See wáčas in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*wáćas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wáćas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wáćas"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "वचस्",
"tr": "vácas"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: वचस् (vácas)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: वचस् (vácas)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*wáčah"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *wáčah",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *wáčah"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬬𐬀𐬗𐬀𐬵"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬬𐬀𐬗𐬀𐬵 (vacah)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬬𐬀𐬗𐬀𐬵 (vacah)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wekʷ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*wékʷ-o-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wékʷ-o-s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*wekʷ-",
"3": "*os",
"nocat": "1",
"t1": "to speak"
},
"expansion": "*wekʷ- (“to speak”) + *-os",
"name": "suf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*wékʷos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic *wékʷos",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *wékʷ-o-s, from *wekʷ- (“to speak”) + *-os. Cognate with Proto-Hellenic *wékʷos.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "iir-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "as-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "neuter as-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčasiH",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčasiH",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčasiH",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčasaH",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčazbʰyā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčazbʰyām",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčazbʰiš",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčasas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčazbʰyā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčazbʰyām",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčazbʰyas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčasay",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčazbʰyā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčazbʰyām",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčazbʰyas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčasas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčasHās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčasaHam",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčasi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčasHaw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčasu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*wáčas n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"stem": "s"
},
"name": "iir-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/wáčas",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-Iranian terms belonging to the root *wak-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"word, speech"
],
"id": "en-wáčas-iir-pro-noun-iPKBWJ5n",
"links": [
[
"word",
"word"
],
[
"speech",
"speech"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-Iranian terms belonging to the root *wak-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"voice"
],
"id": "en-wáčas-iir-pro-noun-xX1-kgGX",
"links": [
[
"voice",
"voice"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "wáčas"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian as-stem nouns",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian neuter nouns",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian nouns",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian terms belonging to the root *wak-",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *wekʷ-",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*wáćas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wáćas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wáćas"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "वचस्",
"tr": "vácas"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: वचस् (vácas)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: वचस् (vácas)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*wáčah"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *wáčah",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *wáčah"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬬𐬀𐬗𐬀𐬵"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬬𐬀𐬗𐬀𐬵 (vacah)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬬𐬀𐬗𐬀𐬵 (vacah)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wekʷ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*wékʷ-o-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wékʷ-o-s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*wekʷ-",
"3": "*os",
"nocat": "1",
"t1": "to speak"
},
"expansion": "*wekʷ- (“to speak”) + *-os",
"name": "suf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*wékʷos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic *wékʷos",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *wékʷ-o-s, from *wekʷ- (“to speak”) + *-os. Cognate with Proto-Hellenic *wékʷos.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "iir-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "as-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "neuter as-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčasiH",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčasiH",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčasiH",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčasaH",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčazbʰyā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčazbʰyām",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčazbʰiš",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčasas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčazbʰyā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčazbʰyām",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčazbʰyas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčasay",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčazbʰyā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčazbʰyām",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčazbʰyas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčasas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčasHās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčasaHam",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčasi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčasHaw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "wáčasu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*wáčas n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"stem": "s"
},
"name": "iir-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/wáčas",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"word, speech"
],
"links": [
[
"word",
"word"
],
[
"speech",
"speech"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"voice"
],
"links": [
[
"voice",
"voice"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "wáčas"
}
Download raw JSONL data for wáčas meaning in Proto-Indo-Iranian (5.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-Iranian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-02 using wiktextract (a681f8a and 3c020d2). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.