See twárštā in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*twá(r)ṣṭā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *twá(r)ṣṭā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *twá(r)ṣṭā"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "त्वष्टृ",
"3": "त्वष्टा",
"pos2": "nom.sg.",
"tr": "tváṣṭṛ",
"tr2": "tváṣṭā"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: त्वष्टृ (tváṣṭṛ), त्वष्टा (tváṣṭā, nom.sg.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: त्वष्टृ (tváṣṭṛ), त्वष्टा (tváṣṭā, nom.sg.)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*twárštā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *twárštā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *twárštā"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae-old",
"2": "𐬚𐬡𐬋𐬭𐬆𐬱𐬙𐬀𐬭"
},
"expansion": "Old Avestan: 𐬚𐬡𐬋𐬭𐬆𐬱𐬙𐬀𐬭 (θβōr^əštar)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Avestan: 𐬚𐬡𐬋𐬭𐬆𐬱𐬙𐬀𐬭 (θβōr^əštar)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*twerḱ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*twérḱ-tōr"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *twérḱ-tōr",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*twerḱ-",
"3": "*tōr",
"nocat": "1",
"t1": "to carve, cut off"
},
"expansion": "*twerḱ- (“to carve, cut off”) + *-tōr",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *twérḱ-tōr, from *twerḱ- (“to carve, cut off”) + *-tōr.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "iir-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštārā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštārāw",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštāras",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštārā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštārāw",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštāras",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštāram",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštārā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštārāw",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštras",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštraH",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštr̥bʰyā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštr̥bʰyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštr̥bʰiš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštr̥š",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštr̥bʰyā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštr̥bʰyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštr̥bʰyaH",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštray",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštr̥bʰyā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštr̥bʰyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštr̥bʰyaH",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštr̥š",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštr̥Hās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštraHam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštari",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštr̥Haw",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštr̥su",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*twárštā m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "twárštr",
"2": "twárštor"
},
"name": "iir-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/twárštā",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "54 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"creator"
],
"id": "en-twárštā-iir-pro-noun-vGv9hI69",
"links": [
[
"creator",
"creator"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*dʰaHtā́"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "54 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 61",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 66",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"craft god"
],
"id": "en-twárštā-iir-pro-noun-1j9U5uev",
"links": [
[
"religion",
"religion"
],
[
"craft",
"craft"
],
[
"god",
"god"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(religion) craft god"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
],
"topics": [
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
}
],
"word": "twárštā"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian consonant stem nouns",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian masculine nouns",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian nouns",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *twerḱ-",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*twá(r)ṣṭā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *twá(r)ṣṭā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *twá(r)ṣṭā"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "त्वष्टृ",
"3": "त्वष्टा",
"pos2": "nom.sg.",
"tr": "tváṣṭṛ",
"tr2": "tváṣṭā"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: त्वष्टृ (tváṣṭṛ), त्वष्टा (tváṣṭā, nom.sg.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: त्वष्टृ (tváṣṭṛ), त्वष्टा (tváṣṭā, nom.sg.)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*twárštā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *twárštā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *twárštā"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae-old",
"2": "𐬚𐬡𐬋𐬭𐬆𐬱𐬙𐬀𐬭"
},
"expansion": "Old Avestan: 𐬚𐬡𐬋𐬭𐬆𐬱𐬙𐬀𐬭 (θβōr^əštar)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Avestan: 𐬚𐬡𐬋𐬭𐬆𐬱𐬙𐬀𐬭 (θβōr^əštar)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*twerḱ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*twérḱ-tōr"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *twérḱ-tōr",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*twerḱ-",
"3": "*tōr",
"nocat": "1",
"t1": "to carve, cut off"
},
"expansion": "*twerḱ- (“to carve, cut off”) + *-tōr",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *twérḱ-tōr, from *twerḱ- (“to carve, cut off”) + *-tōr.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "iir-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštārā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštārāw",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštāras",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštārā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštārāw",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštāras",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštāram",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštārā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštārāw",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštras",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštraH",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštr̥bʰyā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštr̥bʰyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštr̥bʰiš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštr̥š",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštr̥bʰyā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštr̥bʰyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštr̥bʰyaH",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštray",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštr̥bʰyā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštr̥bʰyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštr̥bʰyaH",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštr̥š",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštr̥Hās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštraHam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštari",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštr̥Haw",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "twárštr̥su",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*twárštā m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "twárštr",
"2": "twárštor"
},
"name": "iir-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/twárštā",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"creator"
],
"links": [
[
"creator",
"creator"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*dʰaHtā́"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"iir-pro:Religion"
],
"glosses": [
"craft god"
],
"links": [
[
"religion",
"religion"
],
[
"craft",
"craft"
],
[
"god",
"god"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(religion) craft god"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
],
"topics": [
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
}
],
"word": "twárštā"
}
Download raw JSONL data for twárštā meaning in Proto-Indo-Iranian (5.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-Iranian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (58c391d and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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