See h₂ewg- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₂éwg-e-ti (thematic root present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hyx-pro",
"2": "*awčémi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Armenian: *awčémi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Armenian: *awčémi"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "աճեմ"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: աճեմ (ačem)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: աճեմ (ačem)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*augtei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *augtei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *augtei"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "augt"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: augt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: augt"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "áugti"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: áugti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: áugti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*aukaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *aukaną",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *aukaną (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₂ug-s-é-ti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "αὐξάνω"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: αὐξάνω (auxánō)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "or rather from *h₂weg-"
},
"expansion": "(or rather from *h₂weg-)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: αὐξάνω (auxánō) (or rather from *h₂weg-)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*Hukšáti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hukšáti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hukšáti"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*Hukṣáti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hukṣáti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hukṣáti"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "उक्षति",
"tr": "ukṣáti"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: उक्षति (ukṣáti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: उक्षति (ukṣáti)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₂owg-éye-ti ~ *h₂ewg-éye-ti (causative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*augeō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *augeō",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "with irregular change o > a"
},
"expansion": "(with irregular change o > a)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *augeō (with irregular change o > a) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₂éwg-os ~ *h₂éwg-es-os"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*Háwǰas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Háwǰas",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Háwǰas (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"alt1": "*augos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *augos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *augos"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "augur",
"3": "augustus",
"der2": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin: augur, ⇒ augustus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: augur, ⇒ augustus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₂ug-ró-s (“strong, fierce”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*Hugrás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hugrás",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hugrás (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Albanian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*(h)aug-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *(h)aug-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *(h)aug-"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "ag"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: ag",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: ag"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly"
},
"expansion": "(possibly)",
"name": "qual"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*auk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *auk",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "(possibly) Proto-Germanic: *auk (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*Hwakšáyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hwakšáyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hwakšáyati"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*Hwaxšáyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *Hwaxšáyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *Hwaxšáyati"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬎𐬑𐬱𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬍",
"t": "grows"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬎𐬑𐬱𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬍 (uxšiieⁱtī, “grows”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬎𐬑𐬱𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬍 (uxšiieⁱtī, “grows”), 𐬬𐬀𐬑𐬱𐬙 (vaxšt, “lets grow”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"gloss": "to grow",
"tr": "waxšīdan"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian: [script needed] (waxšīdan, “to grow”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Persian: [script needed] (waxšīdan, “to grow”)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "وخشیدن",
"gloss": "to wax, grow",
"tr": "vaxšidan"
},
"expansion": "Persian: وخشیدن (vaxšidan, “to wax, grow”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Persian: وخشیدن (vaxšidan, “to wax, grow”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Italic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "auxilium"
},
"expansion": "Latin: auxilium",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly from *aug-s-ili-<ref name=de_Vaan />"
},
"expansion": "(possibly from *aug-s-ili-)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Latin: auxilium (possibly from *aug-s-ili-)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "augsts"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: augsts",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: augsts"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "aũkštas"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: aũkštas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: aũkštas, augestis"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xve",
"2": "𐌀𐌖𐌙𐌀𐌓",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Venetic: 𐌀𐌖𐌙𐌀𐌓 (augar)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Venetic: 𐌀𐌖𐌙𐌀𐌓 (augar)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*kasvadak",
"bor": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Proto-Finnic: *kasvadak",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→? Proto-Finnic: *kasvadak (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₂weg->increase",
"id": "increase",
"pos": "root"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *h₂weg-, of which the zero grade *h₂ug- was reanalysed as having the ablaut vowel before the -w- rather than after it, creating a new variant form of the root. The original root remained in use, however.",
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂ewg-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "79 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "85 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "84 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European HeRC-shape roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "96 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "94 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European terms belonging to the root *h₂weg-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to increase, to enlarge"
],
"id": "en-h₂ewg--ine-pro-root-pbPFHiZl",
"links": [
[
"increase",
"increase"
],
[
"enlarge",
"enlarge"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to become strong"
],
"id": "en-h₂ewg--ine-pro-root-boKGAbCJ",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
],
"word": "h₂ewg-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-European HeRC-shape roots",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European roots",
"Proto-Indo-European terms belonging to the root *h₂weg-"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₂éwg-e-ti (thematic root present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hyx-pro",
"2": "*awčémi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Armenian: *awčémi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Armenian: *awčémi"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "աճեմ"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: աճեմ (ačem)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: աճեմ (ačem)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*augtei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *augtei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *augtei"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "augt"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: augt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: augt"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "áugti"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: áugti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: áugti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*aukaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *aukaną",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *aukaną (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₂ug-s-é-ti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "αὐξάνω"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: αὐξάνω (auxánō)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "or rather from *h₂weg-"
},
"expansion": "(or rather from *h₂weg-)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: αὐξάνω (auxánō) (or rather from *h₂weg-)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*Hukšáti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hukšáti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hukšáti"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*Hukṣáti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hukṣáti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hukṣáti"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "उक्षति",
"tr": "ukṣáti"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: उक्षति (ukṣáti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: उक्षति (ukṣáti)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₂owg-éye-ti ~ *h₂ewg-éye-ti (causative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*augeō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *augeō",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "with irregular change o > a"
},
"expansion": "(with irregular change o > a)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *augeō (with irregular change o > a) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₂éwg-os ~ *h₂éwg-es-os"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*Háwǰas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Háwǰas",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Háwǰas (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"alt1": "*augos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *augos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *augos"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "augur",
"3": "augustus",
"der2": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin: augur, ⇒ augustus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: augur, ⇒ augustus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₂ug-ró-s (“strong, fierce”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*Hugrás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hugrás",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hugrás (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Albanian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*(h)aug-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *(h)aug-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *(h)aug-"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "ag"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: ag",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: ag"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly"
},
"expansion": "(possibly)",
"name": "qual"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*auk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *auk",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "(possibly) Proto-Germanic: *auk (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*Hwakšáyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hwakšáyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hwakšáyati"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*Hwaxšáyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *Hwaxšáyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *Hwaxšáyati"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬎𐬑𐬱𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬍",
"t": "grows"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬎𐬑𐬱𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬍 (uxšiieⁱtī, “grows”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬎𐬑𐬱𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬍 (uxšiieⁱtī, “grows”), 𐬬𐬀𐬑𐬱𐬙 (vaxšt, “lets grow”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"gloss": "to grow",
"tr": "waxšīdan"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian: [script needed] (waxšīdan, “to grow”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Persian: [script needed] (waxšīdan, “to grow”)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "وخشیدن",
"gloss": "to wax, grow",
"tr": "vaxšidan"
},
"expansion": "Persian: وخشیدن (vaxšidan, “to wax, grow”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Persian: وخشیدن (vaxšidan, “to wax, grow”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Italic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "auxilium"
},
"expansion": "Latin: auxilium",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly from *aug-s-ili-<ref name=de_Vaan />"
},
"expansion": "(possibly from *aug-s-ili-)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Latin: auxilium (possibly from *aug-s-ili-)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "augsts"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: augsts",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: augsts"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "aũkštas"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: aũkštas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: aũkštas, augestis"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xve",
"2": "𐌀𐌖𐌙𐌀𐌓",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Venetic: 𐌀𐌖𐌙𐌀𐌓 (augar)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Venetic: 𐌀𐌖𐌙𐌀𐌓 (augar)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*kasvadak",
"bor": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Proto-Finnic: *kasvadak",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→? Proto-Finnic: *kasvadak (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₂weg->increase",
"id": "increase",
"pos": "root"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *h₂weg-, of which the zero grade *h₂ug- was reanalysed as having the ablaut vowel before the -w- rather than after it, creating a new variant form of the root. The original root remained in use, however.",
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂ewg-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to increase, to enlarge"
],
"links": [
[
"increase",
"increase"
],
[
"enlarge",
"enlarge"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to become strong"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
],
"word": "h₂ewg-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for h₂ewg- meaning in Proto-Indo-European (8.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (65a6e81 and 0dbea76). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.