See gъlkъ in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "гълка",
"3": "голка",
"g1": "f",
"g2": "f"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: гълка f (gŭlka), голка f (golka)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: гълка f (gŭlka), голка f (golka)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ort",
"2": "го́лка",
"g1": "f"
},
"expansion": "Old Ruthenian: го́лка f (hólka)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Ruthenian: го́лка f (hólka)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "голк",
"qq": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "Russian: голк (golk) (dialectal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: голк (golk) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zls-chs",
"2": "глъкъ",
"3": "глъка",
"g2": "f",
"nolb": "1",
"qq": "Russian recension"
},
"expansion": "глъкъ (glŭkŭ), глъка f (glŭka) (Russian recension)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Church Slavonic: глъкъ (glŭkŭ), глъка f (glŭka) (Russian recension)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zls-chs",
"2": "глъкъ",
"nolb": "1",
"qq": "Czech recension"
},
"expansion": "глъкъ (glŭkŭ) (Czech recension)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Church Slavonic: глъкъ (glŭkŭ) (Czech recension)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "hluk"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: hluk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: hluk"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "hluk"
},
"expansion": "Czech: hluk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: hluk"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "giełk"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: giełk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: giełk"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-mpl",
"2": "giełk",
"3": "giełch",
"4": "giełg"
},
"expansion": "Middle Polish: giełk, giełch, giełg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Polish: giełk, giełch, giełg"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zgiełk",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Polish: zgiełk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Polish: zgiełk"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "giyłk"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: giyłk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: giyłk"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "hluk"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: hluk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: hluk"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "hołk"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: hołk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: hołk"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Non-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "holcă",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: holcă",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: holcă"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro"
},
"expansion": "Onomatopoeic",
"name": "onomatopoeia"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Onomatopoeic.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "*gъlka",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "*gъlčь",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gъlkъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gъlka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "gъlci",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gъlka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gъlku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "gъlkъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gъlku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gъlkoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gъlkomъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gъlkъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gъlka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gъlky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gъlkъmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gъlkomь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gъlkoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "gъlky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gъlcě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gъlku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "gъlcěxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gъlče",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gъlka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gъlci",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"stem": "o"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gъlkъ",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic onomatopoeias",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "to bark, yelp",
"word": "gъlkati"
},
{
"english": "to scold, to yell",
"word": "gъlčati"
},
{
"english": "to shout",
"word": "gъlčiti"
}
],
"glosses": [
"noise, cackle"
],
"id": "en-gъlkъ-sla-pro-noun-y8TwjVfb",
"links": [
[
"noise",
"noise"
],
[
"cackle",
"cackle"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "gъlkъ"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"english": "to bark, yelp",
"word": "gъlkati"
},
{
"english": "to scold, to yell",
"word": "gъlčati"
},
{
"english": "to shout",
"word": "gъlčiti"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "гълка",
"3": "голка",
"g1": "f",
"g2": "f"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: гълка f (gŭlka), голка f (golka)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: гълка f (gŭlka), голка f (golka)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ort",
"2": "го́лка",
"g1": "f"
},
"expansion": "Old Ruthenian: го́лка f (hólka)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Ruthenian: го́лка f (hólka)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "голк",
"qq": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "Russian: голк (golk) (dialectal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: голк (golk) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zls-chs",
"2": "глъкъ",
"3": "глъка",
"g2": "f",
"nolb": "1",
"qq": "Russian recension"
},
"expansion": "глъкъ (glŭkŭ), глъка f (glŭka) (Russian recension)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Church Slavonic: глъкъ (glŭkŭ), глъка f (glŭka) (Russian recension)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zls-chs",
"2": "глъкъ",
"nolb": "1",
"qq": "Czech recension"
},
"expansion": "глъкъ (glŭkŭ) (Czech recension)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Church Slavonic: глъкъ (glŭkŭ) (Czech recension)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "hluk"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: hluk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: hluk"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "hluk"
},
"expansion": "Czech: hluk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: hluk"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "giełk"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: giełk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: giełk"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-mpl",
"2": "giełk",
"3": "giełch",
"4": "giełg"
},
"expansion": "Middle Polish: giełk, giełch, giełg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Polish: giełk, giełch, giełg"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zgiełk",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Polish: zgiełk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Polish: zgiełk"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "giyłk"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: giyłk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: giyłk"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "hluk"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: hluk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: hluk"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "hołk"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: hołk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: hołk"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Non-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "holcă",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: holcă",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: holcă"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro"
},
"expansion": "Onomatopoeic",
"name": "onomatopoeia"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Onomatopoeic.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "*gъlka",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "*gъlčь",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gъlkъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gъlka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "gъlci",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gъlka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gъlku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "gъlkъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gъlku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gъlkoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gъlkomъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gъlkъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gъlka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gъlky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gъlkъmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gъlkomь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gъlkoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "gъlky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gъlcě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gъlku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "gъlcěxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gъlče",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gъlka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gъlci",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"stem": "o"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gъlkъ",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic hard masculine o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic onomatopoeias",
"Proto-Slavic terms with redundant head parameter",
"sla-pro:Sounds"
],
"glosses": [
"noise, cackle"
],
"links": [
[
"noise",
"noise"
],
[
"cackle",
"cackle"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "gъlkъ"
}
Download raw JSONL data for gъlkъ meaning in Proto-Slavic (5.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-02 using wiktextract (a681f8a and 3c020d2). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.