"žezlъ" meaning in Proto-Slavic

See žezlъ in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

Etymology: Uncertain. Potential etymologies include: * Pedersen, Mladenov (tentatively considered by Derksen, Vasmer): Cognate with Old High German kegil (“stake”), perhaps from reduplication of hypothetical Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰel-. See also Lithuanian žalgà (“long stake”), Proto-Germanic *galgô (“gallow”), Old Armenian ձաղկ (jałk, “rod, twig”), possibly of substrate origin. * Trubačev, Machek, Snoj: From Proto-Indo-European *gʷislóm, cognate with Old Armenian ճիւղ (čiwł, “branch, twig”), possibly Old Norse kvísl (“fork”) (which however exhibits long -ī-) and akin to Proto-Slavic *žila (“sinew”), Proto-Slavic *žica (“thread”). Within this hypothesis, -z- in Slavic is problematic. * Georgiev: Possibly from an earlier Proto-Slavic *žeglъ (“branding needle, rod”), from *žeg- (“to heat”) + *-lъ (instrumental suffix), with progressive assimilation of *-g- > *-z- or -ž- (in Serbo-Croatian) after *ž-. Such a lemma is attested in dialectal Bulgarian же́гъл (žégǎl), же́гла (žégla). See references for further discussion. Etymology templates: {{unc|sla-pro}} Uncertain, {{cog|goh|kegil||stake}} Old High German kegil (“stake”), {{inh|sla-pro|ine-pro|*ǵʰel-}} Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰel-, {{cog|lt|žalgà||long stake}} Lithuanian žalgà (“long stake”), {{cog|gem-pro|*galgô||gallow}} Proto-Germanic *galgô (“gallow”), {{cog|xcl|ձաղկ||rod, twig}} Old Armenian ձաղկ (jałk, “rod, twig”), {{inh|sla-pro|ine-pro|*gʷislóm}} Proto-Indo-European *gʷislóm, {{cog|xcl|ճիւղ||branch, twig}} Old Armenian ճիւղ (čiwł, “branch, twig”), {{cog|non|kvísl||fork}} Old Norse kvísl (“fork”), {{cog|sla-pro|*žila||sinew}} Proto-Slavic *žila (“sinew”), {{cog|sla-pro|*žica||thread}} Proto-Slavic *žica (“thread”), {{cog|sla-pro|*žeglъ||branding needle, rod}} Proto-Slavic *žeglъ (“branding needle, rod”), {{affix|sla-pro|*žeťi|*-lъ|alt1=*žeg-|nocat=1|qq2=instrumental suffix|t1=to heat}} *žeg- (“to heat”) + *-lъ (instrumental suffix), {{cog|bg|же́гъл}} Bulgarian же́гъл (žégǎl) Inflection templates: {{sla-decl-noun|ap=b}} Forms: žèzlъ [canonical, neuter], no-table-tags [table-tags], b [accent-paradigm], žèzlъ [nominative, singular], žezlà [dual, nominative], žezlì [nominative, plural], žezlà [genitive, singular], žezlù [dual, genitive], žèzlъ [genitive, plural], žezlù [dative, singular], žezlòma [dative, dual], žezlòmъ [dative, plural], žèzlъ [accusative, singular], žezlà [accusative, dual], žezlỳ [accusative, plural], žezlъ̀mь [instrumental, singular], žezlòmь [instrumental, singular], žezlòma [dual, instrumental], žèzly [instrumental, plural], žezlě̀ [locative, singular], žezlù [dual, locative], žèzlěxъ [locative, plural], žezle [singular, vocative], žezlà [dual, vocative], žezlì [plural, vocative]
  1. stick, staff, rod Wikipedia link: Marko Snoj, Rick Derksen Tags: reconstruction Synonyms: *palъka, *prǫtъ, žьzlъ, žьzlь (in OCS), žezlò [neuter] Related terms: žigъ (english: brand) [possibly]
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "жезл",
            "3": "жезе́л"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: жезл (žezl), жезе́л (žezél)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "folkloric, rare"
          },
          "expansion": "(folkloric, rare)",
          "name": "i"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: жезл (žezl), жезе́л (žezél) (folkloric, rare)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lv",
            "2": "zizls",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "stick"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Latvian: zizls (“stick”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Latvian: zizls (“stick”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "жезл"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: жезл (žezl)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: жезл (žezl)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "жьзлъ"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic: жьзлъ (žĭzlŭ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Church Slavonic: жьзлъ (žĭzlŭ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "жьзлиѥ",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Old Church Slavonic: жьзлиѥ (žĭzlije)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Old Church Slavonic: жьзлиѥ (žĭzlije)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "же́зъл"
          },
          "expansion": "Bulgarian: же́зъл (žézǎl)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bulgarian: же́зъл (žézǎl)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mk",
            "2": "жезол"
          },
          "expansion": "Macedonian: жезол (žezol)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Macedonian: жезол (žezol)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "же́жељ",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Cyrillic script: же́жељ",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Cyrillic script: же́жељ, жѐзло"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "žéželj",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin script: žéželj",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin script: žéželj, žèzlo"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "žezlo"
          },
          "expansion": "Czech: žezlo",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Czech: žezlo"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "жазло́",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Belarusian: жазло́ (žazló)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Belarusian: жазло́ (žazló)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sl",
            "2": "žézlo",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Slovene: žézlo",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Slovene: žézlo"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sk",
            "2": "žezlo"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovak: žezlo",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovak: žezlo"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro"
      },
      "expansion": "Uncertain",
      "name": "unc"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "kegil",
        "3": "",
        "4": "stake"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German kegil (“stake”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵʰel-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰel-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "žalgà",
        "3": "",
        "4": "long stake"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian žalgà (“long stake”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*galgô",
        "3": "",
        "4": "gallow"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *galgô (“gallow”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "ձաղկ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "rod, twig"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian ձաղկ (jałk, “rod, twig”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʷislóm"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷislóm",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "ճիւղ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "branch, twig"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian ճիւղ (čiwł, “branch, twig”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "kvísl",
        "3": "",
        "4": "fork"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse kvísl (“fork”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*žila",
        "3": "",
        "4": "sinew"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *žila (“sinew”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*žica",
        "3": "",
        "4": "thread"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *žica (“thread”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*žeglъ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "branding needle, rod"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *žeglъ (“branding needle, rod”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*žeťi",
        "3": "*-lъ",
        "alt1": "*žeg-",
        "nocat": "1",
        "qq2": "instrumental suffix",
        "t1": "to heat"
      },
      "expansion": "*žeg- (“to heat”) + *-lъ (instrumental suffix)",
      "name": "affix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bg",
        "2": "же́гъл"
      },
      "expansion": "Bulgarian же́гъл (žégǎl)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Uncertain. Potential etymologies include:\n* Pedersen, Mladenov (tentatively considered by Derksen, Vasmer): Cognate with Old High German kegil (“stake”), perhaps from reduplication of hypothetical Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰel-. See also Lithuanian žalgà (“long stake”), Proto-Germanic *galgô (“gallow”), Old Armenian ձաղկ (jałk, “rod, twig”), possibly of substrate origin.\n* Trubačev, Machek, Snoj: From Proto-Indo-European *gʷislóm, cognate with Old Armenian ճիւղ (čiwł, “branch, twig”), possibly Old Norse kvísl (“fork”) (which however exhibits long -ī-) and akin to Proto-Slavic *žila (“sinew”), Proto-Slavic *žica (“thread”). Within this hypothesis, -z- in Slavic is problematic.\n* Georgiev: Possibly from an earlier Proto-Slavic *žeglъ (“branding needle, rod”), from *žeg- (“to heat”) + *-lъ (instrumental suffix), with progressive assimilation of *-g- > *-z- or -ž- (in Serbo-Croatian) after *ž-. Such a lemma is attested in dialectal Bulgarian же́гъл (žégǎl), же́гла (žégla).\nSee references for further discussion.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "žèzlъ",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-decl-noun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "o-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "b",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "žèzlъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "žezlà",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "žezlì",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "žezlà",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "žezlù",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "žèzlъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "žezlù",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "žezlòma",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "žezlòmъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "žèzlъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "žezlà",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "žezlỳ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "žezlъ̀mь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "žezlòmь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "žezlòma",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "žèzly",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "žezlě̀",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "žezlù",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "žèzlěxъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "žezle",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "žezlà",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "žezlì",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "ap": "b"
      },
      "name": "sla-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/žezlъ",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "stick, staff, rod"
      ],
      "id": "en-žezlъ-sla-pro-noun-EdDa-0Wy",
      "links": [
        [
          "stick",
          "stick"
        ],
        [
          "staff",
          "staff"
        ],
        [
          "rod",
          "rod"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "english": "brand",
          "tags": [
            "possibly"
          ],
          "word": "žigъ"
        }
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "*palъka"
        },
        {
          "word": "*prǫtъ"
        },
        {
          "word": "žьzlъ"
        },
        {
          "roman": "in OCS",
          "word": "žьzlь"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "žezlò"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Marko Snoj",
        "Rick Derksen"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "žezlъ"
}
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "жезл",
            "3": "жезе́л"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: жезл (žezl), жезе́л (žezél)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "folkloric, rare"
          },
          "expansion": "(folkloric, rare)",
          "name": "i"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: жезл (žezl), жезе́л (žezél) (folkloric, rare)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lv",
            "2": "zizls",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "stick"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Latvian: zizls (“stick”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Latvian: zizls (“stick”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "жезл"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: жезл (žezl)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: жезл (žezl)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "жьзлъ"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic: жьзлъ (žĭzlŭ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Church Slavonic: жьзлъ (žĭzlŭ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "жьзлиѥ",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Old Church Slavonic: жьзлиѥ (žĭzlije)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Old Church Slavonic: жьзлиѥ (žĭzlije)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "же́зъл"
          },
          "expansion": "Bulgarian: же́зъл (žézǎl)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bulgarian: же́зъл (žézǎl)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mk",
            "2": "жезол"
          },
          "expansion": "Macedonian: жезол (žezol)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Macedonian: жезол (žezol)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "же́жељ",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Cyrillic script: же́жељ",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Cyrillic script: же́жељ, жѐзло"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "žéželj",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin script: žéželj",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin script: žéželj, žèzlo"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "žezlo"
          },
          "expansion": "Czech: žezlo",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Czech: žezlo"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "жазло́",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Belarusian: жазло́ (žazló)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Belarusian: жазло́ (žazló)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sl",
            "2": "žézlo",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Slovene: žézlo",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Slovene: žézlo"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sk",
            "2": "žezlo"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovak: žezlo",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovak: žezlo"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro"
      },
      "expansion": "Uncertain",
      "name": "unc"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "kegil",
        "3": "",
        "4": "stake"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German kegil (“stake”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵʰel-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰel-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "žalgà",
        "3": "",
        "4": "long stake"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian žalgà (“long stake”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*galgô",
        "3": "",
        "4": "gallow"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *galgô (“gallow”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "ձաղկ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "rod, twig"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian ձաղկ (jałk, “rod, twig”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʷislóm"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷislóm",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "ճիւղ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "branch, twig"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian ճիւղ (čiwł, “branch, twig”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "kvísl",
        "3": "",
        "4": "fork"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse kvísl (“fork”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*žila",
        "3": "",
        "4": "sinew"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *žila (“sinew”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*žica",
        "3": "",
        "4": "thread"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *žica (“thread”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*žeglъ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "branding needle, rod"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *žeglъ (“branding needle, rod”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*žeťi",
        "3": "*-lъ",
        "alt1": "*žeg-",
        "nocat": "1",
        "qq2": "instrumental suffix",
        "t1": "to heat"
      },
      "expansion": "*žeg- (“to heat”) + *-lъ (instrumental suffix)",
      "name": "affix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bg",
        "2": "же́гъл"
      },
      "expansion": "Bulgarian же́гъл (žégǎl)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Uncertain. Potential etymologies include:\n* Pedersen, Mladenov (tentatively considered by Derksen, Vasmer): Cognate with Old High German kegil (“stake”), perhaps from reduplication of hypothetical Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰel-. See also Lithuanian žalgà (“long stake”), Proto-Germanic *galgô (“gallow”), Old Armenian ձաղկ (jałk, “rod, twig”), possibly of substrate origin.\n* Trubačev, Machek, Snoj: From Proto-Indo-European *gʷislóm, cognate with Old Armenian ճիւղ (čiwł, “branch, twig”), possibly Old Norse kvísl (“fork”) (which however exhibits long -ī-) and akin to Proto-Slavic *žila (“sinew”), Proto-Slavic *žica (“thread”). Within this hypothesis, -z- in Slavic is problematic.\n* Georgiev: Possibly from an earlier Proto-Slavic *žeglъ (“branding needle, rod”), from *žeg- (“to heat”) + *-lъ (instrumental suffix), with progressive assimilation of *-g- > *-z- or -ž- (in Serbo-Croatian) after *ž-. Such a lemma is attested in dialectal Bulgarian же́гъл (žégǎl), же́гла (žégla).\nSee references for further discussion.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "žèzlъ",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-decl-noun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "o-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "b",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "žèzlъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "žezlà",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "žezlì",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "žezlà",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "žezlù",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "žèzlъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "žezlù",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "žezlòma",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "žezlòmъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "žèzlъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "žezlà",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "žezlỳ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "žezlъ̀mь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "žezlòmь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "žezlòma",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "žèzly",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "žezlě̀",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "žezlù",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "žèzlěxъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "žezle",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "žezlà",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "žezlì",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "ap": "b"
      },
      "name": "sla-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/žezlъ",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "english": "brand",
      "tags": [
        "possibly"
      ],
      "word": "žigъ"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Slavic hard masculine o-stem nouns",
        "Proto-Slavic hard o-stem nouns",
        "Proto-Slavic lemmas",
        "Proto-Slavic neuter nouns",
        "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b",
        "Proto-Slavic nouns",
        "Proto-Slavic terms with unknown etymologies"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "stick, staff, rod"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "stick",
          "stick"
        ],
        [
          "staff",
          "staff"
        ],
        [
          "rod",
          "rod"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "*palъka"
        },
        {
          "word": "*prǫtъ"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Marko Snoj",
        "Rick Derksen"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "žьzlъ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "in OCS",
      "word": "žьzlь"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "žezlò"
    }
  ],
  "word": "žezlъ"
}

Download raw JSONL data for žezlъ meaning in Proto-Slavic (8.7kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.