See wi in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for wi meaning in Proto-Indo-European (7.3kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "61 39",
"english": "without, except; see there for further descendants",
"roman": "vínā",
"sense": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wínaH",
"tags": [
"Sanskrit"
],
"word": "विना"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 37",
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"sense": "Proto-Germanic: *wiþeraz",
"word": "⇒ Proto-Germanic: *wiþrą"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"english": "far away",
"roman": "vitara",
"sense": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wítaras",
"tags": [
"Sanskrit"
],
"word": "वितर"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 31",
"english": "both sides; far away; lateral",
"roman": "vītara",
"sense": "Proto-Iranian: *wítarah",
"word": "𐬬𐬍𐬙𐬀𐬭𐬀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"sense": "*wíteros (with *-teros)",
"tags": [
"Proto-Slavic",
"possibly"
],
"word": "vъtorъ"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*wí"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wí",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wí"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*wí"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wí",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wí"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "वि",
"t": "apart, asunder, through",
"tr": "ví"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: वि (ví, “apart, asunder, through”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: वि (ví, “apart, asunder, through”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*wí"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *wí",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *wí"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬬𐬍",
"t": "separate, apart, asunder, through"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬬𐬍 (vī, “separate, apart, asunder, through”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬬𐬍 (vī, “separate, apart, asunder, through”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kho",
"3": "",
"tr": "bi-",
"tr2": "gva-"
},
"expansion": "Khotanese: [script needed] (bi-), [script needed] (gva-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khotanese: [script needed] (bi-), [script needed] (gva-)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbc",
"2": "οι",
"alt": "οι-",
"ts": "wi-"
},
"expansion": "Bactrian: οι- (oi- /wi-/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bactrian: οι- (oi- /wi-/)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xco",
"2": "و",
"alt": "وـ",
"tr": "w-",
"ts": "*wi-"
},
"expansion": "Khwarezmian: وـ (w- /*wi-/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khwarezmian: وـ (w- /*wi-/)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "-",
"ts": "wi-"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian: (/wi-/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sogdian: (/wi-/)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"sc": "Sogd",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "w-"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian script: [script needed] (w-)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"sc": "Sogd",
"tr": "wy-"
},
"expansion": "[script needed] (wy-)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Sogdian script: [script needed] (w-), [script needed] (wy-)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "𐫇",
"alt": "𐫇-",
"sc": "Mani",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Manichaean script: 𐫇- (w-)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "𐫇𐫏",
"3": "𐫇𐫏-",
"sc": "Mani"
},
"expansion": "𐫇𐫏- (wy-)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Manichaean script: 𐫇- (w-), 𐫇𐫏- (wy-)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "ܘ",
"alt": "ܘ-",
"sc": "Syrc",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "w-"
},
"expansion": "Syriac script: ܘ- (w-)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "ܘܝ",
"3": "ܘܝ-",
"sc": "Syrc",
"tr": "wy-"
},
"expansion": "ܘܝ- (wy-)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Syriac script: ܘ- (w-), ܘܝ- (wy-)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "-",
"t": "apart",
"ts": "wi-"
},
"expansion": "Parthian: (/wi-/, “apart”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Parthian: (/wi-/, “apart”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "𐭅𐭉",
"alt": "𐭅𐭉-",
"sc": "Prti",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Inscriptional Parthian script: 𐭅𐭉- (wy-)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "𐭅",
"3": "𐭅-",
"sc": "Prti"
},
"expansion": "𐭅- (w-)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Inscriptional Parthian script: 𐭅𐭉- (wy-), 𐭅- (w-)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "𐫇𐫏",
"alt": "𐫇𐫏-",
"sc": "Mani",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Manichaean script: 𐫇𐫏- (wy-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manichaean script: 𐫇𐫏- (wy-)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "𐎻𐎡",
"ts": "vi-"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian: 𐎻𐎡 (vi-i /vi-/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Persian: 𐎻𐎡 (vi-i /vi-/)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "-",
"t": "apart",
"ts": "wi-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian: (/wi-/, “apart”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Persian: (/wi-/, “apart”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "𐫇𐫏",
"alt": "𐫇𐫏-",
"sc": "Mani",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Manichaean script: 𐫇𐫏- (wy-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manichaean script: 𐫇𐫏- (wy-)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "𐭥𐭩",
"alt": "𐭥𐭩-",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "wy-"
},
"expansion": "Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭥𐭩- (wy-)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "𐭥",
"3": "𐭥-",
"sc": "Phli",
"tr": "w-"
},
"expansion": "𐭥- (w-)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭥𐭩- (wy-), 𐭥- (w-)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"sc": "Phlv",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "wy-"
},
"expansion": "Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (wy-)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"sc": "Phlv",
"tr": "w-"
},
"expansion": "[Book Pahlavi needed] (w-)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (wy-), [Book Pahlavi needed] (w-)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "𐮅𐮈",
"alt": "𐮅𐮈-",
"sc": "Phlp",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "wy-"
},
"expansion": "Psalter Pahlavi script: 𐮅𐮈- (wy-)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "𐮅",
"3": "𐮅-",
"sc": "Phlp",
"tr": "w-"
},
"expansion": "𐮅- (w-)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Psalter Pahlavi script: 𐮅𐮈- (wy-), 𐮅- (w-)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "𐬬𐬀",
"alt": "𐬬𐬀-",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Pazend script: 𐬬𐬀- (va-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pazend script: 𐬬𐬀- (va-)"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "adverb",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "*wi",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/wi",
"pos": "adv",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "dwi-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"alt": "nawi",
"english": "not yet",
"sense": "Anatolian",
"word": "[script needed]"
}
],
"glosses": [
"apart, asunder"
],
"id": "en-wi-ine-pro-adv-guClUy7Q",
"links": [
[
"apart",
"apart"
],
[
"asunder",
"asunder"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 67",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"away from, against"
],
"id": "en-wi-ine-pro-adv-aakgQuGZ",
"links": [
[
"away",
"away"
],
[
"against",
"against"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "wi"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Indo-European adverbs",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "without, except; see there for further descendants",
"roman": "vínā",
"sense": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wínaH",
"tags": [
"Sanskrit"
],
"word": "विना"
},
{
"alt": "nawi",
"english": "not yet",
"sense": "Anatolian",
"word": "[script needed]"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"sense": "Proto-Germanic: *wiþeraz",
"word": "⇒ Proto-Germanic: *wiþrą"
},
{
"english": "far away",
"roman": "vitara",
"sense": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wítaras",
"tags": [
"Sanskrit"
],
"word": "वितर"
},
{
"english": "both sides; far away; lateral",
"roman": "vītara",
"sense": "Proto-Iranian: *wítarah",
"word": "𐬬𐬍𐬙𐬀𐬭𐬀"
},
{
"sense": "*wíteros (with *-teros)",
"tags": [
"Proto-Slavic",
"possibly"
],
"word": "vъtorъ"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*wí"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wí",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wí"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*wí"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wí",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wí"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "वि",
"t": "apart, asunder, through",
"tr": "ví"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: वि (ví, “apart, asunder, through”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: वि (ví, “apart, asunder, through”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*wí"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *wí",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *wí"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬬𐬍",
"t": "separate, apart, asunder, through"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬬𐬍 (vī, “separate, apart, asunder, through”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬬𐬍 (vī, “separate, apart, asunder, through”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kho",
"3": "",
"tr": "bi-",
"tr2": "gva-"
},
"expansion": "Khotanese: [script needed] (bi-), [script needed] (gva-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khotanese: [script needed] (bi-), [script needed] (gva-)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbc",
"2": "οι",
"alt": "οι-",
"ts": "wi-"
},
"expansion": "Bactrian: οι- (oi- /wi-/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bactrian: οι- (oi- /wi-/)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xco",
"2": "و",
"alt": "وـ",
"tr": "w-",
"ts": "*wi-"
},
"expansion": "Khwarezmian: وـ (w- /*wi-/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khwarezmian: وـ (w- /*wi-/)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "-",
"ts": "wi-"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian: (/wi-/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sogdian: (/wi-/)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"sc": "Sogd",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "w-"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian script: [script needed] (w-)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"sc": "Sogd",
"tr": "wy-"
},
"expansion": "[script needed] (wy-)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Sogdian script: [script needed] (w-), [script needed] (wy-)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "𐫇",
"alt": "𐫇-",
"sc": "Mani",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Manichaean script: 𐫇- (w-)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "𐫇𐫏",
"3": "𐫇𐫏-",
"sc": "Mani"
},
"expansion": "𐫇𐫏- (wy-)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Manichaean script: 𐫇- (w-), 𐫇𐫏- (wy-)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "ܘ",
"alt": "ܘ-",
"sc": "Syrc",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "w-"
},
"expansion": "Syriac script: ܘ- (w-)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "ܘܝ",
"3": "ܘܝ-",
"sc": "Syrc",
"tr": "wy-"
},
"expansion": "ܘܝ- (wy-)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Syriac script: ܘ- (w-), ܘܝ- (wy-)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "-",
"t": "apart",
"ts": "wi-"
},
"expansion": "Parthian: (/wi-/, “apart”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Parthian: (/wi-/, “apart”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "𐭅𐭉",
"alt": "𐭅𐭉-",
"sc": "Prti",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Inscriptional Parthian script: 𐭅𐭉- (wy-)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "𐭅",
"3": "𐭅-",
"sc": "Prti"
},
"expansion": "𐭅- (w-)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Inscriptional Parthian script: 𐭅𐭉- (wy-), 𐭅- (w-)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "𐫇𐫏",
"alt": "𐫇𐫏-",
"sc": "Mani",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Manichaean script: 𐫇𐫏- (wy-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manichaean script: 𐫇𐫏- (wy-)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "𐎻𐎡",
"ts": "vi-"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian: 𐎻𐎡 (vi-i /vi-/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Persian: 𐎻𐎡 (vi-i /vi-/)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "-",
"t": "apart",
"ts": "wi-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian: (/wi-/, “apart”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Persian: (/wi-/, “apart”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "𐫇𐫏",
"alt": "𐫇𐫏-",
"sc": "Mani",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Manichaean script: 𐫇𐫏- (wy-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manichaean script: 𐫇𐫏- (wy-)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "𐭥𐭩",
"alt": "𐭥𐭩-",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "wy-"
},
"expansion": "Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭥𐭩- (wy-)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "𐭥",
"3": "𐭥-",
"sc": "Phli",
"tr": "w-"
},
"expansion": "𐭥- (w-)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭥𐭩- (wy-), 𐭥- (w-)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"sc": "Phlv",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "wy-"
},
"expansion": "Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (wy-)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"sc": "Phlv",
"tr": "w-"
},
"expansion": "[Book Pahlavi needed] (w-)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (wy-), [Book Pahlavi needed] (w-)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "𐮅𐮈",
"alt": "𐮅𐮈-",
"sc": "Phlp",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "wy-"
},
"expansion": "Psalter Pahlavi script: 𐮅𐮈- (wy-)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "𐮅",
"3": "𐮅-",
"sc": "Phlp",
"tr": "w-"
},
"expansion": "𐮅- (w-)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Psalter Pahlavi script: 𐮅𐮈- (wy-), 𐮅- (w-)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "𐬬𐬀",
"alt": "𐬬𐬀-",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Pazend script: 𐬬𐬀- (va-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pazend script: 𐬬𐬀- (va-)"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "adverb",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "*wi",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/wi",
"pos": "adv",
"related": [
{
"word": "dwi-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"apart, asunder"
],
"links": [
[
"apart",
"apart"
],
[
"asunder",
"asunder"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"away from, against"
],
"links": [
[
"away",
"away"
],
[
"against",
"against"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "wi"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.