See waylos in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hyx-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Armenian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "գայլ"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: գայլ (gayl), գայղ (gaył)\nArmenian: → գայլ (gayl) (learned), > գել (gel) (inherited)\n→? Old Georgian: მგელი (mgeli)\nGeorgian: მგელი (mgeli)\n→? Laz: მგერი (mgeri), მჯვერი (mcveri), გვერი (gveri), გუ̂ერი (gûeri)\n→? Mingrelian: გერი (geri), ნგერი (ngeri)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: գայլ (gayl), գայղ (gaył)\nArmenian: → գայլ (gayl) (learned), > գել (gel) (inherited)\n→? Old Georgian: მგელი (mgeli)\nGeorgian: მგელი (mgeli)\n→? Laz: მგერი (mgeri), მჯვერი (mcveri), გვერი (gveri), გუ̂ერი (gûeri)\n→? Mingrelian: გერი (geri), ნგერი (ngeri)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*wailos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *wailos",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *wailos (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*wáy",
"3": "*-lós",
"alt2": "*-los",
"pos1": "or onomatopoeia for shouting",
"t1": "woe"
},
"expansion": "*wáy (“woe”, or onomatopoeia for shouting) + *-los",
"name": "suf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*wĺ̥kʷos",
"3": "",
"4": "wolf"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos (“wolf”)",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The word is usually explained as ‘the howler’ and derived from *wáy (“woe”, or onomatopoeia for shouting) + *-los. Armenian and Celtic replaced the usual Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos (“wolf”) because of taboo.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "non-ablauting",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-noun-mf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "waylos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wayloh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "wayloes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wayle",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "wayloh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "wayloes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "waylom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wayloh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "wayloms",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waylosyo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wayloHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waylead",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "waylomos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waylobʰos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wayloey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "waylomos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waylobʰos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wayley",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wayloy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "wayloysu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wayloh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "waylōys",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "noun",
"3": "non-ablauting",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "-",
"f2nolink": "1",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*waylos m (non-ablauting)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "waylo"
},
"name": "ine-decl-noun-mf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/waylos",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"wolf"
],
"id": "en-waylos-ine-pro-noun-92thuWLb",
"links": [
[
"wolf",
"wolf"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "30 70",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 89",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 95",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 97",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-lós",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"howler"
],
"id": "en-waylos-ine-pro-noun-ya11EEU2",
"links": [
[
"howler",
"howler"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "waylos"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European masculine nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-lós",
"Proto-Indo-European thematic o-stem nouns"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hyx-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Armenian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "գայլ"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: գայլ (gayl), գայղ (gaył)\nArmenian: → գայլ (gayl) (learned), > գել (gel) (inherited)\n→? Old Georgian: მგელი (mgeli)\nGeorgian: მგელი (mgeli)\n→? Laz: მგერი (mgeri), მჯვერი (mcveri), გვერი (gveri), გუ̂ერი (gûeri)\n→? Mingrelian: გერი (geri), ნგერი (ngeri)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: գայլ (gayl), գայղ (gaył)\nArmenian: → գայլ (gayl) (learned), > գել (gel) (inherited)\n→? Old Georgian: მგელი (mgeli)\nGeorgian: მგელი (mgeli)\n→? Laz: მგერი (mgeri), მჯვერი (mcveri), გვერი (gveri), გუ̂ერი (gûeri)\n→? Mingrelian: გერი (geri), ნგერი (ngeri)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*wailos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *wailos",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *wailos (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*wáy",
"3": "*-lós",
"alt2": "*-los",
"pos1": "or onomatopoeia for shouting",
"t1": "woe"
},
"expansion": "*wáy (“woe”, or onomatopoeia for shouting) + *-los",
"name": "suf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*wĺ̥kʷos",
"3": "",
"4": "wolf"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos (“wolf”)",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The word is usually explained as ‘the howler’ and derived from *wáy (“woe”, or onomatopoeia for shouting) + *-los. Armenian and Celtic replaced the usual Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos (“wolf”) because of taboo.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "non-ablauting",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-noun-mf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "waylos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wayloh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "wayloes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wayle",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "wayloh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "wayloes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "waylom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wayloh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "wayloms",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waylosyo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wayloHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waylead",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "waylomos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waylobʰos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wayloey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "waylomos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waylobʰos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wayley",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wayloy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "wayloysu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wayloh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "waylōys",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "noun",
"3": "non-ablauting",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "-",
"f2nolink": "1",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*waylos m (non-ablauting)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "waylo"
},
"name": "ine-decl-noun-mf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/waylos",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"ine-pro:Canids"
],
"glosses": [
"wolf"
],
"links": [
[
"wolf",
"wolf"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"howler"
],
"links": [
[
"howler",
"howler"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "waylos"
}
Download raw JSONL data for waylos meaning in Proto-Indo-European (5.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.