See terh₂- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for terh₂- meaning in Proto-Indo-European (14.5kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*térh₂-e-ti (thematic root present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-ana-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Anatolian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Anatolian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒋻𒊏𒀜𒋫",
"pos": "3sg.pres.med.",
"tr": "tar-ra-at-ta",
"ts": "tarratta"
},
"expansion": "Hittite: 𒋻𒊏𒀜𒋫 (tar-ra-at-ta /tarratta/, 3sg.pres.med.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hittite: 𒋻𒊏𒀜𒋫 (tar-ra-at-ta /tarratta/, 3sg.pres.med.)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*tárHati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tárHati",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tárHati (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*térh₂-t ~ *tr̥h₂-ént (athematic root aorist)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*térh₂-u-ti ~ *tr̥h₂-w-enti (u-present)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*tḗrh₂-s-t ~ *térh₂-s-n̥t (s-aorist)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*HátārHst"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *HátārHst",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *HátārHst ~ *HátarHsat"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*HátārHst"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *HátārHst",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *HátārHst ~ *HátarHsat"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "अतारीत्",
"pos": "3sg.act.",
"tr": "átārīt"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: अतारीत् (átārīt, 3sg.act.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: अतारीत् (átārīt, 3sg.act.), तारिषत् (tāriṣat, 3sg.subj.act.)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ततार",
"der": "1",
"tr": "tatā́ra"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Sanskrit: ततार (tatā́ra)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Sanskrit: ततार (tatā́ra)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "तारयति",
"der": "1",
"tr": "tāráyati"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Sanskrit: तारयति (tāráyati)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Sanskrit: तारयति (tāráyati)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "तार",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Sanskrit: तार (tāra)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Sanskrit: तार (tāra)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*tí-terh₂-ti ~ *tí-tr̥h₂-n̥ti (i-reduplicated athematic root present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*títarHti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *títarHti",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *títarHti ~ *títr̥Hati (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*tí-tr̥h₂-s-eti (se-desiderative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*títr̥Hsati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *títr̥Hsati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *títr̥Hsati"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*títr̥Hsati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *títr̥Hsati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *títr̥Hsati"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "तितीर्षति"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: तितीर्षति (titīrṣati)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: तितीर्षति (titīrṣati)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*torh₂-éye-ti (eye-causative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*tarHáyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *tarHáyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *tarHáyati"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "*tarayati"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian: *tarayati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Persian: *tarayati"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "𐎻𐎡𐎹𐎫𐎼/𐎹𐎶",
"der": "1",
"pos": "1sg.caus.inj.act.",
"ts": "viyatarayam"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Old Persian: 𐎻𐎡𐎹𐎫𐎼/𐎹𐎶 (vi-i-y-t-r/y-m /viyatarayam/, 1sg.caus.inj.act.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Old Persian: 𐎻𐎡𐎹𐎫𐎼/𐎹𐎶 (vi-i-y-t-r/y-m /viyatarayam/, 1sg.caus.inj.act.)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*tr̥h₂-é-ti (\"tudati\"-type thematic root present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "",
"alt": "*tra",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Albanian: *tra",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Albanian: *tra"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "",
"alt": "*tratja",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Albanian: *tratja",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "+ *-atja"
},
"expansion": "(+ *-atja)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Albanian: *tratja (+ *-atja)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "tras",
"t": "to pull"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: tras (“to pull”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: tras (“to pull”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*tr̥Háti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tr̥Háti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tr̥Háti"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*tr̥Háti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tr̥Háti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tr̥Háti"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "तिरति",
"t": "to bring through",
"tr": "tiráti"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: तिरति (tiráti, “to bring through”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "or dissimilated from *titiráti"
},
"expansion": "(or dissimilated from *titiráti)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: तिरति (tiráti, “to bring through”) (or dissimilated from *titiráti)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "तिर",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Sanskrit: तिर (tira)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Sanskrit: तिर (tira)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "तितिरुर्",
"der": "1",
"tr": "titirúr"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Sanskrit: तितिरुर् (titirúr)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Sanskrit: तितिरुर् (titirúr)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "",
"alt": "*trō",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Italic: *trō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Italic: *trō"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "",
"alt": "*trō"
},
"expansion": "Latin: *trō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: *trō"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "intrō",
"der": "1",
"t": "to enter, go into, penetrate"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Latin: intrō (“to enter, go into, penetrate”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Latin: intrō (“to enter, go into, penetrate”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*tr̥h₂-yé-ti (zero-grade ye-present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "",
"alt": "*taryati",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Celtic: *taryati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Celtic: *taryati"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*tarðad",
"t": "to explode"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic: *tarðad (“to explode”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Brythonic: *tarðad (“to explode”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*tr̥-né-h₂-ti ~ *tr-n̥-h₂-énti (nasal infix)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-ana-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Anatolian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Anatolian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒋻𒈾𒄿",
"tr": "tar-na-i",
"ts": "tarnai"
},
"expansion": "Hittite: 𒋻𒈾𒄿 (tar-na-i /tarnai/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hittite: 𒋻𒈾𒄿 (tar-na-i /tarnai/)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*térh₂-ih₂"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*tárHiH"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tárHiH",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tárHiH"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*tárHiH"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tárHiH",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tárHiH"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "तरी",
"t": "boat"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: तरी (tarī, “boat”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: तरी (tarī, “boat”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*térh₂-mn̥ ~ *tr̥h₂-mén-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*térəmə"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *térəmə",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *térəmə"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "*τέραμα"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: *τέραμα (*térama)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: *τέραμα (*térama)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἀτέραμνος",
"der": "1",
"t": "hard, stubborn, merciless"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Ancient Greek: ἀτέραμνος (atéramnos, “hard, stubborn, merciless”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Ancient Greek: ἀτέραμνος (atéramnos, “hard, stubborn, merciless”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*térh₂-tu-s ~ *tr̥h₂-téw-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*trātu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *trātu",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *trātu (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*tárHtuš"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tárHtuš",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tárHtuš"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*tárHtuṣ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tárHtuṣ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tárHtuṣ"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "*tárītu"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: *tárītu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: *tárītu"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "दुष्तरीतु",
"der": "1",
"t": "difficult to be passed or overcome",
"tr": "duṣtárītu"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Sanskrit: दुष्तरीतु (duṣtárītu, “difficult to be passed or overcome”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "+ दुस्- (dus-, “difficult”)"
},
"expansion": "(+ दुस्- (dus-, “difficult”))",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Sanskrit: दुष्तरीतु (duṣtárītu, “difficult to be passed or overcome”) (+ दुस्- (dus-, “difficult”))"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*tr̥h₂-és"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*tr̥h₂-nó-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*tr̥Hnás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tr̥Hnás",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tr̥Hnás"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*tr̥Hnás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tr̥Hnás",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tr̥Hnás"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "तीर्ण",
"tr": "tīrṇá"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: तीर्ण (tīrṇá)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: तीर्ण (tīrṇá)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*tr̥h₂-th₂ó-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*tr̥Htʰám"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tr̥Htʰám",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tr̥Htʰám"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*tr̥Htʰám"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tr̥Htʰám",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tr̥Htʰám"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "तीर्थ",
"tr": "tīrthá"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: तीर्थ (tīrthá)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: तीर्थ (tīrthá) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [],
"text": "Compounds"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*tr̥h₂-kʷe or *tr̥h₂-h₃kʷ-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*þurhw",
"t": "through"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *þurhw (“through”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *þurhw (“through”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"alt": "*néḱ-t(e)rh₂-s ~ *neḱ-tr̥h₂-és",
"nolb": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? *néḱ-t(e)rh₂-s ~ *neḱ-tr̥h₂-és",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "+ *neḱ- (“to perish”)"
},
"expansion": "(+ *neḱ- (“to perish”))",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": ">? *néḱ-t(e)rh₂-s ~ *neḱ-tr̥h₂-és (+ *neḱ- (“to perish”))"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "",
"alt": "*néktər"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *néktər",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *néktər"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "νέκταρ"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: νέκταρ (néktar)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: νέκταρ (néktar)"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/terh₂-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European CeRH-shape roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Undetermined quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to cross over, pass through, overcome"
],
"id": "en-terh₂--ine-pro-root-iimSE45C",
"links": [
[
"cross over",
"cross over"
],
[
"pass",
"pass"
],
[
"through",
"through"
],
[
"overcome",
"overcome"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben",
"Mate Kapović"
]
}
],
"word": "terh₂-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*térh₂-e-ti (thematic root present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-ana-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Anatolian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Anatolian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒋻𒊏𒀜𒋫",
"pos": "3sg.pres.med.",
"tr": "tar-ra-at-ta",
"ts": "tarratta"
},
"expansion": "Hittite: 𒋻𒊏𒀜𒋫 (tar-ra-at-ta /tarratta/, 3sg.pres.med.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hittite: 𒋻𒊏𒀜𒋫 (tar-ra-at-ta /tarratta/, 3sg.pres.med.)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*tárHati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tárHati",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tárHati (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*térh₂-t ~ *tr̥h₂-ént (athematic root aorist)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*térh₂-u-ti ~ *tr̥h₂-w-enti (u-present)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*tḗrh₂-s-t ~ *térh₂-s-n̥t (s-aorist)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*HátārHst"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *HátārHst",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *HátārHst ~ *HátarHsat"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*HátārHst"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *HátārHst",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *HátārHst ~ *HátarHsat"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "अतारीत्",
"pos": "3sg.act.",
"tr": "átārīt"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: अतारीत् (átārīt, 3sg.act.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: अतारीत् (átārīt, 3sg.act.), तारिषत् (tāriṣat, 3sg.subj.act.)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ततार",
"der": "1",
"tr": "tatā́ra"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Sanskrit: ततार (tatā́ra)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Sanskrit: ततार (tatā́ra)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "तारयति",
"der": "1",
"tr": "tāráyati"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Sanskrit: तारयति (tāráyati)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Sanskrit: तारयति (tāráyati)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "तार",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Sanskrit: तार (tāra)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Sanskrit: तार (tāra)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*tí-terh₂-ti ~ *tí-tr̥h₂-n̥ti (i-reduplicated athematic root present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*títarHti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *títarHti",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *títarHti ~ *títr̥Hati (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*tí-tr̥h₂-s-eti (se-desiderative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*títr̥Hsati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *títr̥Hsati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *títr̥Hsati"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*títr̥Hsati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *títr̥Hsati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *títr̥Hsati"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "तितीर्षति"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: तितीर्षति (titīrṣati)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: तितीर्षति (titīrṣati)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*torh₂-éye-ti (eye-causative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*tarHáyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *tarHáyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *tarHáyati"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "*tarayati"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian: *tarayati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Persian: *tarayati"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "𐎻𐎡𐎹𐎫𐎼/𐎹𐎶",
"der": "1",
"pos": "1sg.caus.inj.act.",
"ts": "viyatarayam"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Old Persian: 𐎻𐎡𐎹𐎫𐎼/𐎹𐎶 (vi-i-y-t-r/y-m /viyatarayam/, 1sg.caus.inj.act.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Old Persian: 𐎻𐎡𐎹𐎫𐎼/𐎹𐎶 (vi-i-y-t-r/y-m /viyatarayam/, 1sg.caus.inj.act.)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*tr̥h₂-é-ti (\"tudati\"-type thematic root present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "",
"alt": "*tra",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Albanian: *tra",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Albanian: *tra"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "",
"alt": "*tratja",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Albanian: *tratja",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "+ *-atja"
},
"expansion": "(+ *-atja)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Albanian: *tratja (+ *-atja)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "tras",
"t": "to pull"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: tras (“to pull”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: tras (“to pull”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*tr̥Háti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tr̥Háti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tr̥Háti"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*tr̥Háti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tr̥Háti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tr̥Háti"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "तिरति",
"t": "to bring through",
"tr": "tiráti"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: तिरति (tiráti, “to bring through”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "or dissimilated from *titiráti"
},
"expansion": "(or dissimilated from *titiráti)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: तिरति (tiráti, “to bring through”) (or dissimilated from *titiráti)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "तिर",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Sanskrit: तिर (tira)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Sanskrit: तिर (tira)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "तितिरुर्",
"der": "1",
"tr": "titirúr"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Sanskrit: तितिरुर् (titirúr)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Sanskrit: तितिरुर् (titirúr)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "",
"alt": "*trō",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Italic: *trō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Italic: *trō"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "",
"alt": "*trō"
},
"expansion": "Latin: *trō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: *trō"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "intrō",
"der": "1",
"t": "to enter, go into, penetrate"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Latin: intrō (“to enter, go into, penetrate”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Latin: intrō (“to enter, go into, penetrate”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*tr̥h₂-yé-ti (zero-grade ye-present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "",
"alt": "*taryati",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Celtic: *taryati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Celtic: *taryati"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*tarðad",
"t": "to explode"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic: *tarðad (“to explode”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Brythonic: *tarðad (“to explode”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*tr̥-né-h₂-ti ~ *tr-n̥-h₂-énti (nasal infix)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-ana-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Anatolian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Anatolian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒋻𒈾𒄿",
"tr": "tar-na-i",
"ts": "tarnai"
},
"expansion": "Hittite: 𒋻𒈾𒄿 (tar-na-i /tarnai/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hittite: 𒋻𒈾𒄿 (tar-na-i /tarnai/)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*térh₂-ih₂"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*tárHiH"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tárHiH",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tárHiH"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*tárHiH"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tárHiH",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tárHiH"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "तरी",
"t": "boat"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: तरी (tarī, “boat”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: तरी (tarī, “boat”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*térh₂-mn̥ ~ *tr̥h₂-mén-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*térəmə"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *térəmə",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *térəmə"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "*τέραμα"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: *τέραμα (*térama)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: *τέραμα (*térama)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἀτέραμνος",
"der": "1",
"t": "hard, stubborn, merciless"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Ancient Greek: ἀτέραμνος (atéramnos, “hard, stubborn, merciless”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Ancient Greek: ἀτέραμνος (atéramnos, “hard, stubborn, merciless”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*térh₂-tu-s ~ *tr̥h₂-téw-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*trātu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *trātu",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *trātu (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*tárHtuš"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tárHtuš",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tárHtuš"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*tárHtuṣ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tárHtuṣ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tárHtuṣ"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "*tárītu"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: *tárītu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: *tárītu"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "दुष्तरीतु",
"der": "1",
"t": "difficult to be passed or overcome",
"tr": "duṣtárītu"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Sanskrit: दुष्तरीतु (duṣtárītu, “difficult to be passed or overcome”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "+ दुस्- (dus-, “difficult”)"
},
"expansion": "(+ दुस्- (dus-, “difficult”))",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Sanskrit: दुष्तरीतु (duṣtárītu, “difficult to be passed or overcome”) (+ दुस्- (dus-, “difficult”))"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*tr̥h₂-és"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*tr̥h₂-nó-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*tr̥Hnás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tr̥Hnás",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tr̥Hnás"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*tr̥Hnás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tr̥Hnás",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tr̥Hnás"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "तीर्ण",
"tr": "tīrṇá"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: तीर्ण (tīrṇá)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: तीर्ण (tīrṇá)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*tr̥h₂-th₂ó-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*tr̥Htʰám"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tr̥Htʰám",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tr̥Htʰám"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*tr̥Htʰám"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tr̥Htʰám",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tr̥Htʰám"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "तीर्थ",
"tr": "tīrthá"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: तीर्थ (tīrthá)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: तीर्थ (tīrthá) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [],
"text": "Compounds"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*tr̥h₂-kʷe or *tr̥h₂-h₃kʷ-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*þurhw",
"t": "through"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *þurhw (“through”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *þurhw (“through”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"alt": "*néḱ-t(e)rh₂-s ~ *neḱ-tr̥h₂-és",
"nolb": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? *néḱ-t(e)rh₂-s ~ *neḱ-tr̥h₂-és",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "+ *neḱ- (“to perish”)"
},
"expansion": "(+ *neḱ- (“to perish”))",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": ">? *néḱ-t(e)rh₂-s ~ *neḱ-tr̥h₂-és (+ *neḱ- (“to perish”))"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "",
"alt": "*néktər"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *néktər",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *néktər"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "νέκταρ"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: νέκταρ (néktar)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: νέκταρ (néktar)"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/terh₂-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Indo-European CeRH-shape roots",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European roots",
"Undetermined quotations with omitted translation",
"Undetermined terms with quotations"
],
"glosses": [
"to cross over, pass through, overcome"
],
"links": [
[
"cross over",
"cross over"
],
[
"pass",
"pass"
],
[
"through",
"through"
],
[
"overcome",
"overcome"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben",
"Mate Kapović"
]
}
],
"word": "terh₂-"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (384852d and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.