See dъlgъ in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "dowh",
"word": "доўг"
},
{
"lang": "Carpathian Rusyn",
"lang_code": "rue",
"roman": "dovh",
"word": "довг"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "dovh",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "довг"
}
],
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"roman": "dovh",
"word": "довгъ"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "dowh",
"word": "доўг"
},
{
"lang": "Carpathian Rusyn",
"lang_code": "rue",
"roman": "dovh",
"word": "довг"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "dovh",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "довг"
}
],
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"roman": "dolh",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "долгъ"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "dolg",
"word": "долг"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"raw_tags": [
"dialectal Soyana",
"Arkhangelsk Oblast"
],
"roman": "dológ",
"word": "доло́г"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"roman": "dŭlgŭ",
"word": "дългъ"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "dowh",
"word": "доўг"
},
{
"lang": "Carpathian Rusyn",
"lang_code": "rue",
"roman": "dovh",
"word": "довг"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "dovh",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "довг"
}
],
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"roman": "dovh",
"word": "довгъ"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "dowh",
"word": "доўг"
},
{
"lang": "Carpathian Rusyn",
"lang_code": "rue",
"roman": "dovh",
"word": "довг"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "dovh",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "довг"
}
],
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"roman": "dolh",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "долгъ"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "dolg",
"word": "долг"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"raw_tags": [
"dialectal Soyana",
"Arkhangelsk Oblast"
],
"roman": "dológ",
"word": "доло́г"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"roman": "dŭlŭgŭ",
"word": "дълъгъ"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "dowh",
"word": "доўг"
},
{
"lang": "Carpathian Rusyn",
"lang_code": "rue",
"roman": "dovh",
"word": "довг"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "dovh",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "довг"
}
],
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"roman": "dovh",
"word": "довгъ"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "dowh",
"word": "доўг"
},
{
"lang": "Carpathian Rusyn",
"lang_code": "rue",
"roman": "dovh",
"word": "довг"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "dovh",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "довг"
}
],
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"roman": "dolh",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "долгъ"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "dolg",
"word": "долг"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"raw_tags": [
"dialectal Soyana",
"Arkhangelsk Oblast"
],
"roman": "dológ",
"word": "доло́г"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"roman": "dolgŭ",
"word": "долгъ"
}
],
"lang": "East Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "cu",
"roman": "dlŭgŭ",
"word": "длъгъ"
},
{
"lang": "Glagolitic script",
"lang_code": "cu",
"roman": "dlŭgŭ",
"word": "ⰴⰾⱏⰳⱏ"
},
{
"lang": "Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "cu",
"roman": "dlŭgŭ",
"word": "длъгъ"
},
{
"lang": "Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "cu",
"raw_tags": [
"Russian recension"
],
"roman": "dŭlŭgŭ",
"word": "дълъгъ"
},
{
"lang": "Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "cu",
"roman": "dlĭgŭ",
"sense": "sin",
"word": "дльгъ"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"roman": "dloh",
"word": "длъ́гъ"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "dlŭgŭ",
"word": "длъгъ"
}
],
"lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "cu"
},
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "dǎlg",
"word": "дълг"
},
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "dlǎg",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "длъг"
},
{
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "dolg",
"word": "долг"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "ду̑г"
},
{
"lang": "Latin script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "dȗg"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh"
},
{
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "dolog"
}
],
"lang": "South Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "dluh"
},
{
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "dlux",
"word": "длухъ"
}
],
"lang": "Old Czech",
"lang_code": "zlw-ocs",
"word": "dluh"
},
{
"lang": "Polabian",
"lang_code": "pox",
"word": "dåu̯g"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "dług"
},
{
"lang": "Silesian",
"lang_code": "szl",
"word": "dug"
},
{
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "dlug",
"word": "длукгъ"
},
{
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "dlug",
"word": "длуґъ"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"word": "dług"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kashubian",
"lang_code": "csb",
"word": "dług"
},
{
"lang": "Slovincian",
"lang_code": "zlw-slv",
"word": "dlùg"
}
],
"lang": "Pomeranian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"word": "dlh"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"word": "dług"
},
{
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"lang_code": "hsb",
"word": "dołh"
}
],
"lang": "Sorbian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "West Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌲𐍃",
"3": "",
"4": "debt"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌲𐍃 (dulgs, “debt”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰlegʰ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰlegʰ-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*myto",
"3": "",
"4": "tax"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *myto (“tax”)",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Related to Gothic 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌲𐍃 (dulgs, “debt”):\n* Most Slavists (Vasmer, Trubačev, Snoj) presume a native origin, because of the mobile accent (atypical for Germanic loanwords). Machek proposes a Slavic origin for the Gothic term. Others usually consider a genetic kinship between the two, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dʰlegʰ-.\n* Germanists (Adolf Frans Emil Stender-Petersen, favoured by Pronk-Tiethoff) consider it a Gothic loanword, since other financial terminology in early Slavic was mostly of Germanic origin: e.g. Proto-Slavic *myto (“tax”), *lixva (“interest”), *pěnędzь (“coin”), *kupiti (“to purchase”). Lehmann speculates that both Gothic and Slavic terms may be Celtic loanwords.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dъ̑lgъ",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̃lgъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgà",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "dъldzì",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgà",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̃lgъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgòma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgòmъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̃lgъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgà",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgỳ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgъ̀mь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgòmь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgòma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̃lgy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dъldzě̀",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̃ldzěxъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlže",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgà",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dъldzì",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̑lgъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̑lga",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̑ldzi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̑lga",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̃lgъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̑lgu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgomà",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgòmъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̑lgъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̑lga",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̑lgy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̑lgъmь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̑lgomь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgomà",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgý",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̑ldzě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "dъldzě̃xъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlže",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̑lga",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̑ldzi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̑lgъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̑lgy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̑lgove",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̑lgu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgovù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgòvъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̑lgovi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgъmà",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̑lgъmъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̑lgъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̑lgy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̑lgy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̑lgъmь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgъmà",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgъmì",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgú",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgovù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̑lgъxъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̑lgy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̑lgove",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dъlgъ",
"ap": "b"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dъ̑lgъ",
"ap": "c"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dъ̑lgъ",
"ap": "c",
"stem": "u"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dъlgъ",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "to own",
"translation": "to own",
"word": "dъlžiti"
},
{
"english": "debtor",
"sense": "*dъlžьnъ (“obligated”)",
"translation": "debtor",
"word": "dъlžьnikъ"
}
],
"glosses": [
"debt"
],
"id": "en-dъlgъ-sla-pro-noun-ZS11-br7",
"links": [
[
"debt",
"debt"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj",
"Rick Derksen"
]
}
],
"word": "dъlgъ"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"english": "to own",
"translation": "to own",
"word": "dъlžiti"
},
{
"english": "debtor",
"sense": "*dъlžьnъ (“obligated”)",
"translation": "debtor",
"word": "dъlžьnikъ"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "dowh",
"word": "доўг"
},
{
"lang": "Carpathian Rusyn",
"lang_code": "rue",
"roman": "dovh",
"word": "довг"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "dovh",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "довг"
}
],
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"roman": "dovh",
"word": "довгъ"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "dowh",
"word": "доўг"
},
{
"lang": "Carpathian Rusyn",
"lang_code": "rue",
"roman": "dovh",
"word": "довг"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "dovh",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "довг"
}
],
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"roman": "dolh",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "долгъ"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "dolg",
"word": "долг"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"raw_tags": [
"dialectal Soyana",
"Arkhangelsk Oblast"
],
"roman": "dológ",
"word": "доло́г"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"roman": "dŭlgŭ",
"word": "дългъ"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "dowh",
"word": "доўг"
},
{
"lang": "Carpathian Rusyn",
"lang_code": "rue",
"roman": "dovh",
"word": "довг"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "dovh",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "довг"
}
],
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"roman": "dovh",
"word": "довгъ"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "dowh",
"word": "доўг"
},
{
"lang": "Carpathian Rusyn",
"lang_code": "rue",
"roman": "dovh",
"word": "довг"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "dovh",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "довг"
}
],
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"roman": "dolh",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "долгъ"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "dolg",
"word": "долг"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"raw_tags": [
"dialectal Soyana",
"Arkhangelsk Oblast"
],
"roman": "dológ",
"word": "доло́г"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"roman": "dŭlŭgŭ",
"word": "дълъгъ"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "dowh",
"word": "доўг"
},
{
"lang": "Carpathian Rusyn",
"lang_code": "rue",
"roman": "dovh",
"word": "довг"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "dovh",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "довг"
}
],
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"roman": "dovh",
"word": "довгъ"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "dowh",
"word": "доўг"
},
{
"lang": "Carpathian Rusyn",
"lang_code": "rue",
"roman": "dovh",
"word": "довг"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "dovh",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "довг"
}
],
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"roman": "dolh",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "долгъ"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "dolg",
"word": "долг"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"raw_tags": [
"dialectal Soyana",
"Arkhangelsk Oblast"
],
"roman": "dológ",
"word": "доло́г"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"roman": "dolgŭ",
"word": "долгъ"
}
],
"lang": "East Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "cu",
"roman": "dlŭgŭ",
"word": "длъгъ"
},
{
"lang": "Glagolitic script",
"lang_code": "cu",
"roman": "dlŭgŭ",
"word": "ⰴⰾⱏⰳⱏ"
},
{
"lang": "Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "cu",
"roman": "dlŭgŭ",
"word": "длъгъ"
},
{
"lang": "Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "cu",
"raw_tags": [
"Russian recension"
],
"roman": "dŭlŭgŭ",
"word": "дълъгъ"
},
{
"lang": "Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "cu",
"roman": "dlĭgŭ",
"sense": "sin",
"word": "дльгъ"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"roman": "dloh",
"word": "длъ́гъ"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "dlŭgŭ",
"word": "длъгъ"
}
],
"lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "cu"
},
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "dǎlg",
"word": "дълг"
},
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "dlǎg",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "длъг"
},
{
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "dolg",
"word": "долг"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "ду̑г"
},
{
"lang": "Latin script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "dȗg"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh"
},
{
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "dolog"
}
],
"lang": "South Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "dluh"
},
{
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "dlux",
"word": "длухъ"
}
],
"lang": "Old Czech",
"lang_code": "zlw-ocs",
"word": "dluh"
},
{
"lang": "Polabian",
"lang_code": "pox",
"word": "dåu̯g"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "dług"
},
{
"lang": "Silesian",
"lang_code": "szl",
"word": "dug"
},
{
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "dlug",
"word": "длукгъ"
},
{
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "dlug",
"word": "длуґъ"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"word": "dług"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kashubian",
"lang_code": "csb",
"word": "dług"
},
{
"lang": "Slovincian",
"lang_code": "zlw-slv",
"word": "dlùg"
}
],
"lang": "Pomeranian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"word": "dlh"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"word": "dług"
},
{
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"lang_code": "hsb",
"word": "dołh"
}
],
"lang": "Sorbian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "West Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌲𐍃",
"3": "",
"4": "debt"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌲𐍃 (dulgs, “debt”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰlegʰ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰlegʰ-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*myto",
"3": "",
"4": "tax"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *myto (“tax”)",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Related to Gothic 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌲𐍃 (dulgs, “debt”):\n* Most Slavists (Vasmer, Trubačev, Snoj) presume a native origin, because of the mobile accent (atypical for Germanic loanwords). Machek proposes a Slavic origin for the Gothic term. Others usually consider a genetic kinship between the two, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dʰlegʰ-.\n* Germanists (Adolf Frans Emil Stender-Petersen, favoured by Pronk-Tiethoff) consider it a Gothic loanword, since other financial terminology in early Slavic was mostly of Germanic origin: e.g. Proto-Slavic *myto (“tax”), *lixva (“interest”), *pěnędzь (“coin”), *kupiti (“to purchase”). Lehmann speculates that both Gothic and Slavic terms may be Celtic loanwords.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dъ̑lgъ",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̃lgъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgà",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "dъldzì",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgà",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̃lgъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgòma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgòmъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̃lgъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgà",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgỳ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgъ̀mь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgòmь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgòma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̃lgy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dъldzě̀",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̃ldzěxъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlže",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgà",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dъldzì",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̑lgъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̑lga",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̑ldzi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̑lga",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̃lgъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̑lgu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgomà",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgòmъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̑lgъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̑lga",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̑lgy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̑lgъmь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̑lgomь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgomà",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgý",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̑ldzě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "dъldzě̃xъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlže",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̑lga",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̑ldzi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̑lgъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̑lgy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̑lgove",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̑lgu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgovù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgòvъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̑lgovi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgъmà",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̑lgъmъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̑lgъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̑lgy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̑lgy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̑lgъmь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgъmà",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgъmì",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgú",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgovù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̑lgъxъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dъlgu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̑lgy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dъ̑lgove",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dъlgъ",
"ap": "b"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dъ̑lgъ",
"ap": "c"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dъ̑lgъ",
"ap": "c",
"stem": "u"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dъlgъ",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic hard masculine o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b",
"Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic u-stem nouns",
"sla-pro:Money"
],
"glosses": [
"debt"
],
"links": [
[
"debt",
"debt"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj",
"Rick Derksen"
]
}
],
"word": "dъlgъ"
}
Download raw JSONL data for dъlgъ meaning in Proto-Slavic (13.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-10-07 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-10-01 using wiktextract (19bd8d3 and 1ab82da). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.