See aby in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*(h₁)ōd",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/(h₁)ōd"
],
[
"*ō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/ō#Proto-Balto-Slavic:_and"
],
[
"*a",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/a#Proto-Slavic:_conj"
],
[
"*bʰuH-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰuH-#Proto-Indo-European:_be"
],
[
"*-t",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-t"
],
[
"*bʰúHt",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰúHt#Proto-Indo-European:_become"
],
[
"*h₁es-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁es-#Proto-Indo-European:_be"
],
[
"*h₁ésti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁ésti#Proto-Indo-European:_be"
],
[
"*bū́ˀtei",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/bū́ˀtei#Proto-Balto-Slavic:_to_be"
],
[
"*byti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/byti#Proto-Slavic:_to_be"
],
[
"*by",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/by"
],
[
"*a",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/a#Proto-Slavic:_conj"
],
[
"*by",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/by"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": ":univ",
"3": "*a<id:conj>",
"4": "*by",
"text": "+",
"tree": "+"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *(h₁)ōd\nProto-Balto-Slavic *ō\nProto-Slavic *a\nProto-Indo-European *bʰuH-\nProto-Indo-European *-t\nProto-Indo-European *bʰúHt\nProto-Indo-European *h₁es-\nProto-Indo-European *h₁ésti\nProto-Balto-Slavic *bū́ˀtei\nProto-Slavic *byti\nProto-Slavic *by\nuniv.\nProto-Slavic *aby\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*ō\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*a\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to be\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to be\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"become\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"be\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*bʰuH-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-t\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*bʰúHt\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"be\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"be\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₁es-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₁ésti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*bū́ˀtei\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*byti\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*by\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Univerbation of\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"univerbation\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*aby\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }\" data-lang=\"sla-pro\" data-title=\"*aby\">\nUniverbation of *a + *by.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *(h₁)ōd\nProto-Balto-Slavic *ō\nProto-Slavic *a\nProto-Indo-European *bʰuH-\nProto-Indo-European *-t\nProto-Indo-European *bʰúHt\nProto-Indo-European *h₁es-\nProto-Indo-European *h₁ésti\nProto-Balto-Slavic *bū́ˀtei\nProto-Slavic *byti\nProto-Slavic *by\nuniv.\nProto-Slavic *aby\nUniverbation of *a + *by.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "particle",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "*aby",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "*aby",
"name": "sla-part"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/aby",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"as long as"
],
"id": "en-aby-sla-pro-particle-xivImyrC",
"links": [
[
"as long as",
"as long as"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "aby"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "aby",
"word": "абы"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "abý",
"word": "аби́"
}
],
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"roman": "aby",
"word": "абы"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "abý",
"word": "абы́"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "áby",
"word": "а́бы"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"roman": "aby",
"word": "абꙑ"
},
{
"lang": "Old Novgorodian",
"lang_code": "zle-ono",
"roman": "aby",
"word": "абꙑ"
}
],
"lang": "East Slavic",
"lang_code": "zle"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "cu",
"roman": "aby",
"word": "абꙑ"
}
],
"lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "cu"
}
],
"lang": "South Slavic",
"lang_code": "zls"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "aby"
}
],
"lang": "Old Czech",
"lang_code": "zlw-ocs",
"word": "aby"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "aby"
},
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"tags": [
"Łowicz"
],
"word": "jaby"
},
{
"lang": "Silesian",
"lang_code": "szl",
"word": "aby"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"word": "aby"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kashubian",
"lang_code": "csb",
"word": "abë"
}
],
"lang": "Pomeranian",
"lang_code": "zlw-pom"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"word": "aby"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"word": "aby"
},
{
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"lang_code": "hsb",
"word": "aby"
}
],
"lang": "Sorbian",
"lang_code": "wen"
}
],
"lang": "West Slavic",
"lang_code": "zlw"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*(h₁)ōd",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/(h₁)ōd"
],
[
"*ō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/ō#Proto-Balto-Slavic:_and"
],
[
"*a",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/a#Proto-Slavic:_conj"
],
[
"*bʰuH-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰuH-#Proto-Indo-European:_be"
],
[
"*-t",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-t"
],
[
"*bʰúHt",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰúHt#Proto-Indo-European:_become"
],
[
"*h₁es-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁es-#Proto-Indo-European:_be"
],
[
"*h₁ésti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁ésti#Proto-Indo-European:_be"
],
[
"*bū́ˀtei",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/bū́ˀtei#Proto-Balto-Slavic:_to_be"
],
[
"*byti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/byti#Proto-Slavic:_to_be"
],
[
"*by",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/by"
],
[
"*a",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/a#Proto-Slavic:_conj"
],
[
"*by",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/by"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": ":univ",
"3": "*a<id:conj>",
"4": "*by",
"text": "+",
"tree": "+"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *(h₁)ōd\nProto-Balto-Slavic *ō\nProto-Slavic *a\nProto-Indo-European *bʰuH-\nProto-Indo-European *-t\nProto-Indo-European *bʰúHt\nProto-Indo-European *h₁es-\nProto-Indo-European *h₁ésti\nProto-Balto-Slavic *bū́ˀtei\nProto-Slavic *byti\nProto-Slavic *by\nuniv.\nProto-Slavic *aby\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*ō\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*a\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to be\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to be\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"become\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"be\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*bʰuH-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-t\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*bʰúHt\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"be\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"be\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₁es-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₁ésti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*bū́ˀtei\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*byti\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*by\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Univerbation of\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"univerbation\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*aby\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }\" data-lang=\"sla-pro\" data-title=\"*aby\">\nUniverbation of *a + *by.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *(h₁)ōd\nProto-Balto-Slavic *ō\nProto-Slavic *a\nProto-Indo-European *bʰuH-\nProto-Indo-European *-t\nProto-Indo-European *bʰúHt\nProto-Indo-European *h₁es-\nProto-Indo-European *h₁ésti\nProto-Balto-Slavic *bū́ˀtei\nProto-Slavic *byti\nProto-Slavic *by\nuniv.\nProto-Slavic *aby\nUniverbation of *a + *by.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "conjunction",
"cat2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "*aby",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "*aby",
"name": "sla-con"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/aby",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic univerbations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"so that, in order to"
],
"id": "en-aby-sla-pro-conj-N4PYnW6L",
"links": [
[
"so that",
"so that"
],
[
"in order to",
"in order to"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "aby"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Proto-Slavic compound terms",
"Proto-Slavic conjunctions",
"Proto-Slavic entries with etymology texts",
"Proto-Slavic entries with etymology trees",
"Proto-Slavic entries with etymon",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic particles",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰuH-",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁es-",
"Proto-Slavic univerbations"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*(h₁)ōd",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/(h₁)ōd"
],
[
"*ō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/ō#Proto-Balto-Slavic:_and"
],
[
"*a",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/a#Proto-Slavic:_conj"
],
[
"*bʰuH-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰuH-#Proto-Indo-European:_be"
],
[
"*-t",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-t"
],
[
"*bʰúHt",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰúHt#Proto-Indo-European:_become"
],
[
"*h₁es-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁es-#Proto-Indo-European:_be"
],
[
"*h₁ésti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁ésti#Proto-Indo-European:_be"
],
[
"*bū́ˀtei",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/bū́ˀtei#Proto-Balto-Slavic:_to_be"
],
[
"*byti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/byti#Proto-Slavic:_to_be"
],
[
"*by",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/by"
],
[
"*a",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/a#Proto-Slavic:_conj"
],
[
"*by",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/by"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": ":univ",
"3": "*a<id:conj>",
"4": "*by",
"text": "+",
"tree": "+"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *(h₁)ōd\nProto-Balto-Slavic *ō\nProto-Slavic *a\nProto-Indo-European *bʰuH-\nProto-Indo-European *-t\nProto-Indo-European *bʰúHt\nProto-Indo-European *h₁es-\nProto-Indo-European *h₁ésti\nProto-Balto-Slavic *bū́ˀtei\nProto-Slavic *byti\nProto-Slavic *by\nuniv.\nProto-Slavic *aby\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*ō\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*a\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to be\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to be\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"become\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"be\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*bʰuH-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-t\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*bʰúHt\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"be\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"be\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₁es-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₁ésti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*bū́ˀtei\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*byti\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*by\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Univerbation of\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"univerbation\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*aby\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }\" data-lang=\"sla-pro\" data-title=\"*aby\">\nUniverbation of *a + *by.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *(h₁)ōd\nProto-Balto-Slavic *ō\nProto-Slavic *a\nProto-Indo-European *bʰuH-\nProto-Indo-European *-t\nProto-Indo-European *bʰúHt\nProto-Indo-European *h₁es-\nProto-Indo-European *h₁ésti\nProto-Balto-Slavic *bū́ˀtei\nProto-Slavic *byti\nProto-Slavic *by\nuniv.\nProto-Slavic *aby\nUniverbation of *a + *by.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "particle",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "*aby",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "*aby",
"name": "sla-part"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/aby",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"as long as"
],
"links": [
[
"as long as",
"as long as"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "aby"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Proto-Slavic compound terms",
"Proto-Slavic conjunctions",
"Proto-Slavic entries with etymology texts",
"Proto-Slavic entries with etymology trees",
"Proto-Slavic entries with etymon",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic particles",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰuH-",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁es-",
"Proto-Slavic univerbations"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "aby",
"word": "абы"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "abý",
"word": "аби́"
}
],
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"roman": "aby",
"word": "абы"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "abý",
"word": "абы́"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "áby",
"word": "а́бы"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"roman": "aby",
"word": "абꙑ"
},
{
"lang": "Old Novgorodian",
"lang_code": "zle-ono",
"roman": "aby",
"word": "абꙑ"
}
],
"lang": "East Slavic",
"lang_code": "zle"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "cu",
"roman": "aby",
"word": "абꙑ"
}
],
"lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "cu"
}
],
"lang": "South Slavic",
"lang_code": "zls"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "aby"
}
],
"lang": "Old Czech",
"lang_code": "zlw-ocs",
"word": "aby"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "aby"
},
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"tags": [
"Łowicz"
],
"word": "jaby"
},
{
"lang": "Silesian",
"lang_code": "szl",
"word": "aby"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"word": "aby"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kashubian",
"lang_code": "csb",
"word": "abë"
}
],
"lang": "Pomeranian",
"lang_code": "zlw-pom"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"word": "aby"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"word": "aby"
},
{
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"lang_code": "hsb",
"word": "aby"
}
],
"lang": "Sorbian",
"lang_code": "wen"
}
],
"lang": "West Slavic",
"lang_code": "zlw"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*(h₁)ōd",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/(h₁)ōd"
],
[
"*ō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/ō#Proto-Balto-Slavic:_and"
],
[
"*a",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/a#Proto-Slavic:_conj"
],
[
"*bʰuH-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰuH-#Proto-Indo-European:_be"
],
[
"*-t",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-t"
],
[
"*bʰúHt",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰúHt#Proto-Indo-European:_become"
],
[
"*h₁es-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁es-#Proto-Indo-European:_be"
],
[
"*h₁ésti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁ésti#Proto-Indo-European:_be"
],
[
"*bū́ˀtei",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/bū́ˀtei#Proto-Balto-Slavic:_to_be"
],
[
"*byti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/byti#Proto-Slavic:_to_be"
],
[
"*by",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/by"
],
[
"*a",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/a#Proto-Slavic:_conj"
],
[
"*by",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/by"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": ":univ",
"3": "*a<id:conj>",
"4": "*by",
"text": "+",
"tree": "+"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *(h₁)ōd\nProto-Balto-Slavic *ō\nProto-Slavic *a\nProto-Indo-European *bʰuH-\nProto-Indo-European *-t\nProto-Indo-European *bʰúHt\nProto-Indo-European *h₁es-\nProto-Indo-European *h₁ésti\nProto-Balto-Slavic *bū́ˀtei\nProto-Slavic *byti\nProto-Slavic *by\nuniv.\nProto-Slavic *aby\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*ō\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*a\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to be\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to be\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"become\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"be\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*bʰuH-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-t\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*bʰúHt\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"be\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"be\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₁es-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₁ésti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*bū́ˀtei\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*byti\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*by\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Univerbation of\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"univerbation\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*aby\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }\" data-lang=\"sla-pro\" data-title=\"*aby\">\nUniverbation of *a + *by.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *(h₁)ōd\nProto-Balto-Slavic *ō\nProto-Slavic *a\nProto-Indo-European *bʰuH-\nProto-Indo-European *-t\nProto-Indo-European *bʰúHt\nProto-Indo-European *h₁es-\nProto-Indo-European *h₁ésti\nProto-Balto-Slavic *bū́ˀtei\nProto-Slavic *byti\nProto-Slavic *by\nuniv.\nProto-Slavic *aby\nUniverbation of *a + *by.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "conjunction",
"cat2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "*aby",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "*aby",
"name": "sla-con"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/aby",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"so that, in order to"
],
"links": [
[
"so that",
"so that"
],
[
"in order to",
"in order to"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "aby"
}
Download raw JSONL data for aby meaning in Proto-Slavic (11.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.