See wendʰ- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for wendʰ- meaning in Proto-Indo-European (4.4kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wéndʰ-e-ti (thematic root present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*windaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *windaną",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *windaną (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*wendō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *wendō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *wendō"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xum",
"2": "𐌅𐌄𐌕𐌖"
},
"expansion": "Umbrian: 𐌅𐌄𐌕𐌖 (vetu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Umbrian: 𐌅𐌄𐌕𐌖 (vetu), prefixed also 𐌀𐌇𐌀𐌖𐌄𐌍𐌃𐌖 (ahauendu), 𐌐𐌓𐌄𐌖𐌄𐌍𐌃𐌖 (preuendu)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wondʰ-éye-ti (causative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*wandijaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *wandijaną",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *wandijaną (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wendʰ-eh₂"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "գինդ"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: գինդ (gind)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: գինդ (gind)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*wandilaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *wandilaz",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *wandilaz (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wondʰ-ós"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*wanduz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *wanduz",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *wanduz (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wondʰ-éh₂ (innovative abstract)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*wandā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *wandā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *wandā"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "unazë",
"t": "ring"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: unazë (“ring”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: unazë (“ring”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*wandʰúras"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wandʰúras",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wandʰúras"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*wandʰúras"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wandʰúras",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wandʰúras"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "वन्धुर",
"t": "chariot driver's box",
"tr": "vandhúra"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: वन्धुर (vandhúra, “chariot driver's box”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: वन्धुर (vandhúra, “chariot driver's box”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*wandúrah"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *wandúrah",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *wandúrah"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "վանդակ",
"bor": "1",
"t": "plaited net"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Armenian: վանդակ (vandak, “plaited net”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Armenian: վանդակ (vandak, “plaited net”)"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/wendʰ-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European ReRC-shape roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to wind, to turn"
],
"id": "en-wendʰ--ine-pro-root-88nhEZoj",
"links": [
[
"wind",
"wind"
],
[
"turn",
"turn"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"word": "wendʰ-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wéndʰ-e-ti (thematic root present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*windaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *windaną",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *windaną (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*wendō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *wendō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *wendō"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xum",
"2": "𐌅𐌄𐌕𐌖"
},
"expansion": "Umbrian: 𐌅𐌄𐌕𐌖 (vetu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Umbrian: 𐌅𐌄𐌕𐌖 (vetu), prefixed also 𐌀𐌇𐌀𐌖𐌄𐌍𐌃𐌖 (ahauendu), 𐌐𐌓𐌄𐌖𐌄𐌍𐌃𐌖 (preuendu)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wondʰ-éye-ti (causative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*wandijaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *wandijaną",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *wandijaną (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wendʰ-eh₂"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "գինդ"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: գինդ (gind)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: գինդ (gind)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*wandilaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *wandilaz",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *wandilaz (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wondʰ-ós"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*wanduz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *wanduz",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *wanduz (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wondʰ-éh₂ (innovative abstract)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*wandā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *wandā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *wandā"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "unazë",
"t": "ring"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: unazë (“ring”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: unazë (“ring”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*wandʰúras"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wandʰúras",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wandʰúras"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*wandʰúras"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wandʰúras",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wandʰúras"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "वन्धुर",
"t": "chariot driver's box",
"tr": "vandhúra"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: वन्धुर (vandhúra, “chariot driver's box”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: वन्धुर (vandhúra, “chariot driver's box”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*wandúrah"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *wandúrah",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *wandúrah"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "վանդակ",
"bor": "1",
"t": "plaited net"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Armenian: վանդակ (vandak, “plaited net”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Armenian: վանդակ (vandak, “plaited net”)"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/wendʰ-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Indo-European ReRC-shape roots",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European roots"
],
"glosses": [
"to wind, to turn"
],
"links": [
[
"wind",
"wind"
],
[
"turn",
"turn"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"word": "wendʰ-"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-19 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-06 using wiktextract (372f256 and 664a3bc). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.