See krátuš in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*krátuṣ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *krátuṣ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *krátuṣ"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "क्रतु",
"tr": "krátu"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: क्रतु (krátu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: क्रतु (krátu)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*xrátuš"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *xrátuš",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *xrátuš"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬑𐬭𐬀𐬙𐬎"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬑𐬭𐬀𐬙𐬎 (xratu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬑𐬭𐬀𐬙𐬎 (xratu)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xme-old",
"2": "*xratu"
},
"expansion": "Old Median: *xratu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Median: *xratu"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "𐎧𐎼𐎬",
"bor": "1",
"ts": "xratu"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Persian: 𐎧𐎼𐎬 (x-r-tu /xratu/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Persian: 𐎧𐎼𐎬 (x-r-tu /xratu/)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "-",
"ts": "xrad"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian: (/xrad/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Persian: (/xrad/)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "𐫟𐫡𐫅",
"sc": "Mani",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Manichaean script: 𐫟𐫡𐫅 (xrd)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manichaean script: 𐫟𐫡𐫅 (xrd)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "",
"sc": "Phlv",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Book Pahlavi script: ()",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Book Pahlavi script: ()"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "xurt",
"3": "xîret",
"t1": "strong",
"t2": "wisdom; diligence"
},
"expansion": "Northern Kurdish: xurt (“strong”), xîret (“wisdom; diligence”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Kurdish: xurt (“strong”), xîret (“wisdom; diligence”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ckb",
"2": "خیرەد",
"t": "wisdom"
},
"expansion": "Central Kurdish: خیرەد (xîred, “wisdom”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Central Kurdish: خیرەد (xîred, “wisdom”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"t": "strong, hard",
"ts": "xard"
},
"expansion": "Parthian: [Term?] (/xard/, “strong, hard”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Parthian: [Term?] (/xard/, “strong, hard”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"ts": "xraθu"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian: [Term?] (/xraθu/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Persian: [Term?] (/xraθu/)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kret-",
"id": "strong"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "af",
"3": "ine-pro>*kret->insight",
"4": "ine-pro>*-us>Caland system",
"id": "intelligence"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*kré-tus"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kré-tus",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*kret-",
"3": "*us",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "*kret- + *-us",
"name": "suf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κρατύς",
"t": "strong, mighty"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κρατύς (kratús, “strong, mighty”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *kré-tus, from *kret- + *-us. Cognate with Ancient Greek κρατύς (kratús, “strong, mighty”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "iir-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "u-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "masculine u-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "krátuš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krátuH",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "krátawas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krátaw",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krátuH",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krátawas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krátum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krátuH",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "krátunš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krátuH",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krátubʰyaH",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "krátubʰiš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krátawš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krátubʰyaH",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "krátubʰyas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krátaway",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krátubʰyaH",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "krátubʰyas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krátawš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krátuwaHs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "krátunām?",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krátā?",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krátāw?",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krátuwaw",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "krátušu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*krátuš m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krátuš"
},
"name": "iir-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/krátuš",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-Iranian entries referencing etymons with invalid IDs",
"parents": [
"Entries referencing etymons with invalid IDs",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"intelligence, mental power"
],
"id": "en-krátuš-iir-pro-noun-bP6a9ZIg",
"links": [
[
"intelligence",
"intelligence"
],
[
"mental",
"mental"
],
[
"power",
"power"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "krátuš"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*krátuṣ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *krátuṣ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *krátuṣ"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "क्रतु",
"tr": "krátu"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: क्रतु (krátu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: क्रतु (krátu)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*xrátuš"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *xrátuš",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *xrátuš"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬑𐬭𐬀𐬙𐬎"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬑𐬭𐬀𐬙𐬎 (xratu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬑𐬭𐬀𐬙𐬎 (xratu)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xme-old",
"2": "*xratu"
},
"expansion": "Old Median: *xratu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Median: *xratu"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "𐎧𐎼𐎬",
"bor": "1",
"ts": "xratu"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Persian: 𐎧𐎼𐎬 (x-r-tu /xratu/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Persian: 𐎧𐎼𐎬 (x-r-tu /xratu/)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "-",
"ts": "xrad"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian: (/xrad/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Persian: (/xrad/)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "𐫟𐫡𐫅",
"sc": "Mani",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Manichaean script: 𐫟𐫡𐫅 (xrd)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manichaean script: 𐫟𐫡𐫅 (xrd)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "",
"sc": "Phlv",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Book Pahlavi script: ()",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Book Pahlavi script: ()"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "xurt",
"3": "xîret",
"t1": "strong",
"t2": "wisdom; diligence"
},
"expansion": "Northern Kurdish: xurt (“strong”), xîret (“wisdom; diligence”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Kurdish: xurt (“strong”), xîret (“wisdom; diligence”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ckb",
"2": "خیرەد",
"t": "wisdom"
},
"expansion": "Central Kurdish: خیرەد (xîred, “wisdom”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Central Kurdish: خیرەد (xîred, “wisdom”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"t": "strong, hard",
"ts": "xard"
},
"expansion": "Parthian: [Term?] (/xard/, “strong, hard”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Parthian: [Term?] (/xard/, “strong, hard”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"ts": "xraθu"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian: [Term?] (/xraθu/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Persian: [Term?] (/xraθu/)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kret-",
"id": "strong"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "af",
"3": "ine-pro>*kret->insight",
"4": "ine-pro>*-us>Caland system",
"id": "intelligence"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*kré-tus"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kré-tus",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*kret-",
"3": "*us",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "*kret- + *-us",
"name": "suf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κρατύς",
"t": "strong, mighty"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κρατύς (kratús, “strong, mighty”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *kré-tus, from *kret- + *-us. Cognate with Ancient Greek κρατύς (kratús, “strong, mighty”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "iir-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "u-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "masculine u-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "krátuš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krátuH",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "krátawas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krátaw",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krátuH",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krátawas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krátum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krátuH",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "krátunš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krátuH",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krátubʰyaH",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "krátubʰiš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krátawš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krátubʰyaH",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "krátubʰyas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krátaway",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krátubʰyaH",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "krátubʰyas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krátawš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krátuwaHs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "krátunām?",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krátā?",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krátāw?",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krátuwaw",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "krátušu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*krátuš m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krátuš"
},
"name": "iir-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/krátuš",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian entries referencing etymons with invalid IDs",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian masculine nouns",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian nouns",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kret- (strong)",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian u-stem nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"intelligence, mental power"
],
"links": [
[
"intelligence",
"intelligence"
],
[
"mental",
"mental"
],
[
"power",
"power"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "krátuš"
}
Download raw JSONL data for krátuš meaning in Proto-Indo-Iranian (7.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-Iranian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (eaedd02 and 8fbd9e8). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.