See grabrъ in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for grabrъ meaning in Proto-Slavic (6.5kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ort",
"2": "грабъ"
},
"expansion": "Old Ruthenian: грабъ (hrab)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Ruthenian: грабъ (hrab)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "граб"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: граб (hrab)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: граб (hrab)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "граб"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: граб (hrab)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: граб (hrab)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "гра́би́на",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Ukrainian: гра́би́на (hrábýna)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Ukrainian: гра́би́на (hrábýna)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "граб"
},
"expansion": "Russian: граб (grab)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: граб (grab)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "габър"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: габър (gabǎr)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: габър (gabǎr)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "габер"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: габер (gaber)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: габер (gaber)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "граб",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: граб",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: граб"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "grab",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: grab",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: grab"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "grȃbǝr",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: grȃbǝr",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grȃbǝr"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: grȃbǝr (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: grȃbǝr (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "habr"
},
"expansion": "Czech: habr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: habr, hrabr"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "grôbk"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: grôbk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: grôbk"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "grab"
},
"expansion": "Polish: grab",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: grab"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "hrab"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: hrab",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: hrab"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "hrab"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: hrab",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: hrab"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "grab"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: grab",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: grab"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*grēb(ʰ)o-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *grēb(ʰ)o-s",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "skroblas"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian skroblas",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "skābardis"
},
"expansion": "Latvian skābardis",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "Gruõbin̨a"
},
"expansion": "Latvian Gruõbin̨a",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "γράβιον",
"3": "",
"4": "torch"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek γράβιον (grábion, “torch”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "According to Pokorny, from Proto-Indo-European *grēb(ʰ)o-s, from the zero grade of *gerbʰ- (“to carve, dig out”).\nJuxtapose Lithuanian skroblas, Latvian skābardis. Further compare Latvian Gruõbin̨a, Ancient Greek γράβιον (grábion, “torch”). Some authors argue for a non-Indo-European origin.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "grabrъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grabra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "grabri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grabra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grabru",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "grabrъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grabru",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grabroma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "grabromъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grabrъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grabra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "grabry",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grabrъmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grabromь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grabroma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "grabry",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grabrě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grabru",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "grabrěxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grabre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "grabra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "grabri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grabrъ",
"g": "m"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/grabrъ",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hornbeam"
],
"id": "en-grabrъ-sla-pro-noun-3HElFVMe",
"links": [
[
"hornbeam",
"hornbeam"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "grabrъ"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ort",
"2": "грабъ"
},
"expansion": "Old Ruthenian: грабъ (hrab)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Ruthenian: грабъ (hrab)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "граб"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: граб (hrab)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: граб (hrab)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "граб"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: граб (hrab)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: граб (hrab)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "гра́би́на",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Ukrainian: гра́би́на (hrábýna)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Ukrainian: гра́би́на (hrábýna)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "граб"
},
"expansion": "Russian: граб (grab)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: граб (grab)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "габър"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: габър (gabǎr)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: габър (gabǎr)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "габер"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: габер (gaber)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: габер (gaber)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "граб",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: граб",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: граб"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "grab",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: grab",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: grab"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "grȃbǝr",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: grȃbǝr",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grȃbǝr"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: grȃbǝr (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: grȃbǝr (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "habr"
},
"expansion": "Czech: habr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: habr, hrabr"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "grôbk"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: grôbk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: grôbk"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "grab"
},
"expansion": "Polish: grab",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: grab"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "hrab"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: hrab",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: hrab"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "hrab"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: hrab",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: hrab"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "grab"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: grab",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: grab"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*grēb(ʰ)o-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *grēb(ʰ)o-s",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "skroblas"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian skroblas",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "skābardis"
},
"expansion": "Latvian skābardis",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "Gruõbin̨a"
},
"expansion": "Latvian Gruõbin̨a",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "γράβιον",
"3": "",
"4": "torch"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek γράβιον (grábion, “torch”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "According to Pokorny, from Proto-Indo-European *grēb(ʰ)o-s, from the zero grade of *gerbʰ- (“to carve, dig out”).\nJuxtapose Lithuanian skroblas, Latvian skābardis. Further compare Latvian Gruõbin̨a, Ancient Greek γράβιον (grábion, “torch”). Some authors argue for a non-Indo-European origin.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "grabrъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grabra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "grabri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grabra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grabru",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "grabrъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grabru",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grabroma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "grabromъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grabrъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grabra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "grabry",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grabrъmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grabromь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grabroma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "grabry",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grabrě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grabru",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "grabrěxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grabre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "grabra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "grabri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grabrъ",
"g": "m"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/grabrъ",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic hard masculine o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"sla-pro:Birch family plants",
"sla-pro:Trees"
],
"glosses": [
"hornbeam"
],
"links": [
[
"hornbeam",
"hornbeam"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "grabrъ"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.