna",
"word": "гри́вна"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"roman": "grivĭna",
"word": "гривьна"
}
],
"lang": "East Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "grívna",
"word": "гри́вна"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "гри̑вна"
},
{
"lang": "Latin script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "grȋvna"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh"
},
{
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"word": "grȋvna"
}
],
"lang": "South Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "hřivna"
}
],
"lang": "Old Czech",
"lang_code": "zlw-ocs",
"word": "hřivna"
},
{
"lang": "Polabian",
"lang_code": "pox",
"word": "grėiwně"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "grzywna"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"word": "grzywna"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "grzywna"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"word": "krzywna"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"word": "hrivna"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"lang_code": "hsb",
"word": "hriwna"
}
],
"lang": "Sorbian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "West Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*grìva",
"3": "*-ьna"
},
"expansion": "*grìva + *-ьna",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *grìva + *-ьna.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "grivьna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grivьně",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "grivьny",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grivьny",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grivьnu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "grivьnъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grivьně",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grivьnama",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "grivьnamъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grivьnǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grivьně",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "grivьny",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grivьnojǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grivьnǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grivьnama",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "grivьnamī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grivьně",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grivьnu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "grivьnasъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grivьnaxъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grivьno",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "grivьně",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "grivьny",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grivьna",
"ap": "a"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/grivьna",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"necklace"
],
"id": "en-grivьna-sla-pro-noun-cx9GUHzF",
"links": [
[
"necklace",
"necklace"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 95",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 95",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 91",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 94",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm a",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 84",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ьna",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"monetary unit"
],
"id": "en-grivьna-sla-pro-noun-~4W5BYiz",
"links": [
[
"monetary unit",
"monetary unit"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "grivьna"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm a",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ьna",
"sla-pro:Jewelry"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "hrýwnja",
"word": "гры́ўня"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "hrývnja",
"sense": "unit of currency and weight",
"word": "гри́вня"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "hrývna",
"sense": "a torque",
"word": "гри́вна"
}
],
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"roman": "hrívna",
"word": "гри́вна"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "hrýwnja",
"word": "гры́ўня"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "hrývnja",
"sense": "unit of currency and weight",
"word": "гри́вня"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "hrývna",
"sense": "a torque",
"word": "гри́вна"
}
],
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"roman": "hrývna",
"word": "гры́вна"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "hrýwnja",
"word": "гры́ўня"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "hrývnja",
"sense": "unit of currency and weight",
"word": "гри́вня"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "hrývna",
"sense": "a torque",
"word": "гри́вна"
}
],
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"roman": "hrívnja",
"word": "гри́внꙗ"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "grívna",
"word": "гри́вна"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"roman": "grivĭna",
"word": "гривьна"
}
],
"lang": "East Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "grívna",
"word": "гри́вна"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "гри̑вна"
},
{
"lang": "Latin script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "grȋvna"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh"
},
{
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"word": "grȋvna"
}
],
"lang": "South Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "hřivna"
}
],
"lang": "Old Czech",
"lang_code": "zlw-ocs",
"word": "hřivna"
},
{
"lang": "Polabian",
"lang_code": "pox",
"word": "grėiwně"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "grzywna"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"word": "grzywna"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "grzywna"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"word": "krzywna"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"word": "hrivna"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"lang_code": "hsb",
"word": "hriwna"
}
],
"lang": "Sorbian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "West Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*grìva",
"3": "*-ьna"
},
"expansion": "*grìva + *-ьna",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *grìva + *-ьna.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "grivьna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grivьně",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "grivьny",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grivьny",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grivьnu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "grivьnъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grivьně",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grivьnama",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "grivьnamъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grivьnǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grivьně",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "grivьny",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grivьnojǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grivьnǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grivьnama",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "grivьnamī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grivьně",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grivьnu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "grivьnasъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grivьnaxъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grivьno",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "grivьně",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "grivьny",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grivьna",
"ap": "a"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/grivьna",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"necklace"
],
"links": [
[
"necklace",
"necklace"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"monetary unit"
],
"links": [
[
"monetary unit",
"monetary unit"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "grivьna"
}
Download raw JSONL data for grivьna meaning in Proto-Slavic (5.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-02 using wiktextract (ddb1505 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.