See wišás in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{ "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "inc-pro", "2": "*wíṣas" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wíṣas", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wíṣas" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sa", "2": "वि॒ष" }, "expansion": "Sanskrit: वि॒ष (viṣá)", "name": "desc" }, { "args": {}, "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)", "name": "see desc" } ], "text": "Sanskrit: वि॒ष (viṣá) (see there for further descendants)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ira-pro", "2": "*wíšah" }, "expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *wíšah", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Proto-Iranian: *wíšah" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ae", "2": "𐬬𐬌𐬱𐬀" }, "expansion": "Avestan: 𐬬𐬌𐬱𐬀 (viša)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Avestan: 𐬬𐬌𐬱𐬀 (viša)" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fa", "2": "ویش", "bor": "1", "gloss": "virus", "tr": "viš" }, "expansion": "→ Persian: ویش (viš, “virus”)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Persian: ویش (viš, “virus”)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "peo", "2": "" }, "expansion": "Old Persian:", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Old Persian:" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pal" }, "expansion": "Middle Persian:", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Middle Persian:" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pal", "2": "𐭥(𐭩)𐭱", "sclb": "1", "t": "poison", "tr": "w(y)š", "ts": "wiš" }, "expansion": "Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭥(𐭩)𐭱 (w(y)š /wiš/, “poison”)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭥(𐭩)𐭱 (w(y)š /wiš/, “poison”)" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pal", "2": "𐫇𐫏𐫢", "sclb": "1", "t": "poison", "tr": "wyš", "ts": "wiš" }, "expansion": "Manichaean script: 𐫇𐫏𐫢 (wyš /wiš/, “poison”)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Manichaean script: 𐫇𐫏𐫢 (wyš /wiš/, “poison”)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "iir-nur-pro", "2": "*wī́ša" }, "expansion": "Proto-Nuristani: *wī́ša", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Proto-Nuristani: *wī́ša (< earlier *wī́sa < *wíHsas)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [], "text": "Northern Nuristani:" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "bsh", "2": "-" }, "expansion": "Kamkata-viri:", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Kamkata-viri:" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "xvi", "2": "víš" }, "expansion": "Kamviri: víš", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Kamviri: víš" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "bsh-kat", "2": "víš" }, "expansion": "Kativiri: víš", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Kativiri: víš" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "prn", "2": "ǘšu" }, "expansion": "Prasuni: ǘšu", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Prasuni: ǘšu" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [], "text": "Southern Nuristani:" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ask", "2": "yós" }, "expansion": "Ashkun: yós", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Ashkun: yós" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "wbk", "2": "viš" }, "expansion": "Waigali: viš", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Waigali: viš" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "urj-pro", "2": "*wiša", "bor": "1", "t": "poison, gall, green" }, "expansion": "→ Proto-Uralic: *wiša (“poison, gall, green”)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Proto-Uralic: *wiša (“poison, gall, green”)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "mrj", "2": "ыжар", "t": "green" }, "expansion": "Western Mari: ыжар (yžar, “green”)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Western Mari: ыжар (yžar, “green”)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "mhr", "2": "ужар", "t": "green" }, "expansion": "Eastern Mari: ужар (užar, “green”)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Eastern Mari: ужар (užar, “green”)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "urj-mdv-pro" }, "expansion": "Proto-Mordvinic:", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Proto-Mordvinic:" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "myv", "2": "ожо", "t": "yellow" }, "expansion": "Erzya: ожо (ožo, “yellow”)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Erzya: ожо (ožo, “yellow”)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "urj-prm-pro" }, "expansion": "Proto-Permic:", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Proto-Permic:" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [], "text": "Komi:" }, { "depth": 4, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "koi", "2": "веж" }, "expansion": "Komi-Permyak: веж (vež)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Komi-Permyak: веж (vež)" }, { "depth": 4, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "kpv", "2": "веж" }, "expansion": "Komi-Zyrian: веж (vež)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Komi-Zyrian: веж (vež)" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "udm", "2": "вож" }, "expansion": "Udmurt: вож (vož)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Udmurt: вож (vož)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "urj-fin-pro", "2": "*viha", "3": "*viherä", "t": "poison", "t2": "green" }, "expansion": "Proto-Finnic: *viha (“poison”), *viherä (“green”)", "name": "desc" }, { "args": {}, "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)", "name": "see desc" } ], "text": "Proto-Finnic: *viha (“poison”), *viherä (“green”) (see there for further descendants)" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "iir-pro", "2": "inh", "3": "ine-pro>*wisós>poison", "id": "poison" }, "expansion": "", "name": "etymon" }, { "args": { "1": "iir-pro", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*wisós" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wisós", "name": "inh" } ], "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *wisós.", "forms": [ { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "iir-decl-noun", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "a-stem", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "masculine a-stem", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "wišás", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wišā́(w)", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "nominative" ] }, { "form": "wišā́s", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "wišā́sas", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "wíša", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "singular", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "wíšā", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "wíšāw", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "wíšās", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "plural", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "wíšāsas", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "plural", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "wišám", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wišā́(w)", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "wišā́ns", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "wišáH", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wišáybʰyā", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "instrumental" ] }, { "form": "wišáybʰyām", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "instrumental" ] }, { "form": "wišā́yš", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "plural" ] }, { "form": "wišā́t", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wišáybʰyā", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "wišáybʰyām", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "wišáybʰyas", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "wišā́y", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wišáybʰyā", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "wišáybʰyām", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "wišáybʰyas", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "wišásya", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wišáyās", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "genitive" ] }, { "form": "wišā́naHam", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "wišáy", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "locative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wišáyaw", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "locative" ] }, { "form": "wišáyšu", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "locative", "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "iir-pro", "2": "noun", "g": "m" }, "expansion": "*wišás m", "name": "head" } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": {}, "name": "iir-decl-noun" } ], "lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian", "lang_code": "iir-pro", "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/wišás", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 1 entry", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Proto-Indo-Iranian entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [], "source": "w" } ], "glosses": [ "poison, venom" ], "id": "en-wišás-iir-pro-noun-K~M13QJa", "links": [ [ "poison", "poison" ], [ "venom", "venom" ] ], "tags": [ "masculine", "reconstruction" ] } ], "word": "wišás" }
{ "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "inc-pro", "2": "*wíṣas" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wíṣas", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wíṣas" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sa", "2": "वि॒ष" }, "expansion": "Sanskrit: वि॒ष (viṣá)", "name": "desc" }, { "args": {}, "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)", "name": "see desc" } ], "text": "Sanskrit: वि॒ष (viṣá) (see there for further descendants)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ira-pro", "2": "*wíšah" }, "expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *wíšah", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Proto-Iranian: *wíšah" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ae", "2": "𐬬𐬌𐬱𐬀" }, "expansion": "Avestan: 𐬬𐬌𐬱𐬀 (viša)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Avestan: 𐬬𐬌𐬱𐬀 (viša)" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fa", "2": "ویش", "bor": "1", "gloss": "virus", "tr": "viš" }, "expansion": "→ Persian: ویش (viš, “virus”)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Persian: ویش (viš, “virus”)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "peo", "2": "" }, "expansion": "Old Persian:", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Old Persian:" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pal" }, "expansion": "Middle Persian:", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Middle Persian:" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pal", "2": "𐭥(𐭩)𐭱", "sclb": "1", "t": "poison", "tr": "w(y)š", "ts": "wiš" }, "expansion": "Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭥(𐭩)𐭱 (w(y)š /wiš/, “poison”)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭥(𐭩)𐭱 (w(y)š /wiš/, “poison”)" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pal", "2": "𐫇𐫏𐫢", "sclb": "1", "t": "poison", "tr": "wyš", "ts": "wiš" }, "expansion": "Manichaean script: 𐫇𐫏𐫢 (wyš /wiš/, “poison”)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Manichaean script: 𐫇𐫏𐫢 (wyš /wiš/, “poison”)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "iir-nur-pro", "2": "*wī́ša" }, "expansion": "Proto-Nuristani: *wī́ša", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Proto-Nuristani: *wī́ša (< earlier *wī́sa < *wíHsas)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [], "text": "Northern Nuristani:" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "bsh", "2": "-" }, "expansion": "Kamkata-viri:", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Kamkata-viri:" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "xvi", "2": "víš" }, "expansion": "Kamviri: víš", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Kamviri: víš" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "bsh-kat", "2": "víš" }, "expansion": "Kativiri: víš", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Kativiri: víš" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "prn", "2": "ǘšu" }, "expansion": "Prasuni: ǘšu", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Prasuni: ǘšu" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [], "text": "Southern Nuristani:" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ask", "2": "yós" }, "expansion": "Ashkun: yós", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Ashkun: yós" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "wbk", "2": "viš" }, "expansion": "Waigali: viš", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Waigali: viš" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "urj-pro", "2": "*wiša", "bor": "1", "t": "poison, gall, green" }, "expansion": "→ Proto-Uralic: *wiša (“poison, gall, green”)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Proto-Uralic: *wiša (“poison, gall, green”)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "mrj", "2": "ыжар", "t": "green" }, "expansion": "Western Mari: ыжар (yžar, “green”)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Western Mari: ыжар (yžar, “green”)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "mhr", "2": "ужар", "t": "green" }, "expansion": "Eastern Mari: ужар (užar, “green”)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Eastern Mari: ужар (užar, “green”)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "urj-mdv-pro" }, "expansion": "Proto-Mordvinic:", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Proto-Mordvinic:" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "myv", "2": "ожо", "t": "yellow" }, "expansion": "Erzya: ожо (ožo, “yellow”)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Erzya: ожо (ožo, “yellow”)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "urj-prm-pro" }, "expansion": "Proto-Permic:", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Proto-Permic:" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [], "text": "Komi:" }, { "depth": 4, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "koi", "2": "веж" }, "expansion": "Komi-Permyak: веж (vež)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Komi-Permyak: веж (vež)" }, { "depth": 4, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "kpv", "2": "веж" }, "expansion": "Komi-Zyrian: веж (vež)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Komi-Zyrian: веж (vež)" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "udm", "2": "вож" }, "expansion": "Udmurt: вож (vož)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Udmurt: вож (vož)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "urj-fin-pro", "2": "*viha", "3": "*viherä", "t": "poison", "t2": "green" }, "expansion": "Proto-Finnic: *viha (“poison”), *viherä (“green”)", "name": "desc" }, { "args": {}, "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)", "name": "see desc" } ], "text": "Proto-Finnic: *viha (“poison”), *viherä (“green”) (see there for further descendants)" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "iir-pro", "2": "inh", "3": "ine-pro>*wisós>poison", "id": "poison" }, "expansion": "", "name": "etymon" }, { "args": { "1": "iir-pro", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*wisós" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wisós", "name": "inh" } ], "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *wisós.", "forms": [ { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "iir-decl-noun", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "a-stem", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "masculine a-stem", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "wišás", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wišā́(w)", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "nominative" ] }, { "form": "wišā́s", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "wišā́sas", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "wíša", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "singular", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "wíšā", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "wíšāw", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "wíšās", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "plural", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "wíšāsas", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "plural", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "wišám", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wišā́(w)", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "wišā́ns", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "wišáH", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wišáybʰyā", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "instrumental" ] }, { "form": "wišáybʰyām", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "instrumental" ] }, { "form": "wišā́yš", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "plural" ] }, { "form": "wišā́t", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wišáybʰyā", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "wišáybʰyām", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "wišáybʰyas", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "wišā́y", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wišáybʰyā", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "wišáybʰyām", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "wišáybʰyas", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "wišásya", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wišáyās", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "genitive" ] }, { "form": "wišā́naHam", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "wišáy", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "locative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wišáyaw", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "locative" ] }, { "form": "wišáyšu", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "locative", "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "iir-pro", "2": "noun", "g": "m" }, "expansion": "*wišás m", "name": "head" } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": {}, "name": "iir-decl-noun" } ], "lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian", "lang_code": "iir-pro", "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/wišás", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Proto-Indo-Iranian a-stem nouns", "Proto-Indo-Iranian entries with incorrect language header", "Proto-Indo-Iranian lemmas", "Proto-Indo-Iranian masculine nouns", "Proto-Indo-Iranian nouns", "Proto-Indo-Iranian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "Proto-Indo-Iranian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European" ], "glosses": [ "poison, venom" ], "links": [ [ "poison", "poison" ], [ "venom", "venom" ] ], "tags": [ "masculine", "reconstruction" ] } ], "word": "wišás" }
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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-Iranian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (074e7de and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.