See Hwárdʰati in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"roman": "várdhati",
"word": "वर्ध॑ति"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Aryan",
"lang_code": "inc-pro",
"word": "*Hwárdʰati"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Avestan",
"lang_code": "ae",
"roman": "varədaⁱti",
"word": "𐬬𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬛𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌"
}
],
"lang": "Avestan",
"lang_code": "ae"
}
],
"lang": "Central Iranian",
"lang_code": "xme-ker"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Book Pahlavi script",
"lang_code": "pal",
"roman": "wālīdan",
"word": "wʾlytn"
},
{
"lang": "Book Pahlavi script",
"lang_code": "pal",
"roman": "wālēnīd",
"word": "wʾlynyt"
},
{
"lang": "Manichaean script",
"lang_code": "pal-Latn",
"word": "wʾrynd"
},
{
"lang": "Classical Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"roman": "bālīdan wālīdan gwālīdan",
"word": "بَالِیدَن وَالِیدَن گْوَالِیدَن"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Persian",
"lang_code": "pal"
}
],
"lang": "Southwestern Iranian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Iron Ossetian",
"lang_code": "os",
"roman": "aværdyn",
"word": "авӕрдын"
},
{
"lang": "Digor Ossetian",
"lang_code": "os",
"roman": "aværdun",
"word": "авӕрдун"
}
],
"lang": "Ossetian",
"lang_code": "os"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Iranian",
"lang_code": "ira-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes",
"+ *aH-"
],
"word": "*aHwárdati"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Iranian",
"lang_code": "ira-pro",
"word": "*Hwárdati"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "der",
"3": "unc",
"4": "ine-pro>*h₁lewdʰ->grow",
"5": "der",
"6": "unc",
"7": "ine-pro>*h₃erdʰ->increase",
"id": "grow"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁lewdʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "to grow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁lewdʰ- (“to grow”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*Hráwdʰati",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "doublet of *Hráwdʰati",
"name": "dbt"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "रोध॑ति",
"3": "",
"4": "to grow"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit रोध॑ति (ródhati, “to grow”)",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₃erdʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "to increase, grow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃erdʰ- (“to increase, grow”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*Hr̥dʰnáwti",
"3": "*Hr̥dʰyáti",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "doublet of *Hr̥dʰnáwti and *Hr̥dʰyáti",
"name": "dbt"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*rádīˀtei",
"3": "",
"4": "to give birth"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *rádīˀtei (“to give birth”)",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*verdъ",
"3": "",
"4": "wart, growth"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *verdъ (“wart, growth”)",
"name": "ncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain.\nSome forms to compare are:\n* Per Schindler, a metathesised verb from Proto-Indo-European *h₁lewdʰ- (“to grow”), making it a doublet of *Hráwdʰati (whence Sanskrit रोध॑ति (ródhati, “to grow”)).\n* Per Cheung, perhaps semantically influenced by Proto-Indo-European *h₃erdʰ- (“to increase, grow”), making it a doublet of *Hr̥dʰnáwti and *Hr̥dʰyáti.\n* Proto-Balto-Slavic *rádīˀtei (“to give birth”).\n* Proto-Slavic *verdъ (“wart, growth”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "wárdʰati",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "verb",
"head": "*(H)wárdʰati",
"head2": "",
"head3": ""
},
"expansion": "*(H)wárdʰati",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/Hwárdʰati",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-Iranian entries referencing etymons with invalid IDs",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to grow, increase"
],
"id": "en-Hwárdʰati-iir-pro-verb-ZeeH6HY3",
"links": [
[
"grow",
"grow"
],
[
"increase",
"increase"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "Hwárdʰati"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"roman": "várdhati",
"word": "वर्ध॑ति"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Aryan",
"lang_code": "inc-pro",
"word": "*Hwárdʰati"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Avestan",
"lang_code": "ae",
"roman": "varədaⁱti",
"word": "𐬬𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬛𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌"
}
],
"lang": "Avestan",
"lang_code": "ae"
}
],
"lang": "Central Iranian",
"lang_code": "xme-ker"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Book Pahlavi script",
"lang_code": "pal",
"roman": "wālīdan",
"word": "wʾlytn"
},
{
"lang": "Book Pahlavi script",
"lang_code": "pal",
"roman": "wālēnīd",
"word": "wʾlynyt"
},
{
"lang": "Manichaean script",
"lang_code": "pal-Latn",
"word": "wʾrynd"
},
{
"lang": "Classical Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"roman": "bālīdan wālīdan gwālīdan",
"word": "بَالِیدَن وَالِیدَن گْوَالِیدَن"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Persian",
"lang_code": "pal"
}
],
"lang": "Southwestern Iranian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Iron Ossetian",
"lang_code": "os",
"roman": "aværdyn",
"word": "авӕрдын"
},
{
"lang": "Digor Ossetian",
"lang_code": "os",
"roman": "aværdun",
"word": "авӕрдун"
}
],
"lang": "Ossetian",
"lang_code": "os"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Iranian",
"lang_code": "ira-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes",
"+ *aH-"
],
"word": "*aHwárdati"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Iranian",
"lang_code": "ira-pro",
"word": "*Hwárdati"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "der",
"3": "unc",
"4": "ine-pro>*h₁lewdʰ->grow",
"5": "der",
"6": "unc",
"7": "ine-pro>*h₃erdʰ->increase",
"id": "grow"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁lewdʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "to grow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁lewdʰ- (“to grow”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*Hráwdʰati",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "doublet of *Hráwdʰati",
"name": "dbt"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "रोध॑ति",
"3": "",
"4": "to grow"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit रोध॑ति (ródhati, “to grow”)",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₃erdʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "to increase, grow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃erdʰ- (“to increase, grow”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*Hr̥dʰnáwti",
"3": "*Hr̥dʰyáti",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "doublet of *Hr̥dʰnáwti and *Hr̥dʰyáti",
"name": "dbt"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*rádīˀtei",
"3": "",
"4": "to give birth"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *rádīˀtei (“to give birth”)",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*verdъ",
"3": "",
"4": "wart, growth"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *verdъ (“wart, growth”)",
"name": "ncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain.\nSome forms to compare are:\n* Per Schindler, a metathesised verb from Proto-Indo-European *h₁lewdʰ- (“to grow”), making it a doublet of *Hráwdʰati (whence Sanskrit रोध॑ति (ródhati, “to grow”)).\n* Per Cheung, perhaps semantically influenced by Proto-Indo-European *h₃erdʰ- (“to increase, grow”), making it a doublet of *Hr̥dʰnáwti and *Hr̥dʰyáti.\n* Proto-Balto-Slavic *rádīˀtei (“to give birth”).\n* Proto-Slavic *verdъ (“wart, growth”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "wárdʰati",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "verb",
"head": "*(H)wárdʰati",
"head2": "",
"head3": ""
},
"expansion": "*(H)wárdʰati",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/Hwárdʰati",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian entries referencing etymons with invalid IDs",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₃erdʰ-",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian terms with unknown etymologies",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to grow, increase"
],
"links": [
[
"grow",
"grow"
],
[
"increase",
"increase"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "Hwárdʰati"
}
Download raw JSONL data for Hwárdʰati meaning in Proto-Indo-Iranian (4.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-Iranian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-29 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-23 using wiktextract (ffdbfc3 and b9346a0). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.