See wṓkʷs in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "wackis",
"t": "outcry"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian: wackis (“outcry”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Prussian: wackis (“outcry”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly"
},
"expansion": "(possibly)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "vāci",
"t": "Germans"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: vāci (“Germans”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "(possibly) Latvian: vāci (“Germans”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly"
},
"expansion": "(possibly)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "vokietis",
"t": "German"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: vokietis (“German”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "(possibly) Lithuanian: vokietis (“German”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*wókʷs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *wókʷs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *wókʷs"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ὄψ"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ὄψ (óps)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ὄψ (óps)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*wā́kš"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wā́kš",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wā́kš (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*wōks"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *wōks",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *wōks (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-toc-pro",
"2": "*wek"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tocharian: *wek",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Tocharian: *wek (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "afeq",
"3": "*wekʷ->speak",
"id": "speech"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From o-grade root noun of *wekʷ- (“to speak”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "wokʷ-",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-noun-mf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "wṓkʷs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wókʷh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "wókʷh₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "wókʷes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wók",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "wókʷh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "wókʷh₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "wókʷes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "wókʷm̥",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wókʷh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "wókʷh₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "wókʷm̥s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wókʷs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wókʷoHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wókʷs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "wókʷmos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wókʷbʰos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wókʷey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "wókʷmos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wókʷbʰos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wók",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wókʷi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "wókʷsu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wókʷh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "wókʷmis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wókʷbʰis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "oblique stem",
"6": "*wokʷ-",
"f2nolink": "1",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*wṓkʷs f (oblique stem *wokʷ-)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wókʷ",
"2": "wókʷ",
"ac": "acrostatic",
"nom_sg": "wṓkʷs"
},
"name": "ine-decl-noun-mf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/wṓkʷs",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European terms belonging to the root *wekʷ-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "noise",
"sense": "Proto-Germanic: *wōhmaz, *wōhmô",
"tags": [
"Old-English"
],
"word": "wōm"
},
{
"english": "sound",
"sense": "Proto-Germanic: *wōhmaz, *wōhmô",
"tags": [
"Old-Norse"
],
"word": "ómr"
},
{
"english": "voice",
"sense": "Proto-Germanic: *wōhmaz, *wōhmô",
"tags": [
"Old-Norse"
],
"word": "ómun"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Germanic: *wōhmaz, *wōhmô; Old High German",
"word": "giwahan"
},
{
"sense": "⇒ Proto-Germanic: *wōhmijaną (“to sound, make a noise”)",
"tags": [
"Old-English"
],
"word": "wēman"
}
],
"glosses": [
"voice, speech"
],
"id": "en-wṓkʷs-ine-pro-noun-zWLxa54E",
"links": [
[
"voice",
"voice"
],
[
"speech",
"speech"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "wṓkʷs"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"english": "noise",
"sense": "Proto-Germanic: *wōhmaz, *wōhmô",
"tags": [
"Old-English"
],
"word": "wōm"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Germanic: *wōhmaz, *wōhmô; Old High German",
"word": "giwahan"
},
{
"english": "sound",
"sense": "Proto-Germanic: *wōhmaz, *wōhmô",
"tags": [
"Old-Norse"
],
"word": "ómr"
},
{
"english": "voice",
"sense": "Proto-Germanic: *wōhmaz, *wōhmô",
"tags": [
"Old-Norse"
],
"word": "ómun"
},
{
"sense": "⇒ Proto-Germanic: *wōhmijaną (“to sound, make a noise”)",
"tags": [
"Old-English"
],
"word": "wēman"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "wackis",
"t": "outcry"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian: wackis (“outcry”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Prussian: wackis (“outcry”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly"
},
"expansion": "(possibly)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "vāci",
"t": "Germans"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: vāci (“Germans”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "(possibly) Latvian: vāci (“Germans”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly"
},
"expansion": "(possibly)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "vokietis",
"t": "German"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: vokietis (“German”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "(possibly) Lithuanian: vokietis (“German”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*wókʷs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *wókʷs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *wókʷs"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ὄψ"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ὄψ (óps)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ὄψ (óps)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*wā́kš"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wā́kš",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wā́kš (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*wōks"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *wōks",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *wōks (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-toc-pro",
"2": "*wek"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tocharian: *wek",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Tocharian: *wek (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "afeq",
"3": "*wekʷ->speak",
"id": "speech"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From o-grade root noun of *wekʷ- (“to speak”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "wokʷ-",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-noun-mf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "wṓkʷs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wókʷh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "wókʷh₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "wókʷes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wók",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "wókʷh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "wókʷh₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "wókʷes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "wókʷm̥",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wókʷh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "wókʷh₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "wókʷm̥s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wókʷs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wókʷoHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wókʷs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "wókʷmos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wókʷbʰos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wókʷey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "wókʷmos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wókʷbʰos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wók",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wókʷi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "wókʷsu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wókʷh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "wókʷmis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wókʷbʰis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "oblique stem",
"6": "*wokʷ-",
"f2nolink": "1",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*wṓkʷs f (oblique stem *wokʷ-)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wókʷ",
"2": "wókʷ",
"ac": "acrostatic",
"nom_sg": "wṓkʷs"
},
"name": "ine-decl-noun-mf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/wṓkʷs",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-European acrostatic root nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European feminine nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European terms belonging to the root *wekʷ-",
"ine-pro:Sound",
"ine-pro:Talking"
],
"glosses": [
"voice, speech"
],
"links": [
[
"voice",
"voice"
],
[
"speech",
"speech"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "wṓkʷs"
}
Download raw JSONL data for wṓkʷs meaning in Proto-Indo-European (6.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (c15a5ce and 5c11237). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.