See pstḗn in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for pstḗn meaning in Proto-Indo-European (6.9kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hyx-pro",
"2": "",
"alt": "*stēn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Armenian: *stēn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Armenian: *stēn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "ստին",
"t": "breast"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: ստին (stin, “breast”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: ստին (stin, “breast”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*stḗn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *stḗn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *stḗn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "στήνιον",
"der": "1",
"t": "breast"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Ancient Greek: στήνιον (stḗnion, “breast”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Ancient Greek: στήνιον (stḗnion, “breast”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "",
"alt": "*pərsténos",
"der": "1",
"t": "having protruding breasts"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Hellenic: *pərsténos (“having protruding breasts”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Hellenic: *pərsténos (“having protruding breasts”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "παρθένος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: παρθένος (parthénos)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Laconian"
},
"expansion": "(Laconian)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: παρθένος (parthénos), (Laconian) παρσένος (parsénos, “virgin, girl, young woman”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-toc-pro",
"2": "*päścäne"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tocharian: *päścäne",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "< CCC epenthesis",
"2": "*psténh₁(e) (dual)"
},
"expansion": "(< CCC epenthesis, *psténh₁(e) (dual))",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Tocharian: *päścäne (< CCC epenthesis, *psténh₁(e) (dual))"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "päśśäṃ"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian A: päśśäṃ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian A: päśśäṃ"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "päścane",
"g": "d",
"t": "woman’s breasts"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B: päścane du (“woman’s breasts”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian B: päścane du (“woman’s breasts”)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "στῆθος",
"t": "breast"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek στῆθος (stêthos, “breast”)",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown; possibly related with Ancient Greek στῆθος (stêthos, “breast”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-noun-mf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pstḗn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "psténh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "psténh₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "psténes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pstén",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "psténh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "psténh₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "psténes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "psténm̥",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "psténh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "psténh₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "psténm̥s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pstnés",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "pstnóHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pstnés",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "pstn̥mós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pstnéy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "pstn̥mós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pstén",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "psténi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "pstn̥sú",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pstnéh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "pstn̥mís",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*pstḗn m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pstén",
"2": "pstn̥",
"ac": "hysterokinetic"
},
"name": "ine-decl-noun-mf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pstḗn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Undetermined quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "nipple; see there for further descendants",
"sense": "*pstén-o-s",
"word": "spenô"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"sense": "*pstén-o-s",
"word": "pstánas"
},
{
"english": "woman's breast",
"roman": "fštāna",
"sense": "Proto-Iranian: *pstānáh",
"word": "𐬟𐬱𐬙𐬁𐬥𐬀"
},
{
"alt": "ʾštnh /əštana/",
"english": "breast",
"sense": "Proto-Iranian: *pstānáh",
"word": "[script needed]"
},
{
"english": "breast",
"roman": "pestân",
"sense": "Middle Persian: pystʾn' (pestān, “breast”)",
"tags": [
"Persian"
],
"word": "پستان"
},
{
"english": "nipple, teat, uvula",
"sense": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *spenis",
"tags": [
"Latvian"
],
"word": "spenis"
},
{
"english": "uvula",
"sense": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *spenis",
"tags": [
"Lithuanian"
],
"word": "spenỹs"
},
{
"english": "nipple, teat",
"sense": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *spenis; Old Prussian",
"word": "spenis"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"sense": "*sptén-yo-s (< metathesis *pstén-yo-s)",
"word": "sɸenyos"
}
],
"glosses": [
"breast, teat"
],
"id": "en-pstḗn-ine-pro-noun-9ijJso3T",
"links": [
[
"breast",
"breast"
],
[
"teat",
"teat"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"de:Brian D. Joseph"
]
}
],
"word": "pstḗn"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"english": "nipple; see there for further descendants",
"sense": "*pstén-o-s",
"word": "spenô"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"sense": "*pstén-o-s",
"word": "pstánas"
},
{
"english": "woman's breast",
"roman": "fštāna",
"sense": "Proto-Iranian: *pstānáh",
"word": "𐬟𐬱𐬙𐬁𐬥𐬀"
},
{
"english": "breast",
"roman": "pestân",
"sense": "Middle Persian: pystʾn' (pestān, “breast”)",
"tags": [
"Persian"
],
"word": "پستان"
},
{
"alt": "ʾštnh /əštana/",
"english": "breast",
"sense": "Proto-Iranian: *pstānáh",
"word": "[script needed]"
},
{
"english": "nipple, teat, uvula",
"sense": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *spenis",
"tags": [
"Latvian"
],
"word": "spenis"
},
{
"english": "uvula",
"sense": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *spenis",
"tags": [
"Lithuanian"
],
"word": "spenỹs"
},
{
"english": "nipple, teat",
"sense": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *spenis; Old Prussian",
"word": "spenis"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"sense": "*sptén-yo-s (< metathesis *pstén-yo-s)",
"word": "sɸenyos"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hyx-pro",
"2": "",
"alt": "*stēn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Armenian: *stēn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Armenian: *stēn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "ստին",
"t": "breast"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: ստին (stin, “breast”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: ստին (stin, “breast”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*stḗn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *stḗn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *stḗn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "στήνιον",
"der": "1",
"t": "breast"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Ancient Greek: στήνιον (stḗnion, “breast”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Ancient Greek: στήνιον (stḗnion, “breast”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "",
"alt": "*pərsténos",
"der": "1",
"t": "having protruding breasts"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Hellenic: *pərsténos (“having protruding breasts”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Hellenic: *pərsténos (“having protruding breasts”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "παρθένος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: παρθένος (parthénos)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Laconian"
},
"expansion": "(Laconian)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: παρθένος (parthénos), (Laconian) παρσένος (parsénos, “virgin, girl, young woman”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-toc-pro",
"2": "*päścäne"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tocharian: *päścäne",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "< CCC epenthesis",
"2": "*psténh₁(e) (dual)"
},
"expansion": "(< CCC epenthesis, *psténh₁(e) (dual))",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Tocharian: *päścäne (< CCC epenthesis, *psténh₁(e) (dual))"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "päśśäṃ"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian A: päśśäṃ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian A: päśśäṃ"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "päścane",
"g": "d",
"t": "woman’s breasts"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B: päścane du (“woman’s breasts”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian B: päścane du (“woman’s breasts”)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "στῆθος",
"t": "breast"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek στῆθος (stêthos, “breast”)",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown; possibly related with Ancient Greek στῆθος (stêthos, “breast”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-noun-mf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pstḗn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "psténh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "psténh₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "psténes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pstén",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "psténh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "psténh₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "psténes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "psténm̥",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "psténh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "psténh₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "psténm̥s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pstnés",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "pstnóHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pstnés",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "pstn̥mós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pstnéy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "pstn̥mós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pstén",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "psténi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "pstn̥sú",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pstnéh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "pstn̥mís",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*pstḗn m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pstén",
"2": "pstn̥",
"ac": "hysterokinetic"
},
"name": "ine-decl-noun-mf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pstḗn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European hysterokinetic root nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European masculine nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European terms with unknown etymologies",
"Undetermined quotations with omitted translation",
"Undetermined terms with quotations",
"ine-pro:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"breast, teat"
],
"links": [
[
"breast",
"breast"
],
[
"teat",
"teat"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"de:Brian D. Joseph"
]
}
],
"word": "pstḗn"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.