See h₂ŕ̥tḱos in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for h₂ŕ̥tḱos meaning in Proto-Indo-European (7.2kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*artsa"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *artsa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *artsa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "ar"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: ar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Albanian: ar (< shortening of *arth, where -th was mistaken for a diminutive suffix)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "ari"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: ari",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: ari (< back-formation from arinj (pl.), inherited plural of OAlb ar), arushë (feminine)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-ana-pro",
"2": "*Hŕ̥tḱos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Anatolian: *Hŕ̥tḱos",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Anatolian: *Hŕ̥tḱos (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "արջ"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: արջ (arǰ)\nArmenian: արջ (arǰ)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: արջ (arǰ)\nArmenian: արջ (arǰ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*irśtwā́ˀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *irśtwā́ˀ",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *irśtwā́ˀ (< *h₂r̥tḱ-wéh₂) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*artos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *artos",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *artos (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*árktos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *árktos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *árktos"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἄρκτος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ἄρκτος (árktos)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ἄρκτος (árktos) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*Hŕ̥ćšas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hŕ̥ćšas",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hŕ̥ćšas (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"alt": "*orsos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *orsos",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "perhaps from earlier *orssos, though outcome of -tḱ- in Italic uncertain",
"2": "tabooistic distortion of #ar-?"
},
"expansion": "(perhaps from earlier *orssos, though outcome of -tḱ- in Italic uncertain, tabooistic distortion of #ar-?)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *orsos (perhaps from earlier *orssos, though outcome of -tḱ- in Italic uncertain, tabooistic distortion of #ar-?)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ursus"
},
"expansion": "Latin: ursus",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: ursus (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬭𐬀𐬱𐬀𐬵"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬭𐬀𐬱𐬀𐬵 (rašah)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "रक्षस्",
"tr": "rákṣas"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit रक्षस् (rákṣas)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The word is either a nominalization of an adjective *h₂r̥tḱós (“destroying”) with no attested descendants or a derivative of *h₂rétḱ-os ~ *h₂rétḱ-es- (“destruction”) (cf. Avestan 𐬭𐬀𐬱𐬀𐬵 (rašah), Sanskrit रक्षस् (rákṣas)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-noun-mf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂ŕ̥tḱos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂ŕ̥tḱoh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂ŕ̥tḱoes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂ŕ̥tḱe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂ŕ̥tḱoh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂ŕ̥tḱoes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂ŕ̥tḱom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂ŕ̥tḱoh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂ŕ̥tḱoms",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂ŕ̥tḱosyo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂ŕ̥tḱoHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂ŕ̥tḱead",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂ŕ̥tḱomos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂ŕ̥tḱoey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂ŕ̥tḱomos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂ŕ̥tḱey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂ŕ̥tḱoy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂ŕ̥tḱoysu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂ŕ̥tḱoh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂ŕ̥tḱōys",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*h₂ŕ̥tḱos m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "h₂ŕ̥tḱo"
},
"name": "ine-decl-noun-mf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂ŕ̥tḱos",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using bad params when calling Template:ine-noun",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bear"
],
"id": "en-h₂ŕ̥tḱos-ine-pro-noun-vJi7UOgJ",
"links": [
[
"bear",
"bear"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "h₂ŕ̥tḱos"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*artsa"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *artsa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *artsa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "ar"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: ar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Albanian: ar (< shortening of *arth, where -th was mistaken for a diminutive suffix)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "ari"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: ari",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: ari (< back-formation from arinj (pl.), inherited plural of OAlb ar), arushë (feminine)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-ana-pro",
"2": "*Hŕ̥tḱos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Anatolian: *Hŕ̥tḱos",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Anatolian: *Hŕ̥tḱos (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "արջ"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: արջ (arǰ)\nArmenian: արջ (arǰ)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: արջ (arǰ)\nArmenian: արջ (arǰ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*irśtwā́ˀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *irśtwā́ˀ",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *irśtwā́ˀ (< *h₂r̥tḱ-wéh₂) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*artos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *artos",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *artos (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*árktos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *árktos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *árktos"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἄρκτος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ἄρκτος (árktos)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ἄρκτος (árktos) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*Hŕ̥ćšas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hŕ̥ćšas",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hŕ̥ćšas (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"alt": "*orsos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *orsos",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "perhaps from earlier *orssos, though outcome of -tḱ- in Italic uncertain",
"2": "tabooistic distortion of #ar-?"
},
"expansion": "(perhaps from earlier *orssos, though outcome of -tḱ- in Italic uncertain, tabooistic distortion of #ar-?)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *orsos (perhaps from earlier *orssos, though outcome of -tḱ- in Italic uncertain, tabooistic distortion of #ar-?)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ursus"
},
"expansion": "Latin: ursus",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: ursus (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬭𐬀𐬱𐬀𐬵"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬭𐬀𐬱𐬀𐬵 (rašah)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "रक्षस्",
"tr": "rákṣas"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit रक्षस् (rákṣas)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The word is either a nominalization of an adjective *h₂r̥tḱós (“destroying”) with no attested descendants or a derivative of *h₂rétḱ-os ~ *h₂rétḱ-es- (“destruction”) (cf. Avestan 𐬭𐬀𐬱𐬀𐬵 (rašah), Sanskrit रक्षस् (rákṣas)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-noun-mf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂ŕ̥tḱos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂ŕ̥tḱoh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂ŕ̥tḱoes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂ŕ̥tḱe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂ŕ̥tḱoh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂ŕ̥tḱoes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂ŕ̥tḱom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂ŕ̥tḱoh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂ŕ̥tḱoms",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂ŕ̥tḱosyo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂ŕ̥tḱoHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂ŕ̥tḱead",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂ŕ̥tḱomos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂ŕ̥tḱoey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂ŕ̥tḱomos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂ŕ̥tḱey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂ŕ̥tḱoy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂ŕ̥tḱoysu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂ŕ̥tḱoh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂ŕ̥tḱōys",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*h₂ŕ̥tḱos m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "h₂ŕ̥tḱo"
},
"name": "ine-decl-noun-mf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂ŕ̥tḱos",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using bad params when calling Template:ine-noun",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European masculine nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European thematic o-stem nouns",
"Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"ine-pro:Ursids"
],
"glosses": [
"bear"
],
"links": [
[
"bear",
"bear"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "h₂ŕ̥tḱos"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.