"-um-" meaning in Proto-Malayo-Polynesian

See -um- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Infix

Etymology: From Proto-Austronesian *-um-. Etymology templates: {{inh|poz-pro|map-pro|*-um-}} Proto-Austronesian *-um- Head templates: {{head|poz-pro|infix}} *-um-
  1. inflectional affix marking actor voice Tags: morpheme, reconstruction
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Philippines"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ceb",
            "2": "mo-",
            "3": "-um-"
          },
          "expansion": "Cebuano: mo-, -um-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Cebuano: mo-, -um-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hil",
            "2": "-um-"
          },
          "expansion": "Hiligaynon: -um-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Hiligaynon: -um-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tl",
            "2": "-um-"
          },
          "expansion": "Tagalog: -um-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Tagalog: -um-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Northwest Sumatra-Barrier Islands"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nia",
            "2": "-um-"
          },
          "expansion": "Nias: -um-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Nias: -um-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Celebic"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "blz",
            "2": "-um-"
          },
          "expansion": "Balantak: -um-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Balantak: -um-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kaw",
            "2": "-um-"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Javanese: -um-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Javanese: -um-"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "poz-pro",
        "2": "map-pro",
        "3": "*-um-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *-um-",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Austronesian *-um-.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "poz-pro",
        "2": "infix"
      },
      "expansion": "*-um-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
  "lang_code": "poz-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Malayo-Polynesian/-um-",
  "pos": "infix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian infixes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflectional affix marking actor voice"
      ],
      "id": "en--um--poz-pro-infix-qrDBlAct",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-um-"
}
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Philippines"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ceb",
            "2": "mo-",
            "3": "-um-"
          },
          "expansion": "Cebuano: mo-, -um-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Cebuano: mo-, -um-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hil",
            "2": "-um-"
          },
          "expansion": "Hiligaynon: -um-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Hiligaynon: -um-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tl",
            "2": "-um-"
          },
          "expansion": "Tagalog: -um-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Tagalog: -um-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Northwest Sumatra-Barrier Islands"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nia",
            "2": "-um-"
          },
          "expansion": "Nias: -um-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Nias: -um-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Celebic"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "blz",
            "2": "-um-"
          },
          "expansion": "Balantak: -um-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Balantak: -um-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kaw",
            "2": "-um-"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Javanese: -um-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Javanese: -um-"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "poz-pro",
        "2": "map-pro",
        "3": "*-um-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *-um-",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Austronesian *-um-.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "poz-pro",
        "2": "infix"
      },
      "expansion": "*-um-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
  "lang_code": "poz-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Malayo-Polynesian/-um-",
  "pos": "infix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian infixes",
        "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian lemmas",
        "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian terms derived from Proto-Austronesian",
        "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflectional affix marking actor voice"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-um-"
}

Download raw JSONL data for -um- meaning in Proto-Malayo-Polynesian (1.9kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Malayo-Polynesian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.