See der- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*dér-e-ti (thematic present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sgs",
"2": "derù",
"pos": "1sg.pres. of <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"sgs\">dir̃ti</i> (“to skin”)"
},
"expansion": "Samogitian: derù (1sg.pres. of dir̃ti (“to skin”))",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Samogitian: derù (1sg.pres. of dir̃ti (“to skin”))"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*derǫ",
"pos": "1sg.pres. of <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"sla-pro\">*dьràti</i> (“to tear, flay”)"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *derǫ (1sg.pres. of *dьràti (“to tear, flay”))",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *derǫ (1sg.pres. of *dьràti (“to tear, flay”)) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*teraną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *teraną",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *teraną (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*dérō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *dérō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *dérō"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "δέρω"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: δέρω (dérō)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: δέρω (dérō)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*dér-t ~ *dr-ént (root aorist)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa-ved",
"2": "दर्त्",
"pos": "3sg.aor.inj.act.",
"tr": "dárt"
},
"expansion": "Vedic Sanskrit: दर्त् (dárt, 3sg.aor.inj.act.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Vedic Sanskrit: दर्त् (dárt, 3sg.aor.inj.act.)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "or later formation"
},
"expansion": "(or later formation)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "*dr̥-néH-ti ~ *dr̥-nH-énti (néH-present?) (or later formation)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*dr̥náHti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dr̥náHti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dr̥náHti"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*dr̥náHti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dr̥náHti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dr̥náHti"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "दृणाति",
"tr": "dṛṇā́ti"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: दृणाति (dṛṇā́ti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: दृणाति (dṛṇā́ti)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*dr̥náHti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *dr̥náHti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *dr̥náHti"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬛𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬆𐬧𐬙𐬌",
"pos": "3pl.pres.ind."
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬛𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬆𐬧𐬙𐬌 (dər^ənəṇti, 3pl.pres.ind.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬛𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬆𐬧𐬙𐬌 (dər^ənəṇti, 3pl.pres.ind.)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kho",
"tr": "dar(r)-"
},
"expansion": "Khotanese: [script needed] (dar(r)-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khotanese: [script needed] (dar(r)-)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bal",
"2": "درت",
"t": "to tear up",
"tr": "dirt"
},
"expansion": "Baluchi: درت (dirt, “to tear up”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Baluchi: درت (dirt, “to tear up”), در (dirr)/ دن (din-)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kurdish:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ckb",
"2": "دڕین",
"tr": "diřīn"
},
"expansion": "Central Kurdish: دڕین (diřīn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Central Kurdish: دڕین (diřīn), دڕ (diř-)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "dirîn",
"tr": "dirīn"
},
"expansion": "Northern Kurdish: dirîn (dirīn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Kurdish: dirîn (dirīn), dir (dir-)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sdh",
"2": "دڕین",
"tr": "diřīn"
},
"expansion": "Southern Kurdish: دڕین (diřīn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Kurdish: دڕین (diřīn), دڕ (diř-)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Zaza-Gorani:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hac",
"2": "دڕیای",
"t": "to tear",
"tr": "diřāy"
},
"expansion": "Gurani: دڕیای (diřāy, “to tear”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gurani: دڕیای (diřāy, “to tear”), در (dir-)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zza",
"2": "dirnayen",
"t": "to tear off, cut off",
"tr": "dirnāyan"
},
"expansion": "Zazaki: dirnayen (dirnāyan, “to tear off, cut off”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Zazaki: dirnayen (dirnāyan, “to tear off, cut off”), diřa (dirrā-)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "-",
"ts": "darrīdan"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian: (/darrīdan/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Persian: (/darrīdan/)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"sc": "Phlv",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "SDKWNtn'"
},
"expansion": "Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (SDKWNtn')",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (SDKWNtn'), [Book Pahlavi needed] (dlytn')"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Lurish:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lrc",
"2": "درنییاْ",
"tr": "derniye"
},
"expansion": "Northern Luri: درنییاْ (derniye)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Luri: درنییاْ (derniye)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bqi",
"2": "درنیڌن",
"tr": "derniđen"
},
"expansion": "Bakhtiari: درنیڌن (derniđen)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bakhtiari: درنیڌن (derniđen)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "luz",
"2": "درنیڌن",
"tr": "derniđen"
},
"expansion": "Southern Luri: درنیڌن (derniđen)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Luri: درنیڌن (derniđen)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "or later formation"
},
"expansion": "(or later formation)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "*dr̥-nh₂-é-ti ~ *dr̥-nh₂-é-nti (nh₂-present?) (or later formation)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*turnaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *turnaną",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *turnaną"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "*𐍄𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐌰𐌽"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: *𐍄𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐌰𐌽 (*taurnan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: *𐍄𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐌰𐌽 (*taurnan) (in 𐌰𐍆𐍄𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐌰𐌽 (aftaurnan), 𐌳𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐌰𐌽 (distaurnan))"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*de-dór-e ~ *de-dr-ḗr (reduplicated perfect)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ददार",
"tr": "dadā́ra"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: ददार (dadā́ra)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: ददार (dadā́ra)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "δέδαρται"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: δέδαρται (dédartai)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: δέδαρται (dédartai)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*dér-mn̥ ~ *dr̥-mnés (deverbal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*dérmə"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *dérmə",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *dérmə"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "δέρμα"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: δέρμα (dérma)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: δέρμα (dérma)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*dr̥-tis"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*turþiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *turþiz",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *turþiz (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*də́rtis"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *də́rtis",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *də́rtis"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "δάρσις"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: δάρσις (dársis)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: δάρσις (dársis)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*dŕ̥tiš"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dŕ̥tiš",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dŕ̥tiš"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*dŕ̥tiṣ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dŕ̥tiṣ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dŕ̥tiṣ"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "दृति",
"tr": "dṛ́ti"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: दृति (dṛ́ti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: दृति (dṛ́ti)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*dr̥-nos"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*darnos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *darnos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *darnos, *darnā"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*darn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic: *darn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Brythonic: *darn"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbm",
"2": "darn"
},
"expansion": "Middle Breton: darn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Breton: darn"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "darn"
},
"expansion": "Cornish: darn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cornish: darn"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "darn"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh: darn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Welsh: darn"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "darn"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: darn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: darn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-gau",
"2": "*darnā"
},
"expansion": "Gaulish: *darnā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gaulish: *darnā"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "darne",
"bor": "1",
"t": "piece, slice of fish"
},
"expansion": "→ French: darne (“piece, slice of fish”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: darne (“piece, slice of fish”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*turnaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *turnaz",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *turnaz (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*dь̀rnъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *dь̀rnъ",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *dь̀rnъ (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "djerr",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Albanian: djerr",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "or variant of <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"sq\">bjerr</i>"
},
"expansion": "(or variant of bjerr)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": ">? Albanian: djerr (or variant of bjerr)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*dírāˀtei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *dírāˀtei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *dírāˀtei"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "dìrti"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: dìrti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: dìrti"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*dьràti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *dьràti",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *dьràti (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Celtic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Celtic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "drécht"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: drécht",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: drécht (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*trinnaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *trinnaną",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *trinnaną (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*trannijaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *trannijaną",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *trannijaną (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*dárdarti",
"pos": "intensive verb"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dárdarti (intensive verb)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dárdarti (intensive verb)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "दर्दर्षि",
"pos": "2sg.pres.ind.",
"tr": "dárdarṣi"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: दर्दर्षि (dárdarṣi, 2sg.pres.ind.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: दर्दर्षि (dárdarṣi, 2sg.pres.ind.)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬥𐬌𐬲𐬛𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬛𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌𐬌𐬁𐬝",
"der": "1",
"pos": "3sg.pres.opt."
},
"expansion": "⇒ Avestan: 𐬥𐬌𐬲𐬛𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬛𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌𐬌𐬁𐬝 (niždarədaⁱriiāt̰, 3sg.pres.opt.)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "+ <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"ira-pro\">*niš-</i>"
},
"expansion": "(+ *niš-)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Avestan: 𐬥𐬌𐬲𐬛𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬛𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌𐬌𐬁𐬝 (niždarədaⁱriiāt̰, 3sg.pres.opt.) (+ *niš-)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*dr̥Hyátay"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dr̥Hyátay",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dr̥Hyátay"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*dr̥Hyátay"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dr̥Hyátay",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dr̥Hyátay"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "दीर्यते",
"tr": "dīryáte"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: दीर्यते (dīryáte)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: दीर्यते (dīryáte)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*dr̥Hakas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dr̥Hakas",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "perhaps"
},
"expansion": "(perhaps)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dr̥Hakas (perhaps)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*dr̥Hakah"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *dr̥Hakah",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *dr̥Hakah"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa-cls",
"2": "دره",
"t": "skin; a kind of Islamic punishment which related to sewing skin of the sinful person",
"tr": "dirra"
},
"expansion": "Classical Persian: دره (dirra, “skin; a kind of Islamic punishment which related to sewing skin of the sinful person”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Classical Persian: دره (dirra, “skin; a kind of Islamic punishment which related to sewing skin of the sinful person”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*dar-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dar-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dar-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*dar-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dar-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dar-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "दॄ"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: दॄ (dṝ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: दॄ (dṝ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-toc-pro",
"2": "*tsär-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tocharian: *tsär-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Tocharian: *tsär-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "tsär-"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian A: tsär-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian A: tsär-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "tsär-"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B: tsär-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian B: tsär-"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/der-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "59 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "80 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European CeR-shaped roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "94 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "96 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to split, to separate"
],
"id": "en-der--ine-pro-root-tG5AfeFU",
"links": [
[
"split",
"split"
],
[
"separate",
"separate"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to tear, to crack, to shatter"
],
"id": "en-der--ine-pro-root-gxN023DO",
"links": [
[
"tear",
"tear"
],
[
"crack",
"crack"
],
[
"shatter",
"shatter"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
],
"word": "der-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-European CeR-shaped roots",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European roots"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*dér-e-ti (thematic present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sgs",
"2": "derù",
"pos": "1sg.pres. of <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"sgs\">dir̃ti</i> (“to skin”)"
},
"expansion": "Samogitian: derù (1sg.pres. of dir̃ti (“to skin”))",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Samogitian: derù (1sg.pres. of dir̃ti (“to skin”))"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*derǫ",
"pos": "1sg.pres. of <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"sla-pro\">*dьràti</i> (“to tear, flay”)"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *derǫ (1sg.pres. of *dьràti (“to tear, flay”))",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *derǫ (1sg.pres. of *dьràti (“to tear, flay”)) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*teraną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *teraną",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *teraną (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*dérō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *dérō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *dérō"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "δέρω"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: δέρω (dérō)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: δέρω (dérō)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*dér-t ~ *dr-ént (root aorist)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa-ved",
"2": "दर्त्",
"pos": "3sg.aor.inj.act.",
"tr": "dárt"
},
"expansion": "Vedic Sanskrit: दर्त् (dárt, 3sg.aor.inj.act.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Vedic Sanskrit: दर्त् (dárt, 3sg.aor.inj.act.)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "or later formation"
},
"expansion": "(or later formation)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "*dr̥-néH-ti ~ *dr̥-nH-énti (néH-present?) (or later formation)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*dr̥náHti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dr̥náHti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dr̥náHti"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*dr̥náHti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dr̥náHti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dr̥náHti"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "दृणाति",
"tr": "dṛṇā́ti"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: दृणाति (dṛṇā́ti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: दृणाति (dṛṇā́ti)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*dr̥náHti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *dr̥náHti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *dr̥náHti"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬛𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬆𐬧𐬙𐬌",
"pos": "3pl.pres.ind."
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬛𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬆𐬧𐬙𐬌 (dər^ənəṇti, 3pl.pres.ind.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬛𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬆𐬧𐬙𐬌 (dər^ənəṇti, 3pl.pres.ind.)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kho",
"tr": "dar(r)-"
},
"expansion": "Khotanese: [script needed] (dar(r)-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khotanese: [script needed] (dar(r)-)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bal",
"2": "درت",
"t": "to tear up",
"tr": "dirt"
},
"expansion": "Baluchi: درت (dirt, “to tear up”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Baluchi: درت (dirt, “to tear up”), در (dirr)/ دن (din-)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kurdish:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ckb",
"2": "دڕین",
"tr": "diřīn"
},
"expansion": "Central Kurdish: دڕین (diřīn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Central Kurdish: دڕین (diřīn), دڕ (diř-)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "dirîn",
"tr": "dirīn"
},
"expansion": "Northern Kurdish: dirîn (dirīn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Kurdish: dirîn (dirīn), dir (dir-)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sdh",
"2": "دڕین",
"tr": "diřīn"
},
"expansion": "Southern Kurdish: دڕین (diřīn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Kurdish: دڕین (diřīn), دڕ (diř-)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Zaza-Gorani:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hac",
"2": "دڕیای",
"t": "to tear",
"tr": "diřāy"
},
"expansion": "Gurani: دڕیای (diřāy, “to tear”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gurani: دڕیای (diřāy, “to tear”), در (dir-)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zza",
"2": "dirnayen",
"t": "to tear off, cut off",
"tr": "dirnāyan"
},
"expansion": "Zazaki: dirnayen (dirnāyan, “to tear off, cut off”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Zazaki: dirnayen (dirnāyan, “to tear off, cut off”), diřa (dirrā-)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "-",
"ts": "darrīdan"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian: (/darrīdan/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Persian: (/darrīdan/)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"sc": "Phlv",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "SDKWNtn'"
},
"expansion": "Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (SDKWNtn')",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (SDKWNtn'), [Book Pahlavi needed] (dlytn')"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Lurish:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lrc",
"2": "درنییاْ",
"tr": "derniye"
},
"expansion": "Northern Luri: درنییاْ (derniye)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Luri: درنییاْ (derniye)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bqi",
"2": "درنیڌن",
"tr": "derniđen"
},
"expansion": "Bakhtiari: درنیڌن (derniđen)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bakhtiari: درنیڌن (derniđen)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "luz",
"2": "درنیڌن",
"tr": "derniđen"
},
"expansion": "Southern Luri: درنیڌن (derniđen)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Luri: درنیڌن (derniđen)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "or later formation"
},
"expansion": "(or later formation)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "*dr̥-nh₂-é-ti ~ *dr̥-nh₂-é-nti (nh₂-present?) (or later formation)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*turnaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *turnaną",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *turnaną"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "*𐍄𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐌰𐌽"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: *𐍄𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐌰𐌽 (*taurnan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: *𐍄𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐌰𐌽 (*taurnan) (in 𐌰𐍆𐍄𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐌰𐌽 (aftaurnan), 𐌳𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐌰𐌽 (distaurnan))"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*de-dór-e ~ *de-dr-ḗr (reduplicated perfect)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ददार",
"tr": "dadā́ra"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: ददार (dadā́ra)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: ददार (dadā́ra)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "δέδαρται"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: δέδαρται (dédartai)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: δέδαρται (dédartai)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*dér-mn̥ ~ *dr̥-mnés (deverbal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*dérmə"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *dérmə",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *dérmə"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "δέρμα"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: δέρμα (dérma)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: δέρμα (dérma)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*dr̥-tis"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*turþiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *turþiz",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *turþiz (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*də́rtis"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *də́rtis",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *də́rtis"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "δάρσις"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: δάρσις (dársis)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: δάρσις (dársis)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*dŕ̥tiš"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dŕ̥tiš",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dŕ̥tiš"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*dŕ̥tiṣ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dŕ̥tiṣ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dŕ̥tiṣ"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "दृति",
"tr": "dṛ́ti"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: दृति (dṛ́ti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: दृति (dṛ́ti)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*dr̥-nos"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*darnos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *darnos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *darnos, *darnā"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*darn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic: *darn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Brythonic: *darn"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbm",
"2": "darn"
},
"expansion": "Middle Breton: darn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Breton: darn"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "darn"
},
"expansion": "Cornish: darn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cornish: darn"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "darn"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh: darn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Welsh: darn"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "darn"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: darn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: darn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-gau",
"2": "*darnā"
},
"expansion": "Gaulish: *darnā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gaulish: *darnā"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "darne",
"bor": "1",
"t": "piece, slice of fish"
},
"expansion": "→ French: darne (“piece, slice of fish”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: darne (“piece, slice of fish”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*turnaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *turnaz",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *turnaz (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*dь̀rnъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *dь̀rnъ",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *dь̀rnъ (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "djerr",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Albanian: djerr",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "or variant of <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"sq\">bjerr</i>"
},
"expansion": "(or variant of bjerr)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": ">? Albanian: djerr (or variant of bjerr)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*dírāˀtei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *dírāˀtei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *dírāˀtei"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "dìrti"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: dìrti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: dìrti"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*dьràti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *dьràti",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *dьràti (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Celtic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Celtic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "drécht"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: drécht",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: drécht (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*trinnaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *trinnaną",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *trinnaną (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*trannijaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *trannijaną",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *trannijaną (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*dárdarti",
"pos": "intensive verb"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dárdarti (intensive verb)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dárdarti (intensive verb)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "दर्दर्षि",
"pos": "2sg.pres.ind.",
"tr": "dárdarṣi"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: दर्दर्षि (dárdarṣi, 2sg.pres.ind.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: दर्दर्षि (dárdarṣi, 2sg.pres.ind.)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬥𐬌𐬲𐬛𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬛𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌𐬌𐬁𐬝",
"der": "1",
"pos": "3sg.pres.opt."
},
"expansion": "⇒ Avestan: 𐬥𐬌𐬲𐬛𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬛𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌𐬌𐬁𐬝 (niždarədaⁱriiāt̰, 3sg.pres.opt.)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "+ <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"ira-pro\">*niš-</i>"
},
"expansion": "(+ *niš-)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Avestan: 𐬥𐬌𐬲𐬛𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬛𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌𐬌𐬁𐬝 (niždarədaⁱriiāt̰, 3sg.pres.opt.) (+ *niš-)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*dr̥Hyátay"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dr̥Hyátay",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dr̥Hyátay"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*dr̥Hyátay"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dr̥Hyátay",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dr̥Hyátay"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "दीर्यते",
"tr": "dīryáte"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: दीर्यते (dīryáte)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: दीर्यते (dīryáte)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*dr̥Hakas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dr̥Hakas",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "perhaps"
},
"expansion": "(perhaps)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dr̥Hakas (perhaps)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*dr̥Hakah"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *dr̥Hakah",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *dr̥Hakah"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa-cls",
"2": "دره",
"t": "skin; a kind of Islamic punishment which related to sewing skin of the sinful person",
"tr": "dirra"
},
"expansion": "Classical Persian: دره (dirra, “skin; a kind of Islamic punishment which related to sewing skin of the sinful person”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Classical Persian: دره (dirra, “skin; a kind of Islamic punishment which related to sewing skin of the sinful person”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*dar-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dar-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dar-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*dar-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dar-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dar-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "दॄ"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: दॄ (dṝ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: दॄ (dṝ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-toc-pro",
"2": "*tsär-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tocharian: *tsär-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Tocharian: *tsär-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "tsär-"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian A: tsär-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian A: tsär-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "tsär-"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B: tsär-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian B: tsär-"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/der-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to split, to separate"
],
"links": [
[
"split",
"split"
],
[
"separate",
"separate"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to tear, to crack, to shatter"
],
"links": [
[
"tear",
"tear"
],
[
"crack",
"crack"
],
[
"shatter",
"shatter"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
],
"word": "der-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for der- meaning in Proto-Indo-European (18.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (32c88e6 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.