See leykʷ- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*léykʷ-t ~ *likʷ-ént (athematic root aorist)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*likʷ-é-t (thematic root aorist)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "լիք"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: լիք (likʻ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: լիք (likʻ), ելիք (elikʻ, “he left”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἔλῐπε",
"gloss": "he left"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ἔλῐπε (élĭpe, “he left”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ἔλῐπε (élĭpe, “he left”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*Háričat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Háričat",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Háričat"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*Hárićat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hárićat",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hárićat"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "अरिचत्",
"tr": "áricat"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: अरिचत् (áricat)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: अरिचत् (áricat)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*li-né-kʷ-ti ~ *li-n-kʷ-énti (nasal-infix present)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*le-lóykʷ-e ~ *le-likʷ-ḗr (stative)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*loykʷ-éye-ti (causative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "làicît"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: làicît",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: làicît"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "laikýti"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: laikýti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: laikýti"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "laikūt"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian: laikūt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Prussian: laikūt"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*laigijaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *laigijaną",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *laigijaną (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*rayčáyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *rayčáyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *rayčáyati"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*rayćáyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *rayćáyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *rayćáyati"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "रेचयति",
"tr": "recáyati"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: रेचयति (recáyati)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: रेचयति (recáyati)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*rayčáyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *rayčáyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *rayčáyati"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬭𐬀𐬉𐬗𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬭𐬀𐬉𐬗𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (raēcaiieⁱti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬭𐬀𐬉𐬗𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (raēcaiieⁱti)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*likʷ-tó-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*riktás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *riktás",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *riktás (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*lóykʷ-no-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*laihną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *laihną",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *laihną (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*ráyknas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ráyknas",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ráyknas (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "likt",
"gloss": "to lay, put"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: likt (“to lay, put”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: likt (“to lay, put”), lieks (“superfluous, excessive”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "likti",
"gloss": "to stay"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: likti (“to stay”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: likti (“to stay”), atlaikas (“remains”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "отлѣкъ",
"gloss": "remains"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic: отлѣкъ (otlěkŭ, “remains”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic: отлѣкъ (otlěkŭ, “remains”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "лишать",
"gloss": "to deprive, rob, divest"
},
"expansion": "Russian: лишать (lišatʹ, “to deprive, rob, divest”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: лишать (lišatʹ, “to deprive, rob, divest”) from *leykso-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*liika",
"bor": "1",
"gloss": "excess"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Finnic: *liika (“excess”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Finnic: *liika (“excess”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἔκλειψις",
"gloss": "disappearance; eclipse"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ἔκλειψις (ékleipsis, “disappearance; eclipse”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ἔκλειψις (ékleipsis, “disappearance; eclipse”), λείπω (leípō, “I leave”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Celtic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpi"
},
"expansion": "Pictish:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pictish:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "dìleab",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Scottish Gaelic: dìleab",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Scottish Gaelic: dìleab"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/leykʷ-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European ReRC-shape roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European perfective roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to leave"
],
"id": "en-leykʷ--ine-pro-root-dDKDyhdh",
"links": [
[
"leave",
"leave"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"perfective",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
]
}
],
"word": "leykʷ-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*léykʷ-t ~ *likʷ-ént (athematic root aorist)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*likʷ-é-t (thematic root aorist)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "լիք"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: լիք (likʻ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: լիք (likʻ), ելիք (elikʻ, “he left”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἔλῐπε",
"gloss": "he left"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ἔλῐπε (élĭpe, “he left”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ἔλῐπε (élĭpe, “he left”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*Háričat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Háričat",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Háričat"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*Hárićat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hárićat",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hárićat"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "अरिचत्",
"tr": "áricat"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: अरिचत् (áricat)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: अरिचत् (áricat)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*li-né-kʷ-ti ~ *li-n-kʷ-énti (nasal-infix present)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*le-lóykʷ-e ~ *le-likʷ-ḗr (stative)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*loykʷ-éye-ti (causative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "làicît"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: làicît",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: làicît"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "laikýti"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: laikýti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: laikýti"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "laikūt"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian: laikūt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Prussian: laikūt"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*laigijaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *laigijaną",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *laigijaną (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*rayčáyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *rayčáyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *rayčáyati"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*rayćáyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *rayćáyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *rayćáyati"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "रेचयति",
"tr": "recáyati"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: रेचयति (recáyati)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: रेचयति (recáyati)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*rayčáyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *rayčáyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *rayčáyati"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬭𐬀𐬉𐬗𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬭𐬀𐬉𐬗𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (raēcaiieⁱti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬭𐬀𐬉𐬗𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (raēcaiieⁱti)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*likʷ-tó-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*riktás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *riktás",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *riktás (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*lóykʷ-no-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*laihną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *laihną",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *laihną (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*ráyknas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ráyknas",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ráyknas (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "likt",
"gloss": "to lay, put"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: likt (“to lay, put”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: likt (“to lay, put”), lieks (“superfluous, excessive”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "likti",
"gloss": "to stay"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: likti (“to stay”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: likti (“to stay”), atlaikas (“remains”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "отлѣкъ",
"gloss": "remains"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic: отлѣкъ (otlěkŭ, “remains”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic: отлѣкъ (otlěkŭ, “remains”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "лишать",
"gloss": "to deprive, rob, divest"
},
"expansion": "Russian: лишать (lišatʹ, “to deprive, rob, divest”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: лишать (lišatʹ, “to deprive, rob, divest”) from *leykso-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*liika",
"bor": "1",
"gloss": "excess"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Finnic: *liika (“excess”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Finnic: *liika (“excess”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἔκλειψις",
"gloss": "disappearance; eclipse"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ἔκλειψις (ékleipsis, “disappearance; eclipse”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ἔκλειψις (ékleipsis, “disappearance; eclipse”), λείπω (leípō, “I leave”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Celtic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpi"
},
"expansion": "Pictish:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pictish:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "dìleab",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Scottish Gaelic: dìleab",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Scottish Gaelic: dìleab"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/leykʷ-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-European ReRC-shape roots",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European perfective roots",
"Proto-Indo-European roots"
],
"glosses": [
"to leave"
],
"links": [
[
"leave",
"leave"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"perfective",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
]
}
],
"word": "leykʷ-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for leykʷ- meaning in Proto-Indo-European (7.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (df33d17 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.