See -ostь in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for -ostь meaning in Proto-Slavic (6.7kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "-асць"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: -асць (-ascʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: -асць (-ascʹ) (unstressed), -осць (-oscʹ) (stressed) (obsolete spellings: -асьць (-asʹcʹ)/-осьць (-osʹcʹ))"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "-ость"
},
"expansion": "Russian: -ость (-ostʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: -ость (-ostʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "-ість"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: -ість (-istʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: -ість (-istʹ) (genitive: -ості (-osti))"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Cyrillic: -ость (-ostĭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Glagolitic: -ⱁⱄⱅⱐ (-ostĭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "-ост"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: -ост (-ost)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: -ост (-ost)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "-ост"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: -ост (-ost)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: -ост (-ost)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-ост",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: -ост",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: -ост"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-ost",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: -ost",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: -ost"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "-ost"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: -ost",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: -ost"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "-ost"
},
"expansion": "Czech: -ost",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: -ost"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "-osć"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: -osć",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: -osć"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "-ość"
},
"expansion": "Polish: -ość",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: -ość"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "-osť"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: -osť",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: -osť"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "-osć"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: -osć",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: -osć"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*-astis"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *-astis",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*-Hostis"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-Hostis",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "-astis"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian -astis",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"tr": "-ašti"
},
"expansion": "Hittite [script needed] (-ašti)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *-astis, from Proto-Indo-European *-Hostis. Cognate with Lithuanian -astis.\nThere are several theories of origin:\n* Cognate with Hittite [script needed] (-ašti) (in [script needed] n (dalugašti-, “length”) < [script needed] pl (dalugaeš, “long”, adj.)).\n* According to Halla-Aho, by double suffixation */-ot-tь/. e.g. *dobrъ → *dobrota → *dobrostь.\nHas a reconstructed valence “−” (minus), that is, the accent paradigm c.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "i-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "c",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "-ȍstь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ȍsti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ȍsti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ostí",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ostьjù",
"roman": "-osťu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ostь̀jь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ȍsti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ostьmà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-ȍstьmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ȍstь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ȍsti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-ȍsti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ostьjǫ́",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ostьmà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "-ostьmì",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ostí",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ostьjù",
"roman": "-osťu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ȍstьxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-osti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ȍsti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ȍsti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"ap": "c",
"g": "f"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ostь",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "čìstъ + *-ostь → *čìstostь",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "jȗnъ + *-ostь → *junostь",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "krě̑pъ + *-ostь → *krě̑postь",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "mǫ̃drъ + *-ostь → *mǫdròstь",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ràdъ + *-ostь → *ràdostь",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "stàrъ + *-ostь → *stàrostь",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used with adjectival stems to form abstract nouns; -ness"
],
"id": "en--ostь-sla-pro-suffix-zmk4i-Ht",
"links": [
[
"-ness",
"-ness#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "after soft, palatal consonants",
"word": "-estь"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-ostь"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "-асць"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: -асць (-ascʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: -асць (-ascʹ) (unstressed), -осць (-oscʹ) (stressed) (obsolete spellings: -асьць (-asʹcʹ)/-осьць (-osʹcʹ))"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "-ость"
},
"expansion": "Russian: -ость (-ostʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: -ость (-ostʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "-ість"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: -ість (-istʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: -ість (-istʹ) (genitive: -ості (-osti))"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Cyrillic: -ость (-ostĭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Glagolitic: -ⱁⱄⱅⱐ (-ostĭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "-ост"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: -ост (-ost)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: -ост (-ost)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "-ост"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: -ост (-ost)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: -ост (-ost)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-ост",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: -ост",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: -ост"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-ost",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: -ost",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: -ost"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "-ost"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: -ost",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: -ost"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "-ost"
},
"expansion": "Czech: -ost",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: -ost"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "-osć"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: -osć",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: -osć"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "-ość"
},
"expansion": "Polish: -ość",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: -ość"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "-osť"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: -osť",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: -osť"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "-osć"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: -osć",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: -osć"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*-astis"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *-astis",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*-Hostis"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-Hostis",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "-astis"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian -astis",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"tr": "-ašti"
},
"expansion": "Hittite [script needed] (-ašti)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *-astis, from Proto-Indo-European *-Hostis. Cognate with Lithuanian -astis.\nThere are several theories of origin:\n* Cognate with Hittite [script needed] (-ašti) (in [script needed] n (dalugašti-, “length”) < [script needed] pl (dalugaeš, “long”, adj.)).\n* According to Halla-Aho, by double suffixation */-ot-tь/. e.g. *dobrъ → *dobrota → *dobrostь.\nHas a reconstructed valence “−” (minus), that is, the accent paradigm c.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "i-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "c",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "-ȍstь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ȍsti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ȍsti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ostí",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ostьjù",
"roman": "-osťu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ostь̀jь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ȍsti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ostьmà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-ȍstьmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ȍstь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ȍsti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-ȍsti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ostьjǫ́",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ostьmà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "-ostьmì",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ostí",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ostьjù",
"roman": "-osťu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ȍstьxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-osti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ȍsti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ȍsti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"ap": "c",
"g": "f"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ostь",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic feminine i-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic feminine suffixes",
"Proto-Slavic i-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c",
"Proto-Slavic noun-forming suffixes",
"Proto-Slavic suffixes"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "čìstъ + *-ostь → *čìstostь",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "jȗnъ + *-ostь → *junostь",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "krě̑pъ + *-ostь → *krě̑postь",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "mǫ̃drъ + *-ostь → *mǫdròstь",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ràdъ + *-ostь → *ràdostь",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "stàrъ + *-ostь → *stàrostь",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used with adjectival stems to form abstract nouns; -ness"
],
"links": [
[
"-ness",
"-ness#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "after soft, palatal consonants",
"word": "-estь"
}
],
"word": "-ostь"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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