See ćúšnas in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for ćúšnas meaning in Proto-Indo-Iranian (5.5kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*śúšnas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *śúšnas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *śúšnas"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "शुष्ण",
"t": "name of a demon slain by Indra",
"tr": "śúṣṇa"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: शुष्ण (śúṣṇa, “name of a demon slain by Indra”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: शुष्ण (śúṣṇa, “name of a demon slain by Indra”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*cúšnaH",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *cúšnaH f",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *cúšnaH f"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sgh",
"g": "f",
"tr": "sāγ̌(d)"
},
"expansion": "Shughni: [script needed] f (sāγ̌(d))",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shughni: [script needed] f (sāγ̌(d))"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Bartagni: [script needed] f (sāwn, “big snake”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Khufi: [script needed] f (sāw)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Rushani: [script needed] f (sāw, “kind of snake”)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "qsb-bma"
},
"expansion": "the BMAC substrate",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*smokъ",
"3": "",
"4": "dragon"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *smokъ (“dragon”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*cúšnakah"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *cúšnakah",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly borrowed from the BMAC substrate. Compare Proto-Slavic *smokъ (“dragon”), which may be a borrowing from Proto-Iranian *cúšnakah.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "iir-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "masculine a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ćúšnas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ćúšnā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "ćúšnā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-āsas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ćúšna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ćúšnā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ćúšnā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-āsas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ćúšnam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ćúšnā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ćúšnāns",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ćúšnā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ćúšnaybʰyaH",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "-ābʰyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "ćúšnāyš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ćúšnāt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ćúšnaybʰyaH",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-ābʰyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ćúšnaybʰyas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ćúšnāy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ćúšnaybʰyaH",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-ābʰyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ćúšnaybʰyas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ćúšnasya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ćúšnayās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ćúšnānam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ćúšnānaHm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ćúšnay",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ćúšnayaw",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "ćúšnayšu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*ćúšnas m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "iir-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/ćúšnas",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dragon, serpent"
],
"id": "en-ćúšnas-iir-pro-noun-BWHs2lTd",
"links": [
[
"mythology",
"mythology"
],
[
"dragon",
"dragon"
],
[
"serpent",
"serpent"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mythology) dragon, serpent"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"mysticism",
"mythology",
"philosophy",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"word": "ćúšnas"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*śúšnas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *śúšnas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *śúšnas"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "शुष्ण",
"t": "name of a demon slain by Indra",
"tr": "śúṣṇa"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: शुष्ण (śúṣṇa, “name of a demon slain by Indra”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: शुष्ण (śúṣṇa, “name of a demon slain by Indra”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*cúšnaH",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *cúšnaH f",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *cúšnaH f"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sgh",
"g": "f",
"tr": "sāγ̌(d)"
},
"expansion": "Shughni: [script needed] f (sāγ̌(d))",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shughni: [script needed] f (sāγ̌(d))"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Bartagni: [script needed] f (sāwn, “big snake”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Khufi: [script needed] f (sāw)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Rushani: [script needed] f (sāw, “kind of snake”)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "qsb-bma"
},
"expansion": "the BMAC substrate",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*smokъ",
"3": "",
"4": "dragon"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *smokъ (“dragon”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*cúšnakah"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *cúšnakah",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly borrowed from the BMAC substrate. Compare Proto-Slavic *smokъ (“dragon”), which may be a borrowing from Proto-Iranian *cúšnakah.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "iir-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "masculine a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ćúšnas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ćúšnā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "ćúšnā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-āsas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ćúšna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ćúšnā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ćúšnā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-āsas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ćúšnam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ćúšnā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ćúšnāns",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ćúšnā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ćúšnaybʰyaH",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "-ābʰyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "ćúšnāyš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ćúšnāt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ćúšnaybʰyaH",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-ābʰyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ćúšnaybʰyas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ćúšnāy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ćúšnaybʰyaH",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-ābʰyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ćúšnaybʰyas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ćúšnasya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ćúšnayās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ćúšnānam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ćúšnānaHm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ćúšnay",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ćúšnayaw",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "ćúšnayšu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*ćúšnas m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "iir-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/ćúšnas",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Indo-Iranian a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian masculine nouns",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian nouns",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian terms borrowed from the BMAC substrate",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian terms derived from the BMAC substrate",
"iir-pro:Mythology"
],
"glosses": [
"dragon, serpent"
],
"links": [
[
"mythology",
"mythology"
],
[
"dragon",
"dragon"
],
[
"serpent",
"serpent"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mythology) dragon, serpent"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"mysticism",
"mythology",
"philosophy",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"word": "ćúšnas"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-Iranian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.