See kʷért in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-ana-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Anatolian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Anatolian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒆪𒅕𒈪",
"pos": "1sg.pres.act.",
"tr": "ku-er-mi"
},
"expansion": "Hittite: 𒆪𒅕𒈪 (ku-er-mi, 1sg.pres.act.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hittite: 𒆪𒅕𒈪 (ku-er-mi, 1sg.pres.act.), 𒆪𒂊𒅕𒍣 (ku-e-er-zi, “to cut, to cut up, to cut off”, 3sg.pres.act.), 𒆪𒂊𒅕𒋫 (ku-e-er-ta, 3sg.pret.act.)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xlu",
"tr": "kuwarti"
},
"expansion": "Luwian: [script needed] (kuwarti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luwian: [script needed] (kuwarti)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "kūra",
"t": "he built"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian: kūra (“he built”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Prussian: kūra (“he built”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*kʷareti",
"t": "make, cause"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *kʷareti (“make, cause”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *kʷareti (“make, cause”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbm",
"2": "paras",
"pos": "3sg.pret."
},
"expansion": "Middle Breton: paras (3sg.pret.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Breton: paras (3sg.pret.)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "peri"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: peri",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: peri; paraf (1sg.pres.)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*Hákart"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hákart",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hákart (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kʷer-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Athematic root aorist of *kʷer- (“to do, make”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "perfective",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-conj-pf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷérm̥",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷéroh₂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷr̥yéh₁m̥",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"optative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷérs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷér",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷr̥dʰí",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷéresi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷr̥yéh₁s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷért",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷértu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷéreti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷr̥yéh₁t",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷr̥wé",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷérowos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷrih₁wé",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"optative"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷr̥tóm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷr̥tóm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷéretes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷrih₁tóm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"optative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷr̥tā́m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indicative",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷr̥tā́m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperative",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷéretes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷrih₁tā́m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"optative",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷr̥mé",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷéromos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷrih₁mé",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"optative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷr̥té",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷr̥té",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷérete",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷrih₁té",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷrént",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷréntu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷéronti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷrih₁ént",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷrónts",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "verb",
"3": "perfective",
"4": "",
"cat2": "perfective verbs",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "*kʷért (perfective)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kʷér",
"2": "kʷr̥",
"v": "actv"
},
"name": "ine-conj-pf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kʷért",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European terms belonging to the root *kʷer-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to do, make, build"
],
"id": "en-kʷért-ine-pro-verb-npPm9AcQ",
"links": [
[
"do",
"do"
],
[
"make",
"make"
],
[
"build",
"build"
]
],
"tags": [
"perfective",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
]
}
],
"word": "kʷért"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-ana-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Anatolian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Anatolian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒆪𒅕𒈪",
"pos": "1sg.pres.act.",
"tr": "ku-er-mi"
},
"expansion": "Hittite: 𒆪𒅕𒈪 (ku-er-mi, 1sg.pres.act.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hittite: 𒆪𒅕𒈪 (ku-er-mi, 1sg.pres.act.), 𒆪𒂊𒅕𒍣 (ku-e-er-zi, “to cut, to cut up, to cut off”, 3sg.pres.act.), 𒆪𒂊𒅕𒋫 (ku-e-er-ta, 3sg.pret.act.)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xlu",
"tr": "kuwarti"
},
"expansion": "Luwian: [script needed] (kuwarti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luwian: [script needed] (kuwarti)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "kūra",
"t": "he built"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian: kūra (“he built”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Prussian: kūra (“he built”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*kʷareti",
"t": "make, cause"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *kʷareti (“make, cause”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *kʷareti (“make, cause”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbm",
"2": "paras",
"pos": "3sg.pret."
},
"expansion": "Middle Breton: paras (3sg.pret.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Breton: paras (3sg.pret.)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "peri"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: peri",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: peri; paraf (1sg.pres.)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*Hákart"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hákart",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hákart (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kʷer-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Athematic root aorist of *kʷer- (“to do, make”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "perfective",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-conj-pf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷérm̥",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷéroh₂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷr̥yéh₁m̥",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"optative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷérs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷér",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷr̥dʰí",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷéresi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷr̥yéh₁s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷért",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷértu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷéreti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷr̥yéh₁t",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷr̥wé",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷérowos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷrih₁wé",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"optative"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷr̥tóm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷr̥tóm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷéretes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷrih₁tóm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"optative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷr̥tā́m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indicative",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷr̥tā́m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperative",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷéretes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷrih₁tā́m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"optative",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷr̥mé",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷéromos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷrih₁mé",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"optative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷr̥té",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷr̥té",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷérete",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷrih₁té",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷrént",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷréntu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷéronti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷrih₁ént",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷrónts",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "verb",
"3": "perfective",
"4": "",
"cat2": "perfective verbs",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "*kʷért (perfective)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kʷér",
"2": "kʷr̥",
"v": "actv"
},
"name": "ine-conj-pf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kʷért",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European perfective verbs",
"Proto-Indo-European root athematic aorist verbs",
"Proto-Indo-European terms belonging to the root *kʷer-",
"Proto-Indo-European verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to do, make, build"
],
"links": [
[
"do",
"do"
],
[
"make",
"make"
],
[
"build",
"build"
]
],
"tags": [
"perfective",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
]
}
],
"word": "kʷért"
}
Download raw JSONL data for kʷért meaning in Proto-Indo-European (6.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-01 using wiktextract (142890b and 1d3fdbf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.