See werǵ- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for werǵ- meaning in Proto-Indo-European (7.1kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wérǵ-e-ti (thematic present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*wregeti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *wregeti",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "through schwebeablaut"
},
"expansion": "(through schwebeablaut)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *wregeti (see there for further descendants) (through schwebeablaut)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wr̥ǵ-yé-ti (zero-grade ye-present)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wérǵ-ye-ti (full-grade ye-present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*wirkijaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *wirkijaną",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *wirkijaną (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἔρδω",
"gloss": "I do"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ἔρδω (érdō, “I do”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ἔρδω (érdō, “I do”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ῥέζω",
"gloss": "I do"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ῥέζω (rhézō, “I do”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ῥέζω (rhézō, “I do”) (< *wreǵ-ye- with secondary e-grade)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*werǵ-éh₂"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*wergā",
"t": "anger"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *wergā (“anger”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *wergā (“anger”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*worǵ-éh₂"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*worgā́",
"t": "temper; anger, passion"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *worgā́ (“temper; anger, passion”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *worgā́ (“temper; anger, passion”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ὀργή"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ὀργή (orgḗ)\nGreek: οργή (orgí)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ὀργή (orgḗ)\nGreek: οργή (orgí)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*werǵ-o-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*wergos",
"pos": "adj."
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *wergos (adj.)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *wergos (adj.) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*worǵ-ó-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*worgós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *worgós",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *worgós, *-worgós (“worker, maker”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "-ουργός"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: -ουργός (-ourgós)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: -ουργός (-ourgós)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmy",
"2": "-𐀺𐀒",
"ts": "-worgos"
},
"expansion": "Mycenaean Greek: -𐀺𐀒 (-wo-ko /-worgos/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mycenaean Greek: -𐀺𐀒 (-wo-ko /-worgos/)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wérǵ-o-m"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wr̥ǵ-tó-s"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Albanian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "argëtoj"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: argëtoj",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: argëtoj, argëtim"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ὄργανον"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ὄργανον (órganon)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ὄργανον (órganon) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ὄργιον"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ὄργιον (órgion)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ὄργιον (órgion), ὄργῐᾰ (órgia)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmy",
"2": "𐀺𐀫𐀑𐀍𐀚𐀍",
"ts": "worgioneios",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Mycenaean Greek: 𐀺𐀫𐀑𐀍𐀚𐀍 (wo-ro-ki-jo-ne-jo /worgioneios/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Mycenaean Greek: 𐀺𐀫𐀑𐀍𐀚𐀍 (wo-ro-ki-jo-ne-jo /worgioneios/)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*warȷ́-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *warȷ́-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *warȷ́-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*warj-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *warj-",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *warj- (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*swawr̥šti",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Indo-Iranian: *swawr̥šti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Indo-Iranian: *swawr̥šti"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*swawr̥ṣṭi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *swawr̥ṣṭi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *swawr̥ṣṭi"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "स्ववृष्टि",
"t": "doing his own work, epithet of Indra",
"tr": "svávṛṣṭi"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: स्ववृष्टि (svávṛṣṭi, “doing his own work, epithet of Indra”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: स्ववृष्टि (svávṛṣṭi, “doing his own work, epithet of Indra”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-toc-pro",
"2": "*wärk-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tocharian: *wärk-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Tocharian: *wärk-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "wärkṣäl"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian A: wärkṣäl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian A: wärkṣäl"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "warkṣäl"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B: warkṣäl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian B: warkṣäl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/werǵ-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European ReRC-shape roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to make"
],
"id": "en-werǵ--ine-pro-root-akNDa9RO",
"links": [
[
"make",
"make"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"word": "werǵ-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wérǵ-e-ti (thematic present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*wregeti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *wregeti",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "through schwebeablaut"
},
"expansion": "(through schwebeablaut)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *wregeti (see there for further descendants) (through schwebeablaut)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wr̥ǵ-yé-ti (zero-grade ye-present)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wérǵ-ye-ti (full-grade ye-present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*wirkijaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *wirkijaną",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *wirkijaną (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἔρδω",
"gloss": "I do"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ἔρδω (érdō, “I do”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ἔρδω (érdō, “I do”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ῥέζω",
"gloss": "I do"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ῥέζω (rhézō, “I do”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ῥέζω (rhézō, “I do”) (< *wreǵ-ye- with secondary e-grade)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*werǵ-éh₂"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*wergā",
"t": "anger"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *wergā (“anger”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *wergā (“anger”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*worǵ-éh₂"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*worgā́",
"t": "temper; anger, passion"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *worgā́ (“temper; anger, passion”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *worgā́ (“temper; anger, passion”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ὀργή"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ὀργή (orgḗ)\nGreek: οργή (orgí)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ὀργή (orgḗ)\nGreek: οργή (orgí)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*werǵ-o-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*wergos",
"pos": "adj."
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *wergos (adj.)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *wergos (adj.) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*worǵ-ó-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*worgós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *worgós",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *worgós, *-worgós (“worker, maker”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "-ουργός"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: -ουργός (-ourgós)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: -ουργός (-ourgós)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmy",
"2": "-𐀺𐀒",
"ts": "-worgos"
},
"expansion": "Mycenaean Greek: -𐀺𐀒 (-wo-ko /-worgos/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mycenaean Greek: -𐀺𐀒 (-wo-ko /-worgos/)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wérǵ-o-m"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wr̥ǵ-tó-s"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Albanian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "argëtoj"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: argëtoj",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: argëtoj, argëtim"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ὄργανον"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ὄργανον (órganon)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ὄργανον (órganon) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ὄργιον"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ὄργιον (órgion)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ὄργιον (órgion), ὄργῐᾰ (órgia)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmy",
"2": "𐀺𐀫𐀑𐀍𐀚𐀍",
"ts": "worgioneios",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Mycenaean Greek: 𐀺𐀫𐀑𐀍𐀚𐀍 (wo-ro-ki-jo-ne-jo /worgioneios/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Mycenaean Greek: 𐀺𐀫𐀑𐀍𐀚𐀍 (wo-ro-ki-jo-ne-jo /worgioneios/)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*warȷ́-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *warȷ́-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *warȷ́-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*warj-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *warj-",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *warj- (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*swawr̥šti",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Indo-Iranian: *swawr̥šti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Indo-Iranian: *swawr̥šti"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*swawr̥ṣṭi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *swawr̥ṣṭi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *swawr̥ṣṭi"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "स्ववृष्टि",
"t": "doing his own work, epithet of Indra",
"tr": "svávṛṣṭi"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: स्ववृष्टि (svávṛṣṭi, “doing his own work, epithet of Indra”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: स्ववृष्टि (svávṛṣṭi, “doing his own work, epithet of Indra”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-toc-pro",
"2": "*wärk-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tocharian: *wärk-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Tocharian: *wärk-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "wärkṣäl"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian A: wärkṣäl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian A: wärkṣäl"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "warkṣäl"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B: warkṣäl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian B: warkṣäl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/werǵ-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Indo-European ReRC-shape roots",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European roots",
"Undetermined terms with quotations"
],
"glosses": [
"to make"
],
"links": [
[
"make",
"make"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"word": "werǵ-"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-19 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-06 using wiktextract (372f256 and 664a3bc). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.