See kruh₂rós in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for kruh₂rós meaning in Proto-Indo-European (7.7kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*kruHrás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kruHrás",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kruHrás"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*kruHrás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *kruHrás",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *kruHrás"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "क्रूर",
"tr": "krūrá"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: क्रूर (krūrá)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: क्रूर (krūrá)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*xruHráh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *xruHráh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *xruHráh"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬑𐬭𐬏𐬛𐬀"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬑𐬭𐬏𐬛𐬀 (xrūda)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬑𐬭𐬏𐬛𐬀 (xrūda)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*krūros"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *krūros\nLatin: crūdus (see there for further descendants)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *krūros\nLatin: crūdus (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*krewh₂-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*krewh₂-",
"3": "*-rós",
"pos2": "Caland system suffix",
"t1": "blood outside the body"
},
"expansion": "*krewh₂- (“blood outside the body”) + *-rós (Caland system suffix)",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *krewh₂- (“blood outside the body”) + *-rós (Caland system suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "non-ablauting",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-adj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂rós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂róh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂róes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂ré",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂róh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂róes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂róm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂róh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂róms",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂rósyo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂róHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réad",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂rómos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂róey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂rómos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂róy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂róysu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂róh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂rṓys",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réh₂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réh₂h₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réh₂h₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réh₂es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réh₂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réh₂h₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réh₂h₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réh₂es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂rā́m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réh₂h₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réh₂h₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réh₂m̥s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réh₂s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réh₂oHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réh₂s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réh₂mos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réh₂ey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réh₂mos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réh₂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réh₂i",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réh₂su",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réh₂h₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réh₂mis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂róm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂róy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂róyh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réh₂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂róm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂róy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂róyh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réh₂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂róy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂róyh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réh₂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "non-ablauting",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "-",
"f2nolink": "1",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*kruh₂rós (non-ablauting)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kruh₂ró"
},
"name": "ine-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kruh₂rós",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European terms belonging to the root *krewh₂-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-rós",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bloody"
],
"id": "en-kruh₂rós-ine-pro-adj-Heg0Qt6h",
"links": [
[
"bloody",
"bloody"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "kruh₂rós"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*kruHrás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kruHrás",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kruHrás"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*kruHrás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *kruHrás",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *kruHrás"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "क्रूर",
"tr": "krūrá"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: क्रूर (krūrá)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: क्रूर (krūrá)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*xruHráh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *xruHráh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *xruHráh"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬑𐬭𐬏𐬛𐬀"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬑𐬭𐬏𐬛𐬀 (xrūda)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬑𐬭𐬏𐬛𐬀 (xrūda)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*krūros"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *krūros\nLatin: crūdus (see there for further descendants)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *krūros\nLatin: crūdus (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*krewh₂-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*krewh₂-",
"3": "*-rós",
"pos2": "Caland system suffix",
"t1": "blood outside the body"
},
"expansion": "*krewh₂- (“blood outside the body”) + *-rós (Caland system suffix)",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *krewh₂- (“blood outside the body”) + *-rós (Caland system suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "non-ablauting",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-adj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂rós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂róh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂róes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂ré",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂róh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂róes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂róm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂róh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂róms",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂rósyo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂róHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réad",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂rómos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂róey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂rómos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂róy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂róysu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂róh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂rṓys",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réh₂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réh₂h₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réh₂h₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réh₂es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réh₂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réh₂h₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réh₂h₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réh₂es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂rā́m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réh₂h₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réh₂h₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réh₂m̥s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réh₂s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réh₂oHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réh₂s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réh₂mos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réh₂ey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réh₂mos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réh₂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réh₂i",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réh₂su",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réh₂h₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réh₂mis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂róm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂róy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂róyh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réh₂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂róm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂róy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂róyh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réh₂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂róy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂róyh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kruh₂réh₂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "non-ablauting",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "-",
"f2nolink": "1",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*kruh₂rós (non-ablauting)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kruh₂ró"
},
"name": "ine-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kruh₂rós",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Indo-European adjectives",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European terms belonging to the root *krewh₂-",
"Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-rós",
"Proto-Indo-European thematic adjectives"
],
"glosses": [
"bloody"
],
"links": [
[
"bloody",
"bloody"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "kruh₂rós"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.