See kagʰ- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for kagʰ- meaning in Proto-Indo-European (7.2kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kágʰ-e-ti (thematic root present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*kageti",
"t": "to get, receive"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *kageti (“to get, receive”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *kageti (“to get, receive”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Brythonic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbm",
"2": "caffout"
},
"expansion": "Middle Breton: caffout",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Breton: caffout"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "kavoes"
},
"expansion": "Cornish: kavoes",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cornish: kavoes"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "cael"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh: cael",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Welsh: cael"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cael"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: cael",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: cael"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kagʰ-éye-ti (causative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*kaɣeō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *kaɣeō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *kaɣeō"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "incohō"
},
"expansion": "Latin: incohō",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "< *in-kaɣeō"
},
"expansion": "(< *in-kaɣeō)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: incohō (< *in-kaɣeō) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osc",
"2": "kahad",
"pos": "3s.pr.cj."
},
"expansion": "Oscan: kahad (3s.pr.cj.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Oscan: kahad (3s.pr.cj.)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xum",
"2": "cehefi",
"pos": "inf.ps."
},
"expansion": "Umbrian: cehefi (inf.ps.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Umbrian: cehefi (inf.ps.)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kagʰ-yó-m (“enclosure”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kágʰ-l̥-eh₂ ~ *kagʰ-én-eh₂"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*kaɣela",
"t": "small hole"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *kaɣela (“small hole”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *kaɣela (“small hole”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "caulae"
},
"expansion": "Latin: caulae",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: caulae (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly"
},
"expansion": "(possibly)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osc",
"2": "kaíla",
"pos": "acc.sg."
},
"expansion": "Oscan: kaíla (acc.sg.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "(possibly) Oscan: kaíla (acc.sg.)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kágʰn̥ ~ *kagʰéns"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*hagô",
"t": "enclosure, pasture"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *hagô (“enclosure, pasture”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *hagô (“enclosure, pasture”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kagʰ-nó-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*kagnā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *kagnā",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "< *kagʰ-néh₂"
},
"expansion": "(< *kagʰ-néh₂)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *kagnā (< *kagʰ-néh₂)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*kaɨn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic: *kaɨn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Brythonic: *kaɨn"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "caen"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: caen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: caen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*hagnaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *hagnaz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *hagnaz"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "hagan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: hagan",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: hagan (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly"
},
"expansion": "(possibly)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hyx-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Armenian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "(possibly) Proto-Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "ցանգ",
"id": "hedge"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: ցանգ (cʻang)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: ցանգ (cʻang), ցանկ (cʻank)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kagʰ-ró-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*kagros",
"t": "enclosure, fort"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *kagros (“enclosure, fort”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *kagros (“enclosure, fort”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*kaɨr"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic: *kaɨr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Brythonic: *kaɨr"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbm",
"2": "ker"
},
"expansion": "Middle Breton: ker",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Breton: ker"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "caer"
},
"expansion": "Cornish: caer",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cornish: caer"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "cair"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh: cair",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Welsh: cair"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "caer"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: caer",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: caer"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kagʰ-so"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "कक्ष",
"t": "secluded forest, apartment"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: कक्ष (kakṣa, “secluded forest, apartment”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: कक्ष (kakṣa, “secluded forest, apartment”)"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kagʰ-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "German quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European irregular-shape roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to take, seize"
],
"id": "en-kagʰ--ine-pro-root-uIaQYl9E",
"links": [
[
"take",
"take"
],
[
"seize",
"seize"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
]
}
],
"word": "kagʰ-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kágʰ-e-ti (thematic root present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*kageti",
"t": "to get, receive"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *kageti (“to get, receive”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *kageti (“to get, receive”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Brythonic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbm",
"2": "caffout"
},
"expansion": "Middle Breton: caffout",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Breton: caffout"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "kavoes"
},
"expansion": "Cornish: kavoes",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cornish: kavoes"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "cael"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh: cael",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Welsh: cael"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cael"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: cael",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: cael"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kagʰ-éye-ti (causative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*kaɣeō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *kaɣeō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *kaɣeō"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "incohō"
},
"expansion": "Latin: incohō",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "< *in-kaɣeō"
},
"expansion": "(< *in-kaɣeō)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: incohō (< *in-kaɣeō) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osc",
"2": "kahad",
"pos": "3s.pr.cj."
},
"expansion": "Oscan: kahad (3s.pr.cj.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Oscan: kahad (3s.pr.cj.)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xum",
"2": "cehefi",
"pos": "inf.ps."
},
"expansion": "Umbrian: cehefi (inf.ps.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Umbrian: cehefi (inf.ps.)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kagʰ-yó-m (“enclosure”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kágʰ-l̥-eh₂ ~ *kagʰ-én-eh₂"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*kaɣela",
"t": "small hole"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *kaɣela (“small hole”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *kaɣela (“small hole”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "caulae"
},
"expansion": "Latin: caulae",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: caulae (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly"
},
"expansion": "(possibly)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osc",
"2": "kaíla",
"pos": "acc.sg."
},
"expansion": "Oscan: kaíla (acc.sg.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "(possibly) Oscan: kaíla (acc.sg.)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kágʰn̥ ~ *kagʰéns"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*hagô",
"t": "enclosure, pasture"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *hagô (“enclosure, pasture”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *hagô (“enclosure, pasture”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kagʰ-nó-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*kagnā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *kagnā",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "< *kagʰ-néh₂"
},
"expansion": "(< *kagʰ-néh₂)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *kagnā (< *kagʰ-néh₂)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*kaɨn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic: *kaɨn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Brythonic: *kaɨn"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "caen"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: caen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: caen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*hagnaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *hagnaz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *hagnaz"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "hagan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: hagan",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: hagan (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly"
},
"expansion": "(possibly)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hyx-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Armenian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "(possibly) Proto-Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "ցանգ",
"id": "hedge"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: ցանգ (cʻang)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: ցանգ (cʻang), ցանկ (cʻank)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kagʰ-ró-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*kagros",
"t": "enclosure, fort"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *kagros (“enclosure, fort”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *kagros (“enclosure, fort”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*kaɨr"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic: *kaɨr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Brythonic: *kaɨr"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbm",
"2": "ker"
},
"expansion": "Middle Breton: ker",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Breton: ker"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "caer"
},
"expansion": "Cornish: caer",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cornish: caer"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "cair"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh: cair",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Welsh: cair"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "caer"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: caer",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: caer"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kagʰ-so"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "कक्ष",
"t": "secluded forest, apartment"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: कक्ष (kakṣa, “secluded forest, apartment”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: कक्ष (kakṣa, “secluded forest, apartment”)"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kagʰ-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"German quotations with omitted translation",
"German terms with quotations",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European irregular-shape roots",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European roots"
],
"glosses": [
"to take, seize"
],
"links": [
[
"take",
"take"
],
[
"seize",
"seize"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
]
}
],
"word": "kagʰ-"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.