borьba in Proto-Slavic

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Etymology: From *borti (“to fight”) + *-ьba. Etymology templates: {{root|sla-pro|ine-pro|*bʰerH-|id=pierce}}, {{af|sla-pro|*borti|*-ьba|t1=to fight}} *borti (“to fight”) + *-ьba Inflection templates: {{sla-decl-noun|borьba|g=f}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], borьba [nominative, singular], borьbě [dual, nominative], borьby [nominative, plural], borьby [genitive, singular], borьbu [dual, genitive], borьbъ [genitive, plural], borьbě [dative, singular], borьbama [dative, dual], borьbamъ [dative, plural], borьbǫ [accusative, singular], borьbě [accusative, dual], borьby [accusative, plural], borьbojǫ [instrumental, singular], borьbǫ [instrumental, singular], borьbama [dual, instrumental], borьbami [instrumental, plural], borьbě [locative, singular], borьbu [dual, locative], borьbasъ [locative, plural], borьbaxъ [locative, plural], borьbo [singular, vocative], borьbě [dual, vocative], borьby [plural, vocative]

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{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Russian",
              "lang_code": "ru",
              "roman": "borʹbá",
              "word": "борьба́"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Polish",
                  "lang_code": "pl",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "borba"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Ukrainian",
              "lang_code": "uk",
              "roman": "borbá",
              "word": "борба́"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old East Slavic",
          "lang_code": "orv",
          "roman": "borĭba",
          "word": "борьба"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "East Slavic",
      "lang_code": "unknown"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "lang_code": "bg",
          "roman": "borbá",
          "word": "борба́"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "lang_code": "mk",
          "roman": "borba",
          "word": "борба"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Cyrillic script",
              "lang_code": "sh",
              "word": "бо̀рба"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Latin script",
              "lang_code": "sh",
              "word": "bòrba"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "lang_code": "sh"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "South Slavic",
      "lang_code": "unknown"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "lang_code": "sk",
          "word": "borba"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Kashubian",
          "lang_code": "csb",
          "sense": "brawl, melee",
          "word": "bórzba"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "West Slavic",
      "lang_code": "unknown"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰerH-",
        "id": "pierce"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*borti",
        "3": "*-ьba",
        "t1": "to fight"
      },
      "expansion": "*borti (“to fight”) + *-ьba",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From *borti (“to fight”) + *-ьba.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-decl-noun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borьba",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borьbě",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borьby",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borьby",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borьbu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borьbъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borьbě",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borьbama",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borьbamъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borьbǫ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borьbě",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borьby",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borьbojǫ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borьbǫ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borьbama",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borьbami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borьbě",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borьbu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borьbasъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borьbaxъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borьbo",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borьbě",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borьby",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "borьba",
        "g": "f"
      },
      "name": "sla-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/borьba",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ьba",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "clash, fight"
      ],
      "id": "en-borьba-sla-pro-noun-2za0QxdW",
      "links": [
        [
          "clash",
          "clash"
        ],
        [
          "fight",
          "fight"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "borьba"
}

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{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Russian",
              "lang_code": "ru",
              "roman": "borʹbá",
              "word": "борьба́"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Polish",
                  "lang_code": "pl",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "borba"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Ukrainian",
              "lang_code": "uk",
              "roman": "borbá",
              "word": "борба́"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old East Slavic",
          "lang_code": "orv",
          "roman": "borĭba",
          "word": "борьба"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "East Slavic",
      "lang_code": "unknown"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "lang_code": "bg",
          "roman": "borbá",
          "word": "борба́"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "lang_code": "mk",
          "roman": "borba",
          "word": "борба"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Cyrillic script",
              "lang_code": "sh",
              "word": "бо̀рба"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Latin script",
              "lang_code": "sh",
              "word": "bòrba"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "lang_code": "sh"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "South Slavic",
      "lang_code": "unknown"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "lang_code": "sk",
          "word": "borba"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Kashubian",
          "lang_code": "csb",
          "sense": "brawl, melee",
          "word": "bórzba"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "West Slavic",
      "lang_code": "unknown"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰerH-",
        "id": "pierce"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*borti",
        "3": "*-ьba",
        "t1": "to fight"
      },
      "expansion": "*borti (“to fight”) + *-ьba",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From *borti (“to fight”) + *-ьba.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-decl-noun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borьba",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borьbě",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borьby",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borьby",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borьbu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borьbъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borьbě",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borьbama",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borьbamъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borьbǫ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borьbě",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borьby",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borьbojǫ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borьbǫ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borьbama",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borьbami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borьbě",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borьbu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borьbasъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borьbaxъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borьbo",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borьbě",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borьby",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "borьba",
        "g": "f"
      },
      "name": "sla-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/borьba",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Slavic feminine nouns",
        "Proto-Slavic hard a-stem nouns",
        "Proto-Slavic lemmas",
        "Proto-Slavic nouns",
        "Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰerH- (pierce)",
        "Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ьba"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "clash, fight"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "clash",
          "clash"
        ],
        [
          "fight",
          "fight"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "borьba"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-09-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-23 using wiktextract (20da82b and a97feda). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"borьba" meaning in Proto-Slavic

Noun