See gʰrómos in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*gramas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *gramas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *gramas"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*gromъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *gromъ",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *gromъ (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*gramaz",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Germanic: *gramaz",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Germanic: *gramaz (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*kʰrómos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *kʰrómos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *kʰrómos"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "χρόμος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: χρόμος (khrómos)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: χρόμος (khrómos)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*gʰrámas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *gʰrámas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *gʰrámas"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*grámah"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *grámah",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *grámah"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "غړوم",
"t": "roar; rumble, peal of thunder",
"tr": "ğṛum"
},
"expansion": "Pashto: غړوم (ğṛum, “roar; rumble, peal of thunder”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pashto: غړوم (ğṛum, “roar; rumble, peal of thunder”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "غرم",
"tr": "ğaram"
},
"expansion": "Persian: غرم (ğaram)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Persian: غرم (ğaram)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*gʰrem-",
"3": "*-os",
"id2": "thematic",
"t1": "to roar, rumble; to thunder"
},
"expansion": "*gʰrem- (“to roar, rumble; to thunder”) + *-os",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *gʰrem- (“to roar, rumble; to thunder”) + *-os",
"forms": [
{
"form": "non-ablauting",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-noun-mf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gʰrómos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gʰrómoh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "gʰrómoes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gʰróme",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gʰrómoh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gʰrómoes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gʰrómom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gʰrómoh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gʰrómoms",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gʰrómosyo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "gʰrómoHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gʰrómead",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gʰrómomos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gʰrómobʰos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gʰrómoey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gʰrómomos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gʰrómobʰos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gʰrómey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gʰrómoy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "gʰrómoysu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gʰrómoh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "gʰrómōys",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "noun",
"3": "non-ablauting",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "-",
"f2nolink": "1",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*gʰrómos m (non-ablauting)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gʰrómo"
},
"name": "ine-decl-noun-mf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʰrómos",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "79 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "89 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "94 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "97 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-os (thematic)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a roar, rumble"
],
"id": "en-gʰrómos-ine-pro-noun-0nT9lK9Q",
"links": [
[
"roar",
"roar"
],
[
"rumble",
"rumble"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"thunder"
],
"id": "en-gʰrómos-ine-pro-noun-Se~3R~e2",
"links": [
[
"thunder",
"thunder"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
],
"word": "gʰrómos"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European masculine nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-os (thematic)",
"Proto-Indo-European thematic o-stem nouns"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*gramas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *gramas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *gramas"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*gromъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *gromъ",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *gromъ (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*gramaz",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Germanic: *gramaz",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Germanic: *gramaz (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*kʰrómos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *kʰrómos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *kʰrómos"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "χρόμος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: χρόμος (khrómos)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: χρόμος (khrómos)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*gʰrámas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *gʰrámas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *gʰrámas"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*grámah"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *grámah",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *grámah"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "غړوم",
"t": "roar; rumble, peal of thunder",
"tr": "ğṛum"
},
"expansion": "Pashto: غړوم (ğṛum, “roar; rumble, peal of thunder”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pashto: غړوم (ğṛum, “roar; rumble, peal of thunder”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "غرم",
"tr": "ğaram"
},
"expansion": "Persian: غرم (ğaram)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Persian: غرم (ğaram)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*gʰrem-",
"3": "*-os",
"id2": "thematic",
"t1": "to roar, rumble; to thunder"
},
"expansion": "*gʰrem- (“to roar, rumble; to thunder”) + *-os",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *gʰrem- (“to roar, rumble; to thunder”) + *-os",
"forms": [
{
"form": "non-ablauting",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-noun-mf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gʰrómos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gʰrómoh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "gʰrómoes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gʰróme",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gʰrómoh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gʰrómoes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gʰrómom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gʰrómoh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gʰrómoms",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gʰrómosyo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "gʰrómoHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gʰrómead",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gʰrómomos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gʰrómobʰos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gʰrómoey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gʰrómomos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gʰrómobʰos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gʰrómey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gʰrómoy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "gʰrómoysu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gʰrómoh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "gʰrómōys",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "noun",
"3": "non-ablauting",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "-",
"f2nolink": "1",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*gʰrómos m (non-ablauting)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gʰrómo"
},
"name": "ine-decl-noun-mf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʰrómos",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a roar, rumble"
],
"links": [
[
"roar",
"roar"
],
[
"rumble",
"rumble"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"thunder"
],
"links": [
[
"thunder",
"thunder"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
],
"word": "gʰrómos"
}
Download raw JSONL data for gʰrómos meaning in Proto-Indo-European (5.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (94ba7e1 and 5dea2a6). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.