See weyk- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for weyk- meaning in Proto-Indo-European (18.4kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wi-né-k-ti ~ wi-n-k-énti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "विनक्ति"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: विनक्ति (vinakti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: विनक्ति (vinakti)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wik-néh₂-ti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*wikkōną",
"t": "to practice sorcery"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *wikkōną (“to practice sorcery”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *wikkōną (“to practice sorcery”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*weyk-o-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*wīhaz",
"t": "sacred"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *wīhaz (“sacred”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *wīhaz (“sacred”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wéyk-o-m"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*wīhą",
"t": "sanctuary"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *wīhą (“sanctuary”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *wīhą (“sanctuary”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wik-tm̥mó-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "victima"
},
"expansion": "Latin: victima",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: victima (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Extension of *wey- (“to separate”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weyk- table",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/weyk-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "40 13 13 33 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European ReRC-shape roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 22 25 26 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 22 26 27 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European homonymic roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 22 26 27 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European perfective roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 22 26 27 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to separate, to choose"
],
"id": "en-weyk--ine-pro-root-p4ZNszrm",
"links": [
[
"separate",
"separate"
],
[
"choose",
"choose"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "weyk-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wik-é-ti (zero-grade thematic root present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*wiketi",
"t": "to fight"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *wiketi (“to fight”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *wiketi (“to fight”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*wiganą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *wiganą",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *wiganą (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wi-né-k-ti ~ *wi-n-k-énti (nasal-infix present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*winkō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *winkō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *winkō"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "vincō"
},
"expansion": "Latin: vincō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: vincō"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wi-wéyk-ti ~ *wi-wik-énti (reduplicated athematic present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*wiwiktá"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wiwiktá",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wiwiktá"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*wiwiktá"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wiwiktá",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wiwiktá"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "विविक्त",
"tr": "viviktá"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: विविक्त (viviktá)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: विविक्त (viviktá)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wéyk-ye-ti (ye-present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "veĩkti"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: veĩkti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: veĩkti"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wéyk-tōr ~ *wik-tr-és"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Italic: *wiktōr"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "victor"
},
"expansion": "Latin: victor",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: victor"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wóyk-os"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*wáikas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *wáikas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *wáikas"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "viẽkas"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: viẽkas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: viẽkas"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*věkъ",
"t": "age"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *věkъ (“age”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *věkъ (“age”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "vīkt"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: vīkt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: vīkt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Extension of *wey- (“to separate”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weyk- table",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/weyk-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "40 13 13 33 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European ReRC-shape roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 22 25 26 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 22 26 27 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European homonymic roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 22 26 27 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European perfective roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 22 26 27 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to contain, to envelop"
],
"id": "en-weyk--ine-pro-root-3Eu02fAt",
"links": [
[
"contain",
"contain"
],
[
"envelop",
"envelop"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"perfective",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "40 13 13 33 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European ReRC-shape roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 22 25 26 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 22 26 27 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European homonymic roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 22 26 27 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European perfective roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 22 26 27 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to overcome"
],
"id": "en-weyk--ine-pro-root-dPuoHZ5S",
"links": [
[
"overcome",
"overcome"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"perfective",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "weyk-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*we-woyk- (dupl. perfect)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἔοικα"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ἔοικα (éoika)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ἔοικα (éoika)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wik-sḱeti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἴσκω"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ἴσκω (ískō)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ἴσκω (ískō)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*we-wik-sḱeti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἐΐσκω"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ἐΐσκω (eḯskō)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ἐΐσκω (eḯskō)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wéyk-ō ~ *wik-nés"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "εἰκών"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: εἰκών (eikṓn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: εἰκών (eikṓn)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἀεικής"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ἀεικής (aeikḗs)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ἀεικής (aeikḗs)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "εἰκάζω"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: εἰκάζω (eikázō)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: εἰκάζω (eikázō)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "εἴκελος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: εἴκελος (eíkelos)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: εἴκελος (eíkelos)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἐπιεικής"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ἐπιεικής (epieikḗs)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ἐπιεικής (epieikḗs)"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Extension of *wey- (“to separate”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weyk- table",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/weyk-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "40 13 13 33 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European ReRC-shape roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 22 25 26 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 22 26 27 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European homonymic roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 22 26 27 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European perfective roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 22 26 27 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to become equal"
],
"id": "en-weyk--ine-pro-root-nVxhiWF7",
"links": [
[
"become",
"become"
],
[
"equal",
"equal"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "weyk-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*weyk-e-ti (root present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*wéikō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *wéikō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *wéikō"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "εἴκω"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: εἴκω (eíkō)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: εἴκω (eíkō)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wi-né-k- ~ *wi-n-k- (nasal-infix present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*winkjō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *winkjō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *winkjō"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "vinciō"
},
"expansion": "Latin: vinciō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: vinciō"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wik-i-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*wikis"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *wikis",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *wikis"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "vicis"
},
"expansion": "Latin: vicis",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: vicis (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"alt": "*weyk-i-eh₂",
"der": "1",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ *weyk-i-eh₂",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ *weyk-i-eh₂"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*wikiā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *wikiā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *wikiā"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "vicia",
"t": "vetch",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Latin: vicia (“vetch”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Latin: vicia (“vetch”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "wéyk-s (root noun)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*kerweiks"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *kerweiks",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "+ *ḱerh₂-"
},
"expansion": "(+ *ḱerh₂-)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *kerweiks (+ *ḱerh₂-)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "cervīx"
},
"expansion": "Latin: cervīx",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: cervīx (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*uig-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *uig-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *uig-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "vig"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: vig",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: vig"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "vigan"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: vigan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: vigan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*wíkti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wíkti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wíkti"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*wíxti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *wíxti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *wíxti"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬬𐬌𐬘",
"t": "to shake"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬬𐬌𐬘 (vij, “to shake”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬬𐬌𐬘 (vij, “to shake”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Middle Persian:[script needed] (wyc- /wēz-/, “to swing, fling, sprinkle”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*ṷi-wíxti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *ṷi-wíxti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "> Proto-Iranian: *ṷi-wíxti:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "",
"t": "to move, progress",
"tr": "whyc",
"ts": "wihēz"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian: [script needed] (whyc /wihēz/, “to move, progress”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Persian: [script needed] (whyc /wihēz/, “to move, progress”), [script needed] (whyck' /wihēzag/, “intercalary month”)"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "بهیزه",
"t": "intercalary month in the Zoroastrian calendar",
"tr": "behize"
},
"expansion": "Persian: بهیزه (behize, “intercalary month in the Zoroastrian calendar”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Persian: بهیزه (behize, “intercalary month in the Zoroastrian calendar”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sodgian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "ܘܝܨ",
"t": "to move, shake",
"tr": "wyc",
"ts": "wēč"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian: ܘܝܨ (wyc /wēč/, “to move, shake”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Christian Sogdian: ܘܝܨ (wyc /wēč/, “to move, shake”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "𐼴𐼷𐼿",
"t": "to move, shake",
"tr": "wyc",
"ts": "wēč"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian: 𐼴𐼷𐼿 (wyc /wēč/, “to move, shake”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Buddhaist Sogdian: 𐼴𐼷𐼿 (wyc /wēč/, “to move, shake”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Persian:بیختن (bixtan, “to shake”) , آویختن (âvixtan, “to hang, suspend”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Baluchi:گتک (gētk, “to put, swim, turn towards, abort”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Zazaki: vijyanyış (vīžyāyiš, “to come out, appear”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*wihslaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *wihslaz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *wihslaz"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*wīkwaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *wīkwaną",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *wīkwaną"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Extension of *wey- (“to separate”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weyk- table",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/weyk-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to curve, bend"
],
"id": "en-weyk--ine-pro-root-Ynr~ARS0",
"links": [
[
"curve",
"curve"
],
[
"bend",
"bend"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to exchange"
],
"id": "en-weyk--ine-pro-root-TYdFqtfZ",
"links": [
[
"exchange",
"exchange"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "weyk-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Indo-European ReRC-shape roots",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European homonymic roots",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European perfective roots",
"Proto-Indo-European roots"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wi-né-k-ti ~ wi-n-k-énti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "विनक्ति"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: विनक्ति (vinakti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: विनक्ति (vinakti)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wik-néh₂-ti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*wikkōną",
"t": "to practice sorcery"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *wikkōną (“to practice sorcery”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *wikkōną (“to practice sorcery”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*weyk-o-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*wīhaz",
"t": "sacred"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *wīhaz (“sacred”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *wīhaz (“sacred”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wéyk-o-m"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*wīhą",
"t": "sanctuary"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *wīhą (“sanctuary”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *wīhą (“sanctuary”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wik-tm̥mó-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "victima"
},
"expansion": "Latin: victima",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: victima (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Extension of *wey- (“to separate”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weyk- table",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/weyk-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to separate, to choose"
],
"links": [
[
"separate",
"separate"
],
[
"choose",
"choose"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "weyk-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Indo-European ReRC-shape roots",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European homonymic roots",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European perfective roots",
"Proto-Indo-European roots"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wik-é-ti (zero-grade thematic root present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*wiketi",
"t": "to fight"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *wiketi (“to fight”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *wiketi (“to fight”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*wiganą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *wiganą",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *wiganą (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wi-né-k-ti ~ *wi-n-k-énti (nasal-infix present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*winkō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *winkō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *winkō"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "vincō"
},
"expansion": "Latin: vincō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: vincō"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wi-wéyk-ti ~ *wi-wik-énti (reduplicated athematic present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*wiwiktá"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wiwiktá",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wiwiktá"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*wiwiktá"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wiwiktá",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wiwiktá"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "विविक्त",
"tr": "viviktá"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: विविक्त (viviktá)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: विविक्त (viviktá)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wéyk-ye-ti (ye-present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "veĩkti"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: veĩkti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: veĩkti"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wéyk-tōr ~ *wik-tr-és"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Italic: *wiktōr"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "victor"
},
"expansion": "Latin: victor",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: victor"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wóyk-os"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*wáikas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *wáikas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *wáikas"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "viẽkas"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: viẽkas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: viẽkas"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*věkъ",
"t": "age"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *věkъ (“age”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *věkъ (“age”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "vīkt"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: vīkt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: vīkt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Extension of *wey- (“to separate”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weyk- table",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/weyk-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to contain, to envelop"
],
"links": [
[
"contain",
"contain"
],
[
"envelop",
"envelop"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"perfective",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to overcome"
],
"links": [
[
"overcome",
"overcome"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"perfective",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "weyk-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Indo-European ReRC-shape roots",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European homonymic roots",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European perfective roots",
"Proto-Indo-European roots"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*we-woyk- (dupl. perfect)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἔοικα"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ἔοικα (éoika)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ἔοικα (éoika)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wik-sḱeti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἴσκω"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ἴσκω (ískō)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ἴσκω (ískō)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*we-wik-sḱeti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἐΐσκω"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ἐΐσκω (eḯskō)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ἐΐσκω (eḯskō)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wéyk-ō ~ *wik-nés"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "εἰκών"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: εἰκών (eikṓn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: εἰκών (eikṓn)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἀεικής"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ἀεικής (aeikḗs)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ἀεικής (aeikḗs)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "εἰκάζω"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: εἰκάζω (eikázō)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: εἰκάζω (eikázō)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "εἴκελος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: εἴκελος (eíkelos)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: εἴκελος (eíkelos)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἐπιεικής"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ἐπιεικής (epieikḗs)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ἐπιεικής (epieikḗs)"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Extension of *wey- (“to separate”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weyk- table",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/weyk-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to become equal"
],
"links": [
[
"become",
"become"
],
[
"equal",
"equal"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "weyk-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Indo-European ReRC-shape roots",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European homonymic roots",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European perfective roots",
"Proto-Indo-European roots"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*weyk-e-ti (root present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*wéikō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *wéikō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *wéikō"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "εἴκω"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: εἴκω (eíkō)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: εἴκω (eíkō)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wi-né-k- ~ *wi-n-k- (nasal-infix present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*winkjō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *winkjō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *winkjō"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "vinciō"
},
"expansion": "Latin: vinciō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: vinciō"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wik-i-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*wikis"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *wikis",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *wikis"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "vicis"
},
"expansion": "Latin: vicis",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: vicis (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"alt": "*weyk-i-eh₂",
"der": "1",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ *weyk-i-eh₂",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ *weyk-i-eh₂"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*wikiā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *wikiā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *wikiā"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "vicia",
"t": "vetch",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Latin: vicia (“vetch”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Latin: vicia (“vetch”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "wéyk-s (root noun)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*kerweiks"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *kerweiks",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "+ *ḱerh₂-"
},
"expansion": "(+ *ḱerh₂-)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *kerweiks (+ *ḱerh₂-)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "cervīx"
},
"expansion": "Latin: cervīx",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: cervīx (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*uig-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *uig-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *uig-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "vig"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: vig",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: vig"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "vigan"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: vigan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: vigan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*wíkti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wíkti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wíkti"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*wíxti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *wíxti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *wíxti"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬬𐬌𐬘",
"t": "to shake"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬬𐬌𐬘 (vij, “to shake”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬬𐬌𐬘 (vij, “to shake”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Middle Persian:[script needed] (wyc- /wēz-/, “to swing, fling, sprinkle”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*ṷi-wíxti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *ṷi-wíxti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "> Proto-Iranian: *ṷi-wíxti:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "",
"t": "to move, progress",
"tr": "whyc",
"ts": "wihēz"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian: [script needed] (whyc /wihēz/, “to move, progress”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Persian: [script needed] (whyc /wihēz/, “to move, progress”), [script needed] (whyck' /wihēzag/, “intercalary month”)"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "بهیزه",
"t": "intercalary month in the Zoroastrian calendar",
"tr": "behize"
},
"expansion": "Persian: بهیزه (behize, “intercalary month in the Zoroastrian calendar”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Persian: بهیزه (behize, “intercalary month in the Zoroastrian calendar”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sodgian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "ܘܝܨ",
"t": "to move, shake",
"tr": "wyc",
"ts": "wēč"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian: ܘܝܨ (wyc /wēč/, “to move, shake”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Christian Sogdian: ܘܝܨ (wyc /wēč/, “to move, shake”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "𐼴𐼷𐼿",
"t": "to move, shake",
"tr": "wyc",
"ts": "wēč"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian: 𐼴𐼷𐼿 (wyc /wēč/, “to move, shake”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Buddhaist Sogdian: 𐼴𐼷𐼿 (wyc /wēč/, “to move, shake”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Persian:بیختن (bixtan, “to shake”) , آویختن (âvixtan, “to hang, suspend”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Baluchi:گتک (gētk, “to put, swim, turn towards, abort”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Zazaki: vijyanyış (vīžyāyiš, “to come out, appear”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*wihslaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *wihslaz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *wihslaz"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*wīkwaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *wīkwaną",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *wīkwaną"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Extension of *wey- (“to separate”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weyk- table",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/weyk-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to curve, bend"
],
"links": [
[
"curve",
"curve"
],
[
"bend",
"bend"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to exchange"
],
"links": [
[
"exchange",
"exchange"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "weyk-"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-19 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-06 using wiktextract (372f256 and 664a3bc). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.