See serwos in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for serwos meaning in Proto-Italic (4.1kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "servus"
},
"expansion": "Latin: servus",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: servus (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ser-",
"id": "guard"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ser-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ser-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*-wos",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "+ *-wos",
"name": "suf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*ser-"
},
"expansion": "*ser-",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Apparently from Proto-Indo-European *ser- + *-wos, but the exact sense of the root *ser- from which *serwos derives is uncertain. Either:\n* “to bind”, in the sense “one who is bound (in duty/labor)”, or originally denoting a physical binding;\n* “to guard”, thus perhaps originally meaning one whose job it is to protect. This seems to be the commonly favored sense;\n* “to plunder”, based on the assumption that the Latin sense of “slave” is original and those taken captive in war were converted to servants.\nSee *ser- for the various senses.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "itc-decl-noun-o-mf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "serwos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serwōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "serwoi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "serwe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "serwōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "serwoi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "serwom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serwons",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "serwosjo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serwī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serwom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "serwōi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serwois",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "serwōd",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serwois",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "serwei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serwois",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*serwos m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "serw"
},
"name": "itc-decl-noun-o-mf"
},
{
"args": {
"abl_pl": "*serwois",
"abl_sg": "*serwōd",
"acc_pl": "*serwons",
"acc_sg": "*serwom",
"dat_pl": "*serwois",
"dat_sg": "*serwōi",
"gen_pl": "*serwom",
"gen_sg": "*serwosjo, serwī",
"loc_pl": "*serwois",
"loc_sg": "*serwei",
"nom_pl": "*serwōs, serwoi",
"nom_sg": "*serwos",
"type": "o-stem",
"voc_pl": "*serwōs, serwoi",
"voc_sg": "*serwe"
},
"name": "itc-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Italic",
"lang_code": "itc-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/serwos",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Italic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"sense": "*serw-jō (4th-conjugation verb)",
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"word": "serviō"
},
{
"english": "seritu, 3sg. imperative",
"sense": "*serw-jō (4th-conjugation verb)",
"word": "𐌑𐌄𐌓𐌉𐌕𐌖"
}
],
"glosses": [
"guardian? (meaning uncertain)"
],
"id": "en-serwos-itc-pro-noun-D2rPWzCR",
"links": [
[
"guardian",
"guardian"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "serwos"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"sense": "*serw-jō (4th-conjugation verb)",
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"word": "serviō"
},
{
"english": "seritu, 3sg. imperative",
"sense": "*serw-jō (4th-conjugation verb)",
"word": "𐌑𐌄𐌓𐌉𐌕𐌖"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "servus"
},
"expansion": "Latin: servus",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: servus (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ser-",
"id": "guard"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ser-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ser-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*-wos",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "+ *-wos",
"name": "suf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*ser-"
},
"expansion": "*ser-",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Apparently from Proto-Indo-European *ser- + *-wos, but the exact sense of the root *ser- from which *serwos derives is uncertain. Either:\n* “to bind”, in the sense “one who is bound (in duty/labor)”, or originally denoting a physical binding;\n* “to guard”, thus perhaps originally meaning one whose job it is to protect. This seems to be the commonly favored sense;\n* “to plunder”, based on the assumption that the Latin sense of “slave” is original and those taken captive in war were converted to servants.\nSee *ser- for the various senses.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "itc-decl-noun-o-mf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "serwos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serwōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "serwoi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "serwe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "serwōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "serwoi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "serwom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serwons",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "serwosjo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serwī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serwom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "serwōi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serwois",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "serwōd",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serwois",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "serwei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serwois",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*serwos m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "serw"
},
"name": "itc-decl-noun-o-mf"
},
{
"args": {
"abl_pl": "*serwois",
"abl_sg": "*serwōd",
"acc_pl": "*serwons",
"acc_sg": "*serwom",
"dat_pl": "*serwois",
"dat_sg": "*serwōi",
"gen_pl": "*serwom",
"gen_sg": "*serwosjo, serwī",
"loc_pl": "*serwois",
"loc_sg": "*serwei",
"nom_pl": "*serwōs, serwoi",
"nom_sg": "*serwos",
"type": "o-stem",
"voc_pl": "*serwōs, serwoi",
"voc_sg": "*serwe"
},
"name": "itc-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Italic",
"lang_code": "itc-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/serwos",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Italic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Italic lemmas",
"Proto-Italic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Italic nouns",
"Proto-Italic o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Italic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Italic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ser- (guard)"
],
"glosses": [
"guardian? (meaning uncertain)"
],
"links": [
[
"guardian",
"guardian"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "serwos"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Italic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (1d5a7d1 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.