See griHwáH in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for griHwáH meaning in Proto-Indo-Iranian (8.2kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*griHwáH"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *griHwáH",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *griHwáH"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ग्रीवा",
"tr": "grīvā́"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: ग्रीवा (grīvā́)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: ग्रीवा (grīvā́)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pi",
"2": "gīvā"
},
"expansion": "Pali: gīvā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pali: gīvā"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pra-sau",
"2": "𑀕𑀻𑀯𑀸"
},
"expansion": "Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀕𑀻𑀯𑀸 (gīvā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀕𑀻𑀯𑀸 (gīvā)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-ohi",
"2": "गिउ",
"3": "गिव",
"4": "गिय",
"5": "गीव"
},
"expansion": "Old Hindi: गिउ (giu), गिव (giva), गिय (giya), गीव (gīva)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Hindi: गिउ (giu), गिव (giva), गिय (giya), गीव (gīva)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*griHwáH"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *griHwáH",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *griHwáH"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬔𐬭𐬍𐬎𐬎𐬁"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬔𐬭𐬍𐬎𐬎𐬁 (grīuuā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬔𐬭𐬍𐬎𐬎𐬁 (grīuuā)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "ګروه",
"3": "ګروې",
"4": "ګرېوه",
"tr": "grë́wa",
"tr2": "grë́we",
"tr3": "gréwá"
},
"expansion": "Pashto: ګروه (grë́wa), ګروې (grë́we), ګرېوه (gréwá)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pashto: ګروه (grë́wa), ګروې (grë́we), ګرېوه (gréwá)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "-",
"ts": "grīw"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian: (/grīw/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Persian: (/grīw/)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"sc": "Phlv",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "CWLE"
},
"expansion": "Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (CWLE)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (CWLE), [Book Pahlavi needed] (glyw')"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*griHwáHnah",
"der": "1",
"t": "neck, collar"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Iranian: *griHwáHnah (“neck, collar”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Iranian: *griHwáHnah (“neck, collar”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "گرېوان",
"3": "گرېبان",
"tr": "grewā́n",
"tr2": "grebā́n"
},
"expansion": "Pashto: گرېوان (grewā́n), گرېبان (grebā́n)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pashto: گرېوان (grewā́n), گرېبان (grebā́n)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "-",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Middle Persian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Middle Persian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Book Pahlavi: [script needed] (glywbʾn' /grīwbān/, “neck-guard”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "գրապան",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Armenian: գրապան (grapan), գրապանակ (grapanak)\nMiddle Armenian: գրպան (grpan)\n→ Armenian: գրպան (grpan)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Armenian: գրապան (grapan), գրապանակ (grapanak)\nMiddle Armenian: գրպան (grpan)\n→ Armenian: գրպան (grpan)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-nur-pro",
"2": "*grīwí",
"t": "collar, neck"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Nuristani: *grīwí (“collar, neck”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Nuristani: *grīwí (“collar, neck”) (< *griHwíyaH)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northern Nuristani:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bsh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Kamkata-viri:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kamkata-viri:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xvi",
"2": "géř"
},
"expansion": "Kamviri: géř",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kamviri: géř"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bsh-kat",
"2": "gřë́k",
"3": "gë́ř"
},
"expansion": "Kativiri: gřë́k, gë́ř",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kativiri: gřë́k, gë́ř"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prn",
"2": "gīk"
},
"expansion": "Prasuni: gīk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Prasuni: gīk"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southern Nuristani:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ask",
"2": "gřṓṛ"
},
"expansion": "Ashkun: gřṓṛ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ashkun: gřṓṛ"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wbk",
"2": "grëv"
},
"expansion": "Waigali: grëv",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Waigali: grëv"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʷriHwéh₂"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷriHwéh₂",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *gʷriHwéh₂.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "iir-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "aH-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwáH",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwáy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwā́s",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "griHway",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwáy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwā́s",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwā́m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwáy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwā́s",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwáyaH́",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwáHbʰyā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwáHbʰyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwáHbʰiš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwáyaHs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwáHbʰyā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwáHbʰyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwáHbʰyas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwáyaHy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwáHbʰyā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwáHbʰyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwáHbʰyas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwáyaHs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwāyās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwáHnām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwáyaH",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwáyaHm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwāyaw",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwáHsu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*griHwáH f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "iir-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/griHwáH",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"neck, throat"
],
"id": "en-griHwáH-iir-pro-noun-CZfByacH",
"links": [
[
"neck",
"neck"
],
[
"throat",
"throat"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "griHwáH"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*griHwáH"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *griHwáH",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *griHwáH"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ग्रीवा",
"tr": "grīvā́"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: ग्रीवा (grīvā́)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: ग्रीवा (grīvā́)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pi",
"2": "gīvā"
},
"expansion": "Pali: gīvā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pali: gīvā"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pra-sau",
"2": "𑀕𑀻𑀯𑀸"
},
"expansion": "Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀕𑀻𑀯𑀸 (gīvā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀕𑀻𑀯𑀸 (gīvā)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-ohi",
"2": "गिउ",
"3": "गिव",
"4": "गिय",
"5": "गीव"
},
"expansion": "Old Hindi: गिउ (giu), गिव (giva), गिय (giya), गीव (gīva)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Hindi: गिउ (giu), गिव (giva), गिय (giya), गीव (gīva)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*griHwáH"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *griHwáH",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *griHwáH"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬔𐬭𐬍𐬎𐬎𐬁"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬔𐬭𐬍𐬎𐬎𐬁 (grīuuā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬔𐬭𐬍𐬎𐬎𐬁 (grīuuā)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "ګروه",
"3": "ګروې",
"4": "ګرېوه",
"tr": "grë́wa",
"tr2": "grë́we",
"tr3": "gréwá"
},
"expansion": "Pashto: ګروه (grë́wa), ګروې (grë́we), ګرېوه (gréwá)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pashto: ګروه (grë́wa), ګروې (grë́we), ګرېوه (gréwá)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "-",
"ts": "grīw"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian: (/grīw/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Persian: (/grīw/)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"sc": "Phlv",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "CWLE"
},
"expansion": "Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (CWLE)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (CWLE), [Book Pahlavi needed] (glyw')"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*griHwáHnah",
"der": "1",
"t": "neck, collar"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Iranian: *griHwáHnah (“neck, collar”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Iranian: *griHwáHnah (“neck, collar”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "گرېوان",
"3": "گرېبان",
"tr": "grewā́n",
"tr2": "grebā́n"
},
"expansion": "Pashto: گرېوان (grewā́n), گرېبان (grebā́n)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pashto: گرېوان (grewā́n), گرېبان (grebā́n)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "-",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Middle Persian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Middle Persian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Book Pahlavi: [script needed] (glywbʾn' /grīwbān/, “neck-guard”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "գրապան",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Armenian: գրապան (grapan), գրապանակ (grapanak)\nMiddle Armenian: գրպան (grpan)\n→ Armenian: գրպան (grpan)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Armenian: գրապան (grapan), գրապանակ (grapanak)\nMiddle Armenian: գրպան (grpan)\n→ Armenian: գրպան (grpan)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-nur-pro",
"2": "*grīwí",
"t": "collar, neck"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Nuristani: *grīwí (“collar, neck”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Nuristani: *grīwí (“collar, neck”) (< *griHwíyaH)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northern Nuristani:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bsh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Kamkata-viri:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kamkata-viri:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xvi",
"2": "géř"
},
"expansion": "Kamviri: géř",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kamviri: géř"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bsh-kat",
"2": "gřë́k",
"3": "gë́ř"
},
"expansion": "Kativiri: gřë́k, gë́ř",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kativiri: gřë́k, gë́ř"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prn",
"2": "gīk"
},
"expansion": "Prasuni: gīk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Prasuni: gīk"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southern Nuristani:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ask",
"2": "gřṓṛ"
},
"expansion": "Ashkun: gřṓṛ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ashkun: gřṓṛ"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wbk",
"2": "grëv"
},
"expansion": "Waigali: grëv",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Waigali: grëv"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʷriHwéh₂"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷriHwéh₂",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *gʷriHwéh₂.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "iir-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "aH-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwáH",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwáy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwā́s",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "griHway",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwáy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwā́s",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwā́m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwáy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwā́s",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwáyaH́",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwáHbʰyā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwáHbʰyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwáHbʰiš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwáyaHs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwáHbʰyā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwáHbʰyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwáHbʰyas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwáyaHy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwáHbʰyā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwáHbʰyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwáHbʰyas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwáyaHs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwāyās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwáHnām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwáyaH",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwáyaHm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwāyaw",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "griHwáHsu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*griHwáH f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "iir-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/griHwáH",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Indo-Iranian aH-stem nouns",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian feminine nouns",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian nouns",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"iir-pro:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"neck, throat"
],
"links": [
[
"neck",
"neck"
],
[
"throat",
"throat"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "griHwáH"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-Iranian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.