See h₂óyu in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*eta"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *eta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *eta"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "jetë"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: jetë",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: jetë"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hyx-pro",
"2": "*ayú"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Armenian: *ayú",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Armenian: *ayú"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "այո"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: այո (ayo)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly"
},
"expansion": "(possibly)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: այո (ayo) (possibly)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*Hā́yu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hā́yu",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hā́yu (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₂ey->life",
"id": "lifetime"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *h₂ey- (“vital force, life, age, eternity”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "h₂yéw-",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-noun-n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂óyu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂óywih₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂óyuh₂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂óyu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂óywih₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂óyuh₂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂óyu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂óywih₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂óyuh₂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂yéws",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂yéwoHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂yéws",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂yúmos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂yúbʰos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂yéwey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂yúmos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂yúbʰos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂yéw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂yéwi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂yúsu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂yúh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂yúmis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂yúbʰis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "*h₂eyu-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "oblique stem",
"6": "*h₂yéw-",
"f2nolink": "1",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*h₂óyu n (oblique stem *h₂yéw-)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "h₂óyu",
"2": "h₂yéw",
"ac": "proterokinetic"
},
"name": "ine-decl-noun-n"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂óyu",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European terms belonging to the root *h₂ey- (life)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"extended",
"root"
],
"word": "h₂y-ew-"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"word": "aiwaz"
},
{
"english": "young",
"word": "h₂yéw-Hō"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Albanian: *aiwesyā; Albanian",
"word": "eshë"
},
{
"english": "always",
"roman": "aieí",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic: *aiwei (locative)",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "αἰεί"
},
{
"roman": "éva",
"sense": "*h₂oy-w-o-",
"tags": [
"Sanskrit"
],
"word": "एव"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Italic: *aiwom",
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"word": "aevum"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"sense": "⇒ *h₂ey-w-es-to-",
"word": "aiwestom"
},
{
"roman": "aiwṓn",
"sense": "Hellenic",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "αἰϝών"
},
{
"roman": "aiṓn",
"sense": "Hellenic",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "αἰών"
},
{
"roman": "hugiḗs",
"sense": "Hellenic",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "ὑγιής"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"sense": "*h₂y-(e)w-gʷih₃-",
"word": "aiwukiz"
},
{
"roman": "yauuae-jī-",
"sense": "Proto-Iranian: *HyawǰiH",
"word": "𐬫𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬈-𐬘𐬍-"
},
{
"roman": "yawēž",
"sense": "Proto-Iranian: *HyawǰiH",
"word": "→ Old Armenian: յաւէժ"
},
{
"sense": "Italic",
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"word": "iūgis"
}
],
"glosses": [
"long time, lifetime"
],
"id": "en-h₂óyu-ine-pro-noun-nvvnM8gs",
"links": [
[
"long",
"long"
],
[
"time",
"time"
],
[
"lifetime",
"lifetime"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"word": "h₂óyu"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"extended",
"root"
],
"word": "h₂y-ew-"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Albanian: *aiwesyā; Albanian",
"word": "eshë"
},
{
"english": "always",
"roman": "aieí",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic: *aiwei (locative)",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "αἰεί"
},
{
"roman": "éva",
"sense": "*h₂oy-w-o-",
"tags": [
"Sanskrit"
],
"word": "एव"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"word": "aiwaz"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Italic: *aiwom",
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"word": "aevum"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"sense": "⇒ *h₂ey-w-es-to-",
"word": "aiwestom"
},
{
"roman": "aiwṓn",
"sense": "Hellenic",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "αἰϝών"
},
{
"roman": "aiṓn",
"sense": "Hellenic",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "αἰών"
},
{
"english": "young",
"word": "h₂yéw-Hō"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"sense": "*h₂y-(e)w-gʷih₃-",
"word": "aiwukiz"
},
{
"roman": "hugiḗs",
"sense": "Hellenic",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "ὑγιής"
},
{
"roman": "yauuae-jī-",
"sense": "Proto-Iranian: *HyawǰiH",
"word": "𐬫𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬈-𐬘𐬍-"
},
{
"roman": "yawēž",
"sense": "Proto-Iranian: *HyawǰiH",
"word": "→ Old Armenian: յաւէժ"
},
{
"sense": "Italic",
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"word": "iūgis"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*eta"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *eta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *eta"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "jetë"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: jetë",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: jetë"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hyx-pro",
"2": "*ayú"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Armenian: *ayú",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Armenian: *ayú"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "այո"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: այո (ayo)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly"
},
"expansion": "(possibly)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: այո (ayo) (possibly)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*Hā́yu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hā́yu",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hā́yu (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₂ey->life",
"id": "lifetime"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *h₂ey- (“vital force, life, age, eternity”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "h₂yéw-",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-noun-n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂óyu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂óywih₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂óyuh₂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂óyu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂óywih₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂óyuh₂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂óyu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂óywih₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂óyuh₂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂yéws",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂yéwoHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂yéws",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂yúmos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂yúbʰos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂yéwey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂yúmos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂yúbʰos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂yéw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂yéwi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂yúsu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂yúh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂yúmis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂yúbʰis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "*h₂eyu-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "oblique stem",
"6": "*h₂yéw-",
"f2nolink": "1",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*h₂óyu n (oblique stem *h₂yéw-)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "h₂óyu",
"2": "h₂yéw",
"ac": "proterokinetic"
},
"name": "ine-decl-noun-n"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂óyu",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European neuter nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European proterokinetic neuter u-stem nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European terms belonging to the root *h₂ey- (life)",
"ine-pro:Biology",
"ine-pro:Time"
],
"glosses": [
"long time, lifetime"
],
"links": [
[
"long",
"long"
],
[
"time",
"time"
],
[
"lifetime",
"lifetime"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"word": "h₂óyu"
}
Download raw JSONL data for h₂óyu meaning in Proto-Indo-European (6.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (9e2b7d3 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.