See čuti in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "sense",
"word": "čudlo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "feeling, sense",
"word": "čuvьstvo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "perception",
"word": "čutьje"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "sensuous, sensible",
"word": "čutьnъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"english": "indication, something perceived",
"sense": "*čutъkъ (“attentive, careful”)",
"word": "čutъka"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "чути"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: чути (čuti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: чути (čuti)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "чуць"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: чуць (čucʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: чуць (čucʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "чуть",
"3": "чу́ять"
},
"expansion": "Russian: чуть (čutʹ), чу́ять (čújatʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: чуть (čutʹ), чу́ять (čújatʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "чу́ти",
"3": "чу́яти"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: чу́ти (čúty), чу́яти (čújaty)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: чу́ти (čúty), чу́яти (čújaty)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ono",
"2": "цоути"
},
"expansion": "Old Novgorodian: цоути (ćuti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Novgorodian: цоути (ćuti)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "чоути",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: чоути (čuti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Cyrillic script: чоути (čuti)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ⱍⱆⱅⰻ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Glagolitic script: ⱍⱆⱅⰻ (čuti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Glagolitic script: ⱍⱆⱅⰻ (čuti)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "чу́я"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: чу́я (čúja)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: чу́я (čúja)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "чуе"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: чуе (čue)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: чуе (čue)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "чу̏ти",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: чу̏ти",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: чу̏ти"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "čȕti",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: čȕti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: čȕti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "čúti",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: čúti",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "čúti"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: čúti (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "archaic"
},
"expansion": "(archaic)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: čúti (tonal orthography) (archaic)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "čúti"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: čúti\nCzech: čít",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: čúti\nCzech: čít"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "czuć"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: czuć\nPolish: czuć\nSilesian: czuć",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: czuć\nPolish: czuć\nSilesian: czuć"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Slovak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rsk",
"2": "чуц"
},
"expansion": "Pannonian Rusyn: чуц (čuc)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pannonian Rusyn: чуц (čuc)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "čuť"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: čuť",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: čuť"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Pomeranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "czëc"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: czëc",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: czëc"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-slv",
"2": "czùc"
},
"expansion": "Slovincian: czùc",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovincian: czùc"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "čuć"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: čuć",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: čuć"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "cuś"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: cuś",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: cuś"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kewh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*(s)kéwh₁-ye-ti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)kéwh₁-ye-ti",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Seemingly from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kéwh₁-ye-ti, from *(s)kewh₁- (“to perceive”). LIV presumes an original s-aorist (of Narten type) with secondary ye-present.\nDescendants do not show agreement regarding the aspect:\n* Eastern South Slavic (including Old Church Slavonic) evinces for perfective aspect.\n* West and East Slavic point towards imperfective.\n* Western South Slavic admits both.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "čùti",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"imperfective",
"perfective"
]
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/čuti",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "to grasp, to get a sense of",
"word": "čuxati"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "to comprehend (with the senses)",
"word": "čujati"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "sensible, sensuous",
"word": "čujьnъ"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to sense"
],
"id": "en-čuti-sla-pro-verb-viSqxVsX",
"links": [
[
"sense",
"sense"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "41 59",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 78",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 86",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic verbs ending in -V-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 83",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic verbs with accent paradigm a",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to feel"
],
"id": "en-čuti-sla-pro-verb-5zVn5wus",
"links": [
[
"feel",
"feel"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj",
"Rick Derksen"
],
"word": "čuti"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic biaspectual verbs",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic imperfective verbs",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic perfective verbs",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)kewh₁-",
"Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic verbs",
"Proto-Slavic verbs ending in -V-",
"Proto-Slavic verbs with accent paradigm a",
"sla-conj with extra parameters/ap",
"sla-conj with extra parameters/n"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "sense",
"word": "čudlo"
},
{
"english": "feeling, sense",
"word": "čuvьstvo"
},
{
"english": "perception",
"word": "čutьje"
},
{
"english": "indication, something perceived",
"sense": "*čutъkъ (“attentive, careful”)",
"word": "čutъka"
},
{
"english": "sensuous, sensible",
"word": "čutьnъ"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "чути"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: чути (čuti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: чути (čuti)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "чуць"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: чуць (čucʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: чуць (čucʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "чуть",
"3": "чу́ять"
},
"expansion": "Russian: чуть (čutʹ), чу́ять (čújatʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: чуть (čutʹ), чу́ять (čújatʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "чу́ти",
"3": "чу́яти"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: чу́ти (čúty), чу́яти (čújaty)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: чу́ти (čúty), чу́яти (čújaty)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ono",
"2": "цоути"
},
"expansion": "Old Novgorodian: цоути (ćuti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Novgorodian: цоути (ćuti)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "чоути",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: чоути (čuti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Cyrillic script: чоути (čuti)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ⱍⱆⱅⰻ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Glagolitic script: ⱍⱆⱅⰻ (čuti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Glagolitic script: ⱍⱆⱅⰻ (čuti)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "чу́я"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: чу́я (čúja)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: чу́я (čúja)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "чуе"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: чуе (čue)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: чуе (čue)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "чу̏ти",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: чу̏ти",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: чу̏ти"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "čȕti",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: čȕti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: čȕti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "čúti",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: čúti",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "čúti"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: čúti (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "archaic"
},
"expansion": "(archaic)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: čúti (tonal orthography) (archaic)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "čúti"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: čúti\nCzech: čít",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: čúti\nCzech: čít"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "czuć"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: czuć\nPolish: czuć\nSilesian: czuć",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: czuć\nPolish: czuć\nSilesian: czuć"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Slovak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rsk",
"2": "чуц"
},
"expansion": "Pannonian Rusyn: чуц (čuc)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pannonian Rusyn: чуц (čuc)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "čuť"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: čuť",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: čuť"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Pomeranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "czëc"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: czëc",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: czëc"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-slv",
"2": "czùc"
},
"expansion": "Slovincian: czùc",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovincian: czùc"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "čuć"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: čuć",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: čuć"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "cuś"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: cuś",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: cuś"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kewh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*(s)kéwh₁-ye-ti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)kéwh₁-ye-ti",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Seemingly from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kéwh₁-ye-ti, from *(s)kewh₁- (“to perceive”). LIV presumes an original s-aorist (of Narten type) with secondary ye-present.\nDescendants do not show agreement regarding the aspect:\n* Eastern South Slavic (including Old Church Slavonic) evinces for perfective aspect.\n* West and East Slavic point towards imperfective.\n* Western South Slavic admits both.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "čùti",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"imperfective",
"perfective"
]
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/čuti",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"english": "to grasp, to get a sense of",
"word": "čuxati"
},
{
"english": "to comprehend (with the senses)",
"word": "čujati"
},
{
"english": "sensible, sensuous",
"word": "čujьnъ"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to sense"
],
"links": [
[
"sense",
"sense"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to feel"
],
"links": [
[
"feel",
"feel"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj",
"Rick Derksen"
],
"word": "čuti"
}
Download raw JSONL data for čuti meaning in Proto-Slavic (6.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (df33d17 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.