See h₂érh₃trom in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for h₂érh₃trom meaning in Proto-Indo-European (6.2kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "արաւր",
"3": "հարաւր"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: արաւր (arawr), հարաւր (harawr)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: արաւր (arawr), հարաւր (harawr)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "արոր"
},
"expansion": "Armenian: արոր (aror)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Armenian: արոր (aror)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*árˀtla"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *árˀtla",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *árˀtla (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*aratrom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *aratrom",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *aratrom (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*arþrą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *arþrą",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *arþrą (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*árotron"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *árotron",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *árotron (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*arātrom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *arātrom",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *arātrom"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "arātrum"
},
"expansion": "Latin: arātrum",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: arātrum (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂erh₃-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₂erh₃-",
"3": "*-trom",
"pos2": "instrumental suffix",
"t1": "to plough"
},
"expansion": "*h₂erh₃- (“to plough”) + *-trom (instrumental suffix)",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *h₂erh₃- (“to plough”) + *-trom (instrumental suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "non-ablauting",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-noun-n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂érh₃trom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂érh₃troy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂érh₃troyh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂érh₃treh₂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂érh₃trom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂érh₃troy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂érh₃troyh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂érh₃treh₂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂érh₃trom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂érh₃troy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂érh₃troyh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂érh₃treh₂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂érh₃trosyo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂érh₃troHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂érh₃tread",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂érh₃tromos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂érh₃troey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂érh₃tromos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂érh₃trey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂érh₃troy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂érh₃troysu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂érh₃troh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂érh₃trōys",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "noun",
"3": "non-ablauting",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "-",
"f2nolink": "1",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*h₂érh₃trom (non-ablauting)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "h₂érh₃tro"
},
"name": "ine-decl-noun-n"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂érh₃trom",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European terms belonging to the root *h₂erh₃-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-trom",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"plough, ard"
],
"id": "en-h₂érh₃trom-ine-pro-noun-8gti9Fn8",
"links": [
[
"plough",
"plough"
],
[
"ard",
"ard"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "h₂erh₃dʰlom"
},
{
"word": "h₂erh₃tlom"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"de:Brian D. Joseph"
]
}
],
"word": "h₂érh₃trom"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "արաւր",
"3": "հարաւր"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: արաւր (arawr), հարաւր (harawr)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: արաւր (arawr), հարաւր (harawr)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "արոր"
},
"expansion": "Armenian: արոր (aror)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Armenian: արոր (aror)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*árˀtla"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *árˀtla",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *árˀtla (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*aratrom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *aratrom",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *aratrom (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*arþrą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *arþrą",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *arþrą (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*árotron"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *árotron",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *árotron (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*arātrom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *arātrom",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *arātrom"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "arātrum"
},
"expansion": "Latin: arātrum",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: arātrum (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂erh₃-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₂erh₃-",
"3": "*-trom",
"pos2": "instrumental suffix",
"t1": "to plough"
},
"expansion": "*h₂erh₃- (“to plough”) + *-trom (instrumental suffix)",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *h₂erh₃- (“to plough”) + *-trom (instrumental suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "non-ablauting",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-noun-n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂érh₃trom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂érh₃troy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂érh₃troyh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂érh₃treh₂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂érh₃trom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂érh₃troy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂érh₃troyh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂érh₃treh₂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂érh₃trom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂érh₃troy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂érh₃troyh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂érh₃treh₂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂érh₃trosyo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂érh₃troHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂érh₃tread",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂érh₃tromos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂érh₃troey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂érh₃tromos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂érh₃trey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂érh₃troy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂érh₃troysu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂érh₃troh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "h₂érh₃trōys",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "noun",
"3": "non-ablauting",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "-",
"f2nolink": "1",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*h₂érh₃trom (non-ablauting)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "h₂érh₃tro"
},
"name": "ine-decl-noun-n"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂érh₃trom",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European terms belonging to the root *h₂erh₃-",
"Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-trom",
"Proto-Indo-European thematic neuter o-stem nouns",
"ine-pro:Agriculture",
"ine-pro:Tools"
],
"glosses": [
"plough, ard"
],
"links": [
[
"plough",
"plough"
],
[
"ard",
"ard"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"de:Brian D. Joseph"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "h₂erh₃dʰlom"
},
{
"word": "h₂erh₃tlom"
}
],
"word": "h₂érh₃trom"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-19 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-06 using wiktextract (372f256 and 664a3bc). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.