See upó in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*uɸo"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *uɸo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *uɸo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "fo"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: fo, fu, fú\nIrish: faoi\nManx: fo\nScottish Gaelic: fo",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: fo, fu, fú\nIrish: faoi\nManx: fo\nScottish Gaelic: fo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*ub"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *ub",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *ub (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ὑπό"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ὑπό (hupó)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ὑπό (hupó)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*úpa",
"3": "*upa-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *úpa, *upa-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *úpa, *upa-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*úpa",
"3": "*upa-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *úpa, *upa-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *úpa, *upa-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "उप",
"3": "उप-",
"tr": "úpa"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: उप (úpa), उप- (upa-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: उप (úpa), उप- (upa-)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "उप-"
},
"expansion": "Hindi: उप- (up-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hindi: उप- (up-)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*supo"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *supo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *supo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "sub"
},
"expansion": "Latin: sub",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: sub"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osc",
"2": "συπ",
"tr": "sup"
},
"expansion": "Oscan: συπ (sup)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Oscan: συπ (sup)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "spe"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B: spe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian B: spe"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"t": "to rise (of the sun)",
"tr": "u-up-zi"
},
"expansion": "Hittite [script needed] (u-up-zi, “to rise (of the sun)”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *h₁ewp-, whence also Hittite [script needed] (u-up-zi, “to rise (of the sun)”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "*upó",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/upó",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"sense": "Proto-Italic",
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"word": "sus-"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Italic",
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"word": "subtus"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Italic",
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"word": "supīnus"
},
{
"roman": "húpsi",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "ὕψι"
},
{
"roman": "húpsos",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "ὕψος"
},
{
"roman": "húptios",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "ὕπτιος"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Celtic: *ouxsos (from full grade); Old Irish",
"word": "úas"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Celtic: *ouxsos (from full grade)",
"word": "⇒ Proto-Celtic: *ouxselos"
},
{
"word": "(s)up-ér(i)"
},
{
"roman": "uvamo-",
"sense": "Proto-Celtic: *uɸamos",
"word": "𐌖𐌅𐌀𐌌𐌏-"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"sense": "*(s)úp-m̥mo-s (“uppermost”)",
"word": "ufumô"
},
{
"english": "uppermost",
"roman": "upamá",
"sense": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *upamás",
"tags": [
"Sanskrit"
],
"word": "उपम"
},
{
"roman": "upama",
"sense": "Proto-Iranian: *upamáh",
"word": "𐬎𐬞𐬀𐬨𐬀"
},
{
"english": "uppermost, highest",
"roman": "upəma",
"sense": "Proto-Iranian: *upamáh",
"word": "𐬎𐬞𐬆𐬨𐬀"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Italic: *supemos",
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"word": "summus"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Albanian: *upela; Albanian",
"word": "ubël"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Albanian: *upera; Albanian",
"word": "upri"
}
],
"glosses": [
"under, below"
],
"id": "en-upó-ine-pro-adv-7MbRut0~",
"links": [
[
"under",
"under"
],
[
"below",
"below"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "upó"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"sense": "Proto-Italic",
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"word": "sus-"
},
{
"roman": "húpsi",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "ὕψι"
},
{
"roman": "húpsos",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "ὕψος"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Celtic: *ouxsos (from full grade); Old Irish",
"word": "úas"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Celtic: *ouxsos (from full grade)",
"word": "⇒ Proto-Celtic: *ouxselos"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Italic",
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"word": "subtus"
},
{
"roman": "húptios",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "ὕπτιος"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Italic",
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"word": "supīnus"
},
{
"word": "(s)up-ér(i)"
},
{
"roman": "uvamo-",
"sense": "Proto-Celtic: *uɸamos",
"word": "𐌖𐌅𐌀𐌌𐌏-"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"sense": "*(s)úp-m̥mo-s (“uppermost”)",
"word": "ufumô"
},
{
"english": "uppermost",
"roman": "upamá",
"sense": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *upamás",
"tags": [
"Sanskrit"
],
"word": "उपम"
},
{
"roman": "upama",
"sense": "Proto-Iranian: *upamáh",
"word": "𐬎𐬞𐬀𐬨𐬀"
},
{
"english": "uppermost, highest",
"roman": "upəma",
"sense": "Proto-Iranian: *upamáh",
"word": "𐬎𐬞𐬆𐬨𐬀"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Italic: *supemos",
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"word": "summus"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Albanian: *upela; Albanian",
"word": "ubël"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Albanian: *upera; Albanian",
"word": "upri"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*uɸo"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *uɸo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *uɸo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "fo"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: fo, fu, fú\nIrish: faoi\nManx: fo\nScottish Gaelic: fo",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: fo, fu, fú\nIrish: faoi\nManx: fo\nScottish Gaelic: fo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*ub"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *ub",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *ub (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ὑπό"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ὑπό (hupó)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ὑπό (hupó)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*úpa",
"3": "*upa-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *úpa, *upa-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *úpa, *upa-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*úpa",
"3": "*upa-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *úpa, *upa-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *úpa, *upa-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "उप",
"3": "उप-",
"tr": "úpa"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: उप (úpa), उप- (upa-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: उप (úpa), उप- (upa-)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "उप-"
},
"expansion": "Hindi: उप- (up-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hindi: उप- (up-)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*supo"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *supo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *supo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "sub"
},
"expansion": "Latin: sub",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: sub"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osc",
"2": "συπ",
"tr": "sup"
},
"expansion": "Oscan: συπ (sup)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Oscan: συπ (sup)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "spe"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B: spe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian B: spe"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"t": "to rise (of the sun)",
"tr": "u-up-zi"
},
"expansion": "Hittite [script needed] (u-up-zi, “to rise (of the sun)”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *h₁ewp-, whence also Hittite [script needed] (u-up-zi, “to rise (of the sun)”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "*upó",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/upó",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-European adverbs",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Requests for native script for Hittite terms"
],
"glosses": [
"under, below"
],
"links": [
[
"under",
"under"
],
[
"below",
"below"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "upó"
}
Download raw JSONL data for upó meaning in Proto-Indo-European (4.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (eaedd02 and 8fbd9e8). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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