See kʰáras in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*kʰáras"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *kʰáras",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *kʰáras"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "खर",
"tr": "khára"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: खर (khára)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: खर (khára)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pi",
"2": "khara"
},
"expansion": "Pali: khara",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pali: khara"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pra-sau",
"2": "𑀔𑀭"
},
"expansion": "Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀔𑀭 (khara)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀔𑀭 (khara)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gu",
"2": "ખર"
},
"expansion": "Gujarati: ખર (khar)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gujarati: ખર (khar)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "खर"
},
"expansion": "Hindi: खर (khar)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hindi: खर (khar)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*xárah"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *xárah",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *xárah"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Central Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae-yng",
"2": "𐬑𐬀𐬭𐬀"
},
"expansion": "Younger Avestan: 𐬑𐬀𐬭𐬀 (xara)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Younger Avestan: 𐬑𐬀𐬭𐬀 (xara)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northeastern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xsc-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Scythian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Scythian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "os",
"2": "хӕрӕг"
},
"expansion": "Ossetian: хӕрӕг (xæræg)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ossetian: хӕрӕг (xæræg)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xsc-skw-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Saka-Wakhi:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Saka-Wakhi:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kho",
"2": "𑀔𑀭𑀸",
"ts": "kharä"
},
"expansion": "Khotanese: 𑀔𑀭𑀸 (kharā /kharä/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khotanese: 𑀔𑀭𑀸 (kharā /kharä/)"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "khare"
},
"expansion": "→ Tocharian B: [Term?] (khare)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Tocharian B: [Term?] (khare)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wbl",
"2": "-",
"ts": "xūr"
},
"expansion": "Wakhi: (/xūr/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Wakhi: (/xūr/)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wbl",
"2": "خؤر",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Arabic script: خؤر",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Arabic script: خؤر"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wbl",
"2": "хур",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: хур (xur)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: хур (xur)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sogdo-Bactrian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbc",
"2": "χαρο",
"ts": "xar"
},
"expansion": "Bactrian: χαρο (xaro /xar/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bactrian: χαρο (xaro /xar/)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xco",
"2": "خر",
"tr": "xr",
"ts": "*xar"
},
"expansion": "Khwarezmian: خر (xr /*xar/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khwarezmian: خر (xr /*xar/)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "-",
"ts": "xar"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian: (/xar/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sogdian: (/xar/)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "γ𐽀",
"sc": "Sogd",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "γr"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian script: γ𐽀 (γr)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sogdian script: γ𐽀 (γr)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "ܓܪ",
"sc": "Syrc",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "γr"
},
"expansion": "Syriac script: ܓܪ (γr)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Syriac script: ܓܪ (γr)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yai",
"2": "хар"
},
"expansion": "Yagnobi: хар (xar)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yagnobi: хар (xar)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southeastern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Ormuri-Parachi:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oru",
"2": "خر",
"tr": "xar"
},
"expansion": "Ormuri: خر (xar)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ormuri: خر (xar)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prc",
"2": "کهؤر",
"tr": "khṏr"
},
"expansion": "Parachi: کهؤر (khṏr)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Parachi: کهؤر (khṏr)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Pamiri languages:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "isk",
"tr": "xur"
},
"expansion": "Ishkashimi: [script needed] (xur)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ishkashimi: [script needed] (xur)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sgy",
"tr": "xōr"
},
"expansion": "Sanglechi: [script needed] (xōr)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanglechi: [script needed] (xōr)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mnj",
"2": "خره",
"tr": "xara"
},
"expansion": "Munji: خره (xara)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Munji: خره (xara)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ydg",
"2": "خور",
"alt": "خورُ",
"tr": "xoro"
},
"expansion": "Yidgha: خورُ (xoro)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yidgha: خورُ (xoro)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "srh",
"tr": "šer"
},
"expansion": "Sarikoli: [script needed] (šer)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sarikoli: [script needed] (šer)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sgh"
},
"expansion": "Shughni:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shughni:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sgh-bar",
"2": "шу̊р",
"tr": "šör"
},
"expansion": "Bartangi: шу̊р (šū̊r)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bartangi: шу̊р (šū̊r)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sgh-ros",
"2": "шор",
"tr": "šor"
},
"expansion": "Roshani: шор (šōr)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Roshani: шор (šōr)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yah",
"2": "хур"
},
"expansion": "Yazghulami: хур (xur)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yazghulami: хур (xur)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "خر",
"3": "خره",
"pos2": "pl.",
"tr": "xar",
"tr2": "xrë"
},
"expansion": "Pashto: خر (xar), خره (xrë, pl.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pashto: خر (xar), خره (xrë, pl.)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northwestern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bal",
"2": "ہر",
"tr": "har"
},
"expansion": "Baluchi: ہر (har)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Baluchi: ہر (har)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kurdish:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ckb",
"2": "کهر",
"ts": "kar"
},
"expansion": "Central Kurdish: کهر (ker /kar/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Central Kurdish: کهر (ker /kar/)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "ker",
"ts": "kar"
},
"expansion": "Northern Kurdish: ker (/kar/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Kurdish: ker (/kar/)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sdh",
"2": "خهر",
"ts": "xar"
},
"expansion": "Southern Kurdish: خهر (xer /xar/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Kurdish: خهر (xer /xar/)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lki",
"2": "خهر",
"ts": "xar"
},
"expansion": "Laki: خهر (xer /xar/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Laki: خهر (xer /xar/)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-mpr-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Medo-Parthian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Medo-Parthian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "-",
"ts": "xar"
},
"expansion": "Parthian: (/xar/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Parthian: (/xar/)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "𐭇𐭌𐭓𐭀",
"sc": "Prti",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "ḤMRA"
},
"expansion": "Inscriptional Parthian script: 𐭇𐭌𐭓𐭀 (ḤMRA)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Inscriptional Parthian script: 𐭇𐭌𐭓𐭀 (ḤMRA)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "*𐫟𐫡",
"sc": "Mani",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Manichaean script: *𐫟𐫡 (*xr)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manichaean script: *𐫟𐫡 (*xr)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hac",
"2": "ھەر",
"tr": "har"
},
"expansion": "Gurani: ھەر (har)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gurani: ھەر (har)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zza",
"2": "her",
"tr": "har"
},
"expansion": "Zazaki: her (har)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Zazaki: her (har)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tly",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Talysh:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Talysh:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tly-nor",
"2": "هه",
"tr": "ha"
},
"expansion": "Northern Talysh: هه (ha)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Talysh: هه (ha)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kgn",
"2": "هر",
"tr": "har"
},
"expansion": "Karingani: هر (har)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karingani: هر (har)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southwestern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "*𐎧𐎼",
"ts": "*xara"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian: *𐎧𐎼 (*x-r /*xara/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Persian: *𐎧𐎼 (*x-r /*xara/)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "*𐎧𐎼𐎱𐎫",
"t": "donky's owner",
"ts": "*xarapati"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian: *𐎧𐎼𐎱𐎫 (*x-r-p-t /*xarapati/, “donky's owner”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Persian: *𐎧𐎼𐎱𐎫 (*x-r-p-t /*xarapati/, “donky's owner”)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "qsb-bma"
},
"expansion": "the BMAC substrate",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "akk",
"2": "𒀲𒄩𒀀𒊏𒄠",
"t": "male ass, foal",
"tr": "ḫa-a-ra-am",
"ts": "ḫārum"
},
"expansion": "Akkadian 𒀲𒄩𒀀𒊏𒄠 (ḫa-a-ra-am /ḫārum/, “male ass, foal”)",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sem-wes-pro",
"2": "*ʕayr-",
"t": "ass"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Semitic *ʕayr- (“ass”)",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "kërr"
},
"expansion": "Albanian kërr",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown; possibly borrowed from the BMAC substrate. Probably not related to Akkadian 𒀲𒄩𒀀𒊏𒄠 (ḫa-a-ra-am /ḫārum/, “male ass, foal”), 𒀲𒀀𒅀𒊏𒄠 (a-ia-ra-am /ayarum/, “donkey”), likely borrowed from Proto-West Semitic *ʕayr- (“ass”). Compare, however, Albanian kërr.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "iir-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "masculine a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kʰáras",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kʰárā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "kʰárā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-āsas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kʰára",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kʰárā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kʰárā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-āsas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kʰáram",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kʰárā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kʰárāns",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kʰárā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kʰáraybʰyaH",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "-ābʰyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "kʰárāyš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kʰárāt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kʰáraybʰyaH",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-ābʰyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kʰáraybʰyas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kʰárāy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kʰáraybʰyaH",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-ābʰyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kʰáraybʰyas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kʰárasya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kʰárayās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kʰárānam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kʰárānaHm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kʰáray",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kʰárayaw",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "kʰárayšu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*kʰáras m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "iir-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/kʰáras",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"donkey"
],
"id": "en-kʰáras-iir-pro-noun-0i8RWr1r",
"links": [
[
"donkey",
"donkey"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"de:Brian D. Joseph"
]
}
],
"word": "kʰáras"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*kʰáras"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *kʰáras",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *kʰáras"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "खर",
"tr": "khára"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: खर (khára)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: खर (khára)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pi",
"2": "khara"
},
"expansion": "Pali: khara",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pali: khara"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pra-sau",
"2": "𑀔𑀭"
},
"expansion": "Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀔𑀭 (khara)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀔𑀭 (khara)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gu",
"2": "ખર"
},
"expansion": "Gujarati: ખર (khar)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gujarati: ખર (khar)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "खर"
},
"expansion": "Hindi: खर (khar)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hindi: खर (khar)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*xárah"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *xárah",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *xárah"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Central Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae-yng",
"2": "𐬑𐬀𐬭𐬀"
},
"expansion": "Younger Avestan: 𐬑𐬀𐬭𐬀 (xara)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Younger Avestan: 𐬑𐬀𐬭𐬀 (xara)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northeastern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xsc-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Scythian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Scythian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "os",
"2": "хӕрӕг"
},
"expansion": "Ossetian: хӕрӕг (xæræg)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ossetian: хӕрӕг (xæræg)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xsc-skw-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Saka-Wakhi:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Saka-Wakhi:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kho",
"2": "𑀔𑀭𑀸",
"ts": "kharä"
},
"expansion": "Khotanese: 𑀔𑀭𑀸 (kharā /kharä/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khotanese: 𑀔𑀭𑀸 (kharā /kharä/)"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "khare"
},
"expansion": "→ Tocharian B: [Term?] (khare)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Tocharian B: [Term?] (khare)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wbl",
"2": "-",
"ts": "xūr"
},
"expansion": "Wakhi: (/xūr/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Wakhi: (/xūr/)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wbl",
"2": "خؤر",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Arabic script: خؤر",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Arabic script: خؤر"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wbl",
"2": "хур",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: хур (xur)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: хур (xur)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sogdo-Bactrian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbc",
"2": "χαρο",
"ts": "xar"
},
"expansion": "Bactrian: χαρο (xaro /xar/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bactrian: χαρο (xaro /xar/)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xco",
"2": "خر",
"tr": "xr",
"ts": "*xar"
},
"expansion": "Khwarezmian: خر (xr /*xar/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khwarezmian: خر (xr /*xar/)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "-",
"ts": "xar"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian: (/xar/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sogdian: (/xar/)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "γ𐽀",
"sc": "Sogd",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "γr"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian script: γ𐽀 (γr)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sogdian script: γ𐽀 (γr)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "ܓܪ",
"sc": "Syrc",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "γr"
},
"expansion": "Syriac script: ܓܪ (γr)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Syriac script: ܓܪ (γr)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yai",
"2": "хар"
},
"expansion": "Yagnobi: хар (xar)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yagnobi: хар (xar)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southeastern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Ormuri-Parachi:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oru",
"2": "خر",
"tr": "xar"
},
"expansion": "Ormuri: خر (xar)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ormuri: خر (xar)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prc",
"2": "کهؤر",
"tr": "khṏr"
},
"expansion": "Parachi: کهؤر (khṏr)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Parachi: کهؤر (khṏr)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Pamiri languages:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "isk",
"tr": "xur"
},
"expansion": "Ishkashimi: [script needed] (xur)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ishkashimi: [script needed] (xur)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sgy",
"tr": "xōr"
},
"expansion": "Sanglechi: [script needed] (xōr)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanglechi: [script needed] (xōr)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mnj",
"2": "خره",
"tr": "xara"
},
"expansion": "Munji: خره (xara)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Munji: خره (xara)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ydg",
"2": "خور",
"alt": "خورُ",
"tr": "xoro"
},
"expansion": "Yidgha: خورُ (xoro)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yidgha: خورُ (xoro)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "srh",
"tr": "šer"
},
"expansion": "Sarikoli: [script needed] (šer)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sarikoli: [script needed] (šer)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sgh"
},
"expansion": "Shughni:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shughni:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sgh-bar",
"2": "шу̊р",
"tr": "šör"
},
"expansion": "Bartangi: шу̊р (šū̊r)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bartangi: шу̊р (šū̊r)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sgh-ros",
"2": "шор",
"tr": "šor"
},
"expansion": "Roshani: шор (šōr)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Roshani: шор (šōr)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yah",
"2": "хур"
},
"expansion": "Yazghulami: хур (xur)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yazghulami: хур (xur)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "خر",
"3": "خره",
"pos2": "pl.",
"tr": "xar",
"tr2": "xrë"
},
"expansion": "Pashto: خر (xar), خره (xrë, pl.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pashto: خر (xar), خره (xrë, pl.)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northwestern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bal",
"2": "ہر",
"tr": "har"
},
"expansion": "Baluchi: ہر (har)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Baluchi: ہر (har)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kurdish:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ckb",
"2": "کهر",
"ts": "kar"
},
"expansion": "Central Kurdish: کهر (ker /kar/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Central Kurdish: کهر (ker /kar/)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "ker",
"ts": "kar"
},
"expansion": "Northern Kurdish: ker (/kar/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Kurdish: ker (/kar/)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sdh",
"2": "خهر",
"ts": "xar"
},
"expansion": "Southern Kurdish: خهر (xer /xar/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Kurdish: خهر (xer /xar/)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lki",
"2": "خهر",
"ts": "xar"
},
"expansion": "Laki: خهر (xer /xar/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Laki: خهر (xer /xar/)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-mpr-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Medo-Parthian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Medo-Parthian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "-",
"ts": "xar"
},
"expansion": "Parthian: (/xar/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Parthian: (/xar/)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "𐭇𐭌𐭓𐭀",
"sc": "Prti",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "ḤMRA"
},
"expansion": "Inscriptional Parthian script: 𐭇𐭌𐭓𐭀 (ḤMRA)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Inscriptional Parthian script: 𐭇𐭌𐭓𐭀 (ḤMRA)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "*𐫟𐫡",
"sc": "Mani",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Manichaean script: *𐫟𐫡 (*xr)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manichaean script: *𐫟𐫡 (*xr)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hac",
"2": "ھەر",
"tr": "har"
},
"expansion": "Gurani: ھەر (har)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gurani: ھەر (har)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zza",
"2": "her",
"tr": "har"
},
"expansion": "Zazaki: her (har)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Zazaki: her (har)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tly",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Talysh:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Talysh:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tly-nor",
"2": "هه",
"tr": "ha"
},
"expansion": "Northern Talysh: هه (ha)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Talysh: هه (ha)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kgn",
"2": "هر",
"tr": "har"
},
"expansion": "Karingani: هر (har)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karingani: هر (har)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southwestern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "*𐎧𐎼",
"ts": "*xara"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian: *𐎧𐎼 (*x-r /*xara/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Persian: *𐎧𐎼 (*x-r /*xara/)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "*𐎧𐎼𐎱𐎫",
"t": "donky's owner",
"ts": "*xarapati"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian: *𐎧𐎼𐎱𐎫 (*x-r-p-t /*xarapati/, “donky's owner”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Persian: *𐎧𐎼𐎱𐎫 (*x-r-p-t /*xarapati/, “donky's owner”)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "qsb-bma"
},
"expansion": "the BMAC substrate",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "akk",
"2": "𒀲𒄩𒀀𒊏𒄠",
"t": "male ass, foal",
"tr": "ḫa-a-ra-am",
"ts": "ḫārum"
},
"expansion": "Akkadian 𒀲𒄩𒀀𒊏𒄠 (ḫa-a-ra-am /ḫārum/, “male ass, foal”)",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sem-wes-pro",
"2": "*ʕayr-",
"t": "ass"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Semitic *ʕayr- (“ass”)",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "kërr"
},
"expansion": "Albanian kërr",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown; possibly borrowed from the BMAC substrate. Probably not related to Akkadian 𒀲𒄩𒀀𒊏𒄠 (ḫa-a-ra-am /ḫārum/, “male ass, foal”), 𒀲𒀀𒅀𒊏𒄠 (a-ia-ra-am /ayarum/, “donkey”), likely borrowed from Proto-West Semitic *ʕayr- (“ass”). Compare, however, Albanian kërr.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "iir-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "masculine a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kʰáras",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kʰárā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "kʰárā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-āsas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kʰára",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kʰárā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kʰárā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-āsas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kʰáram",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kʰárā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kʰárāns",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kʰárā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kʰáraybʰyaH",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "-ābʰyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "kʰárāyš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kʰárāt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kʰáraybʰyaH",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-ābʰyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kʰáraybʰyas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kʰárāy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kʰáraybʰyaH",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-ābʰyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kʰáraybʰyas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kʰárasya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kʰárayās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kʰárānam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kʰárānaHm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kʰáray",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kʰárayaw",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "kʰárayšu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*kʰáras m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "iir-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/kʰáras",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian masculine nouns",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian nouns",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian terms borrowed from the BMAC substrate",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian terms derived from the BMAC substrate",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian terms with unknown etymologies",
"iir-pro:Mammals"
],
"glosses": [
"donkey"
],
"links": [
[
"donkey",
"donkey"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"de:Brian D. Joseph"
]
}
],
"word": "kʰáras"
}
Download raw JSONL data for kʰáras meaning in Proto-Indo-Iranian (14.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-Iranian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.