See draska in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "drazga",
"sense": "freckle",
"word": "дразга"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "dráska",
"sense": "pinch",
"word": "дра́ска"
}
],
"lang": "East Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "dráska",
"word": "дра́ска"
},
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "drázga",
"word": "дра́зга"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "дра̏ска"
},
{
"lang": "Latin script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "drȁska"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh"
},
{
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"word": "drȃska"
}
],
"lang": "South Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "friction igniting side part of a matchbox",
"word": "draska"
}
],
"lang": "West Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*der-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰreb-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*draskati",
"3": "",
"4": "to scratch, to scrabble"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *draskati (“to scratch, to scrabble”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*der-",
"4": "*derH-",
"t": "to tear"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *derH- (“to tear”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰreb-",
"t": "to beat, to grind"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰreb- (“to beat, to grind”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "draskýti",
"3": "",
"4": "to tear apart"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian draskýti (“to tear apart”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Related or possibly back-formed from Proto-Slavic *draskati (“to scratch, to scrabble”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *derH- (“to tear”). Possibly, also influenced by Proto-Indo-European *dʰreb- (“to beat, to grind”). Akin to Lithuanian draskýti (“to tear apart”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dràska",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "*drazga",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "draska",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drascě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "drasky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drasky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drasku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "draskъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drascě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "draskama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "draskamъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "draskǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drascě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "drasky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "draskojǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "draskǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "draskama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "draskami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drascě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drasku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "draskasъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "draskaxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drasko",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "drascě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "drasky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/draska",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "derti"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "to tear",
"translation": "to tear",
"word": "dьrati"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "stair, spike",
"translation": "stair, spike",
"word": "drabъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "to scratch, to scrabble",
"translation": "to scratch, to scrabble",
"word": "drapati"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "track, trail, notch",
"translation": "track, trail, notch",
"word": "drasta"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"notch, scratch"
],
"id": "en-draska-sla-pro-noun-scnUc0sp",
"links": [
[
"notch",
"notch"
],
[
"scratch",
"scratch"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "44 56",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 78",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 65",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"wreck"
],
"id": "en-draska-sla-pro-noun-fkNT2amy",
"links": [
[
"wreck",
"wreck"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "draska"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *der-",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰreb-"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "drazga",
"sense": "freckle",
"word": "дразга"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "dráska",
"sense": "pinch",
"word": "дра́ска"
}
],
"lang": "East Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "dráska",
"word": "дра́ска"
},
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "drázga",
"word": "дра́зга"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "дра̏ска"
},
{
"lang": "Latin script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "drȁska"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh"
},
{
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"word": "drȃska"
}
],
"lang": "South Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "friction igniting side part of a matchbox",
"word": "draska"
}
],
"lang": "West Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*der-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰreb-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*draskati",
"3": "",
"4": "to scratch, to scrabble"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *draskati (“to scratch, to scrabble”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*der-",
"4": "*derH-",
"t": "to tear"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *derH- (“to tear”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰreb-",
"t": "to beat, to grind"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰreb- (“to beat, to grind”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "draskýti",
"3": "",
"4": "to tear apart"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian draskýti (“to tear apart”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Related or possibly back-formed from Proto-Slavic *draskati (“to scratch, to scrabble”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *derH- (“to tear”). Possibly, also influenced by Proto-Indo-European *dʰreb- (“to beat, to grind”). Akin to Lithuanian draskýti (“to tear apart”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dràska",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "*drazga",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "draska",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drascě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "drasky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drasky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drasku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "draskъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drascě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "draskama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "draskamъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "draskǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drascě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "drasky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "draskojǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "draskǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "draskama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "draskami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drascě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drasku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "draskasъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "draskaxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drasko",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "drascě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "drasky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/draska",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "derti"
},
{
"english": "to tear",
"translation": "to tear",
"word": "dьrati"
},
{
"english": "stair, spike",
"translation": "stair, spike",
"word": "drabъ"
},
{
"english": "to scratch, to scrabble",
"translation": "to scratch, to scrabble",
"word": "drapati"
},
{
"english": "track, trail, notch",
"translation": "track, trail, notch",
"word": "drasta"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"notch, scratch"
],
"links": [
[
"notch",
"notch"
],
[
"scratch",
"scratch"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"wreck"
],
"links": [
[
"wreck",
"wreck"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "draska"
}
Download raw JSONL data for draska meaning in Proto-Slavic (5.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-09-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-23 using wiktextract (20da82b and a97feda). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.