See tuna in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for tuna meaning in Proto-Malayo-Polynesian (6.2kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "poz-cet-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Central Malayo-Polynesian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sumba–Flores:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bhp",
"2": "duna"
},
"expansion": "Bima: duna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bima: duna"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbr",
"2": "tuna"
},
"expansion": "Kambera: tuna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kambera: tuna"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mqy",
"2": "duna",
"3": "tuna"
},
"expansion": "Manggarai: duna, tuna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manggarai: duna, tuna"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nxg",
"2": "duna"
},
"expansion": "Ngadha: duna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ngadha: duna"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Timor–Babar:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bkx",
"2": "tunɛ"
},
"expansion": "Baikeno: tunɛ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Baikeno: tunɛ"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bpz",
"2": "tuna"
},
"expansion": "Bilba: tuna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bilba: tuna"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tdt",
"2": "tuna"
},
"expansion": "Tetun Dili: tuna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tetun Dili: tuna"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ert",
"2": "tuna",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Eritai: tuna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Eritai: tuna"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pqe-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "poz-hce-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Halmahera-Cenderawasih:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Halmahera-Cenderawasih:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wrp",
"2": "kuna"
},
"expansion": "Waropen: kuna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Waropen: kuna"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "poz-oce-pro",
"2": "*tuna"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Oceanic: *tuna\nAdmiralty Islands:\nManus Islands:\nGele': drun\nKurti: drun\nMondropolon: cun\nSoutheastern Islands:\nLenkau: trun\nPenchal: run\nCentral-Eastern Oceanic:\nCentral Pacific:\nFijian: duna\nProto-Polynesian: *tuna\nProto-Nuclear Polynesian:\nProto-Eastern Polynesian:\nMarquesic:\nHawaiian: kuna\nMangarevan: tuna\nTahitic:\nMaori: tuna\nRarotongan: tuna\nRapa: tuna\nTahitian: tuna\nTuamotuan: tuna\nWestern Polynesian:\nEllicean-Outlier:\nNuguria: tuna\nNukuoro: tuna\nPileni: tuna\nTakuu: tuna\nTuvaluan: tuna\nFutunic:\nAnuta: tuna\nEast Futuna: tuna\nFutuna-Aniwa: tuna\nPukapukan: tuna\nTikopia: tuna\nSamoic:\nNiuatoputapu: tuna\nSamoan: tuna\nTongic:\nNiuean: tuna\nTongan: tuna\nRotuman: funa\nWestern Fijian: tuna\nMicronesian: *tuna\nKosraean: ton\n→ Marshallese: toṇ\nWestern Oceanic:\nNorth New Guinea:\nNgero–Vitiaz\nGitua: tuna\nMbula: tuunu\nSchouten:\nKairiru: tun\nWogeo: tuña\nPapuan Tip:\nWedau: tuna",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Oceanic: *tuna\nAdmiralty Islands:\nManus Islands:\nGele': drun\nKurti: drun\nMondropolon: cun\nSoutheastern Islands:\nLenkau: trun\nPenchal: run\nCentral-Eastern Oceanic:\nCentral Pacific:\nFijian: duna\nProto-Polynesian: *tuna\nProto-Nuclear Polynesian:\nProto-Eastern Polynesian:\nMarquesic:\nHawaiian: kuna\nMangarevan: tuna\nTahitic:\nMaori: tuna\nRarotongan: tuna\nRapa: tuna\nTahitian: tuna\nTuamotuan: tuna\nWestern Polynesian:\nEllicean-Outlier:\nNuguria: tuna\nNukuoro: tuna\nPileni: tuna\nTakuu: tuna\nTuvaluan: tuna\nFutunic:\nAnuta: tuna\nEast Futuna: tuna\nFutuna-Aniwa: tuna\nPukapukan: tuna\nTikopia: tuna\nSamoic:\nNiuatoputapu: tuna\nSamoan: tuna\nTongic:\nNiuean: tuna\nTongan: tuna\nRotuman: funa\nWestern Fijian: tuna\nMicronesian: *tuna\nKosraean: ton\n→ Marshallese: toṇ\nWestern Oceanic:\nNorth New Guinea:\nNgero–Vitiaz\nGitua: tuna\nMbula: tuunu\nSchouten:\nKairiru: tun\nWogeo: tuña\nPapuan Tip:\nWedau: tuna"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Western Malayo-Polynesian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Greater Barito:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mg",
"2": "tona"
},
"expansion": "Malagasy: tona",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Malagasy: tona"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "phi-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Philippine:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Philippine:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ceb",
"2": "tuna"
},
"expansion": "Cebuano: tuna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cebuano: tuna"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ivb",
"2": "tona"
},
"expansion": "Ibatan: tona",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ibatan: tona"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tao",
"2": "tona"
},
"expansion": "Yami: tona",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yami: tona"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "poz-msa-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "tuna"
},
"expansion": "Malay: tuna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Malay: tuna"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "poz-pro",
"2": "map-pro",
"3": "*tuNa"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *tuNa",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Austronesian *tuNa.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "poz-pro",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "*tuna",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"lang_code": "poz-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Malayo-Polynesian/tuna",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"freshwater eel"
],
"id": "en-tuna-poz-pro-noun-TuiMQ-5g",
"links": [
[
"eel",
"eel"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tuna/"
}
],
"word": "tuna"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "poz-cet-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Central Malayo-Polynesian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sumba–Flores:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bhp",
"2": "duna"
},
"expansion": "Bima: duna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bima: duna"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbr",
"2": "tuna"
},
"expansion": "Kambera: tuna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kambera: tuna"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mqy",
"2": "duna",
"3": "tuna"
},
"expansion": "Manggarai: duna, tuna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manggarai: duna, tuna"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nxg",
"2": "duna"
},
"expansion": "Ngadha: duna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ngadha: duna"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Timor–Babar:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bkx",
"2": "tunɛ"
},
"expansion": "Baikeno: tunɛ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Baikeno: tunɛ"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bpz",
"2": "tuna"
},
"expansion": "Bilba: tuna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bilba: tuna"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tdt",
"2": "tuna"
},
"expansion": "Tetun Dili: tuna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tetun Dili: tuna"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ert",
"2": "tuna",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Eritai: tuna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Eritai: tuna"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pqe-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "poz-hce-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Halmahera-Cenderawasih:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Halmahera-Cenderawasih:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wrp",
"2": "kuna"
},
"expansion": "Waropen: kuna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Waropen: kuna"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "poz-oce-pro",
"2": "*tuna"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Oceanic: *tuna\nAdmiralty Islands:\nManus Islands:\nGele': drun\nKurti: drun\nMondropolon: cun\nSoutheastern Islands:\nLenkau: trun\nPenchal: run\nCentral-Eastern Oceanic:\nCentral Pacific:\nFijian: duna\nProto-Polynesian: *tuna\nProto-Nuclear Polynesian:\nProto-Eastern Polynesian:\nMarquesic:\nHawaiian: kuna\nMangarevan: tuna\nTahitic:\nMaori: tuna\nRarotongan: tuna\nRapa: tuna\nTahitian: tuna\nTuamotuan: tuna\nWestern Polynesian:\nEllicean-Outlier:\nNuguria: tuna\nNukuoro: tuna\nPileni: tuna\nTakuu: tuna\nTuvaluan: tuna\nFutunic:\nAnuta: tuna\nEast Futuna: tuna\nFutuna-Aniwa: tuna\nPukapukan: tuna\nTikopia: tuna\nSamoic:\nNiuatoputapu: tuna\nSamoan: tuna\nTongic:\nNiuean: tuna\nTongan: tuna\nRotuman: funa\nWestern Fijian: tuna\nMicronesian: *tuna\nKosraean: ton\n→ Marshallese: toṇ\nWestern Oceanic:\nNorth New Guinea:\nNgero–Vitiaz\nGitua: tuna\nMbula: tuunu\nSchouten:\nKairiru: tun\nWogeo: tuña\nPapuan Tip:\nWedau: tuna",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Oceanic: *tuna\nAdmiralty Islands:\nManus Islands:\nGele': drun\nKurti: drun\nMondropolon: cun\nSoutheastern Islands:\nLenkau: trun\nPenchal: run\nCentral-Eastern Oceanic:\nCentral Pacific:\nFijian: duna\nProto-Polynesian: *tuna\nProto-Nuclear Polynesian:\nProto-Eastern Polynesian:\nMarquesic:\nHawaiian: kuna\nMangarevan: tuna\nTahitic:\nMaori: tuna\nRarotongan: tuna\nRapa: tuna\nTahitian: tuna\nTuamotuan: tuna\nWestern Polynesian:\nEllicean-Outlier:\nNuguria: tuna\nNukuoro: tuna\nPileni: tuna\nTakuu: tuna\nTuvaluan: tuna\nFutunic:\nAnuta: tuna\nEast Futuna: tuna\nFutuna-Aniwa: tuna\nPukapukan: tuna\nTikopia: tuna\nSamoic:\nNiuatoputapu: tuna\nSamoan: tuna\nTongic:\nNiuean: tuna\nTongan: tuna\nRotuman: funa\nWestern Fijian: tuna\nMicronesian: *tuna\nKosraean: ton\n→ Marshallese: toṇ\nWestern Oceanic:\nNorth New Guinea:\nNgero–Vitiaz\nGitua: tuna\nMbula: tuunu\nSchouten:\nKairiru: tun\nWogeo: tuña\nPapuan Tip:\nWedau: tuna"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Western Malayo-Polynesian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Greater Barito:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mg",
"2": "tona"
},
"expansion": "Malagasy: tona",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Malagasy: tona"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "phi-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Philippine:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Philippine:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ceb",
"2": "tuna"
},
"expansion": "Cebuano: tuna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cebuano: tuna"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ivb",
"2": "tona"
},
"expansion": "Ibatan: tona",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ibatan: tona"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tao",
"2": "tona"
},
"expansion": "Yami: tona",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yami: tona"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "poz-msa-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "tuna"
},
"expansion": "Malay: tuna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Malay: tuna"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "poz-pro",
"2": "map-pro",
"3": "*tuNa"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *tuNa",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Austronesian *tuNa.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "poz-pro",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "*tuna",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"lang_code": "poz-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Malayo-Polynesian/tuna",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Malayo-Polynesian entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Malayo-Polynesian entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Proto-Malayo-Polynesian lemmas",
"Proto-Malayo-Polynesian nouns",
"Proto-Malayo-Polynesian terms derived from Proto-Austronesian",
"Proto-Malayo-Polynesian terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian",
"Proto-Malayo-Polynesian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Proto-Malayo-Polynesian terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"poz-pro:Eels",
"poz-pro:Fish"
],
"glosses": [
"freshwater eel"
],
"links": [
[
"eel",
"eel"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tuna/"
}
],
"word": "tuna"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Malayo-Polynesian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-12 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (ae36afe and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.