See derḱ- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*darć-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *darć-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *darć-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*darś-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *darś-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *darś-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "दृश्"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: दृश् (dṛś)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: दृश् (dṛś)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*dérḱ-t ~ *dr̥ḱ-ént (root aorist)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἔδρᾰκον"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ἔδρᾰκον (édrakon)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ἔδρᾰκον (édrakon), δρακείς (drakeís, traditionally analyzed as aor.pass.part. but probably an athematic aorist [Forssman 1964])"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*dárćam"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dárćam",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dárćam"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*dárśam"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dárśam",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dárśam"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "दर्शम्",
"tr": "dárśam"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: दर्शम् (dárśam)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: दर्शम् (dárśam)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*dárćam"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *dárćam",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *dárćam"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬛𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬯𐬆𐬨"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬛𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬯𐬆𐬨 (dar^əsəm)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬛𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬯𐬆𐬨 (dar^əsəm)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*de-dórḱ-e ~ *de-dr̥ḱ-ḗr (perfect)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "",
"alt": "*ad-kom-dark-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *ad-kom-dark-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *ad-kom-dark-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ad·condairc",
"pos": "perfect of <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"sga\">ad·cí</i>"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: ad·condairc (perfect of ad·cí)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: ad·condairc (perfect of ad·cí)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "chonaic",
"pos": "past tense of <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"ga\">feic</i>"
},
"expansion": "Irish: chonaic (past tense of feic)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: chonaic (past tense of feic)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "honnick",
"pos": "past tense of <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"gv\">faik</i>"
},
"expansion": "Manx: honnick (past tense of faik)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manx: honnick (past tense of faik)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "chunnaic",
"pos": "past tense of <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"gd\">faic</i>"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: chunnaic (past tense of faic)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scottish Gaelic: chunnaic (past tense of faic)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "δέδορκεν"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: δέδορκεν (dédorken)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: δέδορκεν (dédorken)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*dadárća"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dadárća",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dadárća, *dádr̥ćay"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*dadárśa"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dadárśa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dadárśa, *dádr̥śay"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ददर्श",
"tr": "dadárśa"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: ददर्श (dadárśa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: ददर्श (dadárśa), ददृशे (dádṛśe) (merged with the past tense of पश्यति (páśyati))"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*dadárca"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *dadárca",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *dadárca"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬛𐬁𐬛𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬯𐬀"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬛𐬁𐬛𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬯𐬀 (dādar^əsa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬛𐬁𐬛𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬯𐬀 (dādar^əsa)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*dorḱ-éye-ti (causative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*tarhijaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *tarhijaną",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *tarhijaną (with irregular -h-)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌲𐌰𐍄𐌰𐍂𐌷𐌾𐌰𐌽"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐍄𐌰𐍂𐌷𐌾𐌰𐌽 (gatarhjan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐍄𐌰𐍂𐌷𐌾𐌰𐌽 (gatarhjan)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*darćáyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *darćáyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *darćáyati"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*darśáyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *darśáyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *darśáyati"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "दर्शयति",
"tr": "darśáyati"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: दर्शयति (darśáyati)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: दर्शयति (darśáyati)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*dérḱ-e-ti (secondary root present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*dérkomai"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *dérkomai",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *dérkomai"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "δέρκομαι"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: δέρκομαι (dérkomai)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: δέρκομαι (dérkomai)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "δράκων",
"der": "1",
"nolb": "1",
"t": "serpent, dragon",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒? δράκων (drákōn, “serpent, dragon”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒? δράκων (drákōn, “serpent, dragon”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*dérḱ-mn̥"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*dérkmə"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *dérkmə",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *dérkmə"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "δέργμα"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: δέργμα (dérgma)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: δέργμα (dérgma)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*dérḱ-s ~ *dr̥ḱ-és (“eye”, root noun)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"alt": "*dr̥ḱ-eh₂",
"der": "1",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ *dr̥ḱ-eh₂",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ *dr̥ḱ-eh₂"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*drikā",
"t": "face"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *drikā (“face”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *drikā (“face”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"alt": "*derḱ-o-s",
"der": "1",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ *derḱ-o-s",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ *derḱ-o-s"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*derkos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *derkos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *derkos"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "derc"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: derc\nMiddle Irish: derc\nIrish: dearc, dearca, deirc\nScottish Gaelic: dearc",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: derc\nMiddle Irish: derc\nIrish: dearc, dearca, deirc\nScottish Gaelic: dearc"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"alt": "*dŕ̥ḱ-o-s",
"der": "1",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ *dŕ̥ḱ-o-s",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ *dŕ̥ḱ-o-s"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "δράκος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: δράκος (drákos)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: δράκος (drákos)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*dáḱru",
"alt": "*dr̥ḱ-h₂eḱru",
"der": "1",
"lit": "eye-sharp/bitter",
"nolb": "1",
"pos": "n",
"qq": "compound with <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"ine-pro\">*h₂éḱru</i>",
"t": "tear",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒? *dr̥ḱ-h₂eḱru (“tear”, noun, literally “eye-sharp/bitter”) (compound with *h₂éḱru)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒? *dr̥ḱ-h₂eḱru (“tear”, noun, literally “eye-sharp/bitter”) (compound with *h₂éḱru)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*dérḱ-ti-s ~ *dr̥ḱ-téy-s (> *dŕ̥ḱ-ti-s)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*driktā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *driktā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *driktā"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "dritë"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: dritë",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: dritë"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*dŕ̥štiš"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dŕ̥štiš",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dŕ̥štiš"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*dŕ̥ṣṭiṣ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dŕ̥ṣṭiṣ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dŕ̥ṣṭiṣ"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "दृष्टि",
"tr": "dṛ́ṣṭi"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: दृष्टि (dṛ́ṣṭi)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: दृष्टि (dṛ́ṣṭi) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*dr̥ḱ-tó-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*turhtaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *turhtaz",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *turhtaz (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*turhtōną",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Germanic: *turhtōną",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Germanic: *turhtōną"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "ougozorhtōn"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: ougozorhtōn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: ougozorhtōn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*dr̥štás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dr̥štás",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dr̥štás (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "տեսանեմ"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: տեսանեմ (tesanem)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: տեսանեմ (tesanem)"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/derḱ-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European CeRC-shape roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European perfective roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to see"
],
"id": "en-derḱ--ine-pro-root-6g1zNN7-",
"links": [
[
"see",
"see"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"perfective",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
]
}
],
"word": "derḱ-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*darć-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *darć-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *darć-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*darś-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *darś-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *darś-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "दृश्"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: दृश् (dṛś)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: दृश् (dṛś)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*dérḱ-t ~ *dr̥ḱ-ént (root aorist)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἔδρᾰκον"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ἔδρᾰκον (édrakon)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ἔδρᾰκον (édrakon), δρακείς (drakeís, traditionally analyzed as aor.pass.part. but probably an athematic aorist [Forssman 1964])"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*dárćam"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dárćam",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dárćam"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*dárśam"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dárśam",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dárśam"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "दर्शम्",
"tr": "dárśam"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: दर्शम् (dárśam)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: दर्शम् (dárśam)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*dárćam"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *dárćam",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *dárćam"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬛𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬯𐬆𐬨"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬛𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬯𐬆𐬨 (dar^əsəm)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬛𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬯𐬆𐬨 (dar^əsəm)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*de-dórḱ-e ~ *de-dr̥ḱ-ḗr (perfect)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "",
"alt": "*ad-kom-dark-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *ad-kom-dark-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *ad-kom-dark-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ad·condairc",
"pos": "perfect of <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"sga\">ad·cí</i>"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: ad·condairc (perfect of ad·cí)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: ad·condairc (perfect of ad·cí)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "chonaic",
"pos": "past tense of <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"ga\">feic</i>"
},
"expansion": "Irish: chonaic (past tense of feic)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: chonaic (past tense of feic)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "honnick",
"pos": "past tense of <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"gv\">faik</i>"
},
"expansion": "Manx: honnick (past tense of faik)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manx: honnick (past tense of faik)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "chunnaic",
"pos": "past tense of <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"gd\">faic</i>"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: chunnaic (past tense of faic)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scottish Gaelic: chunnaic (past tense of faic)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "δέδορκεν"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: δέδορκεν (dédorken)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: δέδορκεν (dédorken)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*dadárća"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dadárća",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dadárća, *dádr̥ćay"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*dadárśa"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dadárśa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dadárśa, *dádr̥śay"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ददर्श",
"tr": "dadárśa"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: ददर्श (dadárśa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: ददर्श (dadárśa), ददृशे (dádṛśe) (merged with the past tense of पश्यति (páśyati))"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*dadárca"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *dadárca",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *dadárca"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬛𐬁𐬛𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬯𐬀"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬛𐬁𐬛𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬯𐬀 (dādar^əsa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬛𐬁𐬛𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬯𐬀 (dādar^əsa)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*dorḱ-éye-ti (causative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*tarhijaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *tarhijaną",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *tarhijaną (with irregular -h-)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌲𐌰𐍄𐌰𐍂𐌷𐌾𐌰𐌽"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐍄𐌰𐍂𐌷𐌾𐌰𐌽 (gatarhjan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐍄𐌰𐍂𐌷𐌾𐌰𐌽 (gatarhjan)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*darćáyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *darćáyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *darćáyati"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*darśáyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *darśáyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *darśáyati"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "दर्शयति",
"tr": "darśáyati"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: दर्शयति (darśáyati)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: दर्शयति (darśáyati)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*dérḱ-e-ti (secondary root present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*dérkomai"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *dérkomai",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *dérkomai"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "δέρκομαι"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: δέρκομαι (dérkomai)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: δέρκομαι (dérkomai)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "δράκων",
"der": "1",
"nolb": "1",
"t": "serpent, dragon",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒? δράκων (drákōn, “serpent, dragon”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒? δράκων (drákōn, “serpent, dragon”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*dérḱ-mn̥"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*dérkmə"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *dérkmə",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *dérkmə"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "δέργμα"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: δέργμα (dérgma)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: δέργμα (dérgma)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*dérḱ-s ~ *dr̥ḱ-és (“eye”, root noun)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"alt": "*dr̥ḱ-eh₂",
"der": "1",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ *dr̥ḱ-eh₂",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ *dr̥ḱ-eh₂"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*drikā",
"t": "face"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *drikā (“face”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *drikā (“face”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"alt": "*derḱ-o-s",
"der": "1",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ *derḱ-o-s",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ *derḱ-o-s"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*derkos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *derkos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *derkos"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "derc"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: derc\nMiddle Irish: derc\nIrish: dearc, dearca, deirc\nScottish Gaelic: dearc",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: derc\nMiddle Irish: derc\nIrish: dearc, dearca, deirc\nScottish Gaelic: dearc"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"alt": "*dŕ̥ḱ-o-s",
"der": "1",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ *dŕ̥ḱ-o-s",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ *dŕ̥ḱ-o-s"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "δράκος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: δράκος (drákos)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: δράκος (drákos)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*dáḱru",
"alt": "*dr̥ḱ-h₂eḱru",
"der": "1",
"lit": "eye-sharp/bitter",
"nolb": "1",
"pos": "n",
"qq": "compound with <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"ine-pro\">*h₂éḱru</i>",
"t": "tear",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒? *dr̥ḱ-h₂eḱru (“tear”, noun, literally “eye-sharp/bitter”) (compound with *h₂éḱru)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒? *dr̥ḱ-h₂eḱru (“tear”, noun, literally “eye-sharp/bitter”) (compound with *h₂éḱru)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*dérḱ-ti-s ~ *dr̥ḱ-téy-s (> *dŕ̥ḱ-ti-s)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*driktā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *driktā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *driktā"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "dritë"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: dritë",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: dritë"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*dŕ̥štiš"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dŕ̥štiš",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dŕ̥štiš"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*dŕ̥ṣṭiṣ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dŕ̥ṣṭiṣ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dŕ̥ṣṭiṣ"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "दृष्टि",
"tr": "dṛ́ṣṭi"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: दृष्टि (dṛ́ṣṭi)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: दृष्टि (dṛ́ṣṭi) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*dr̥ḱ-tó-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*turhtaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *turhtaz",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *turhtaz (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*turhtōną",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Germanic: *turhtōną",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Germanic: *turhtōną"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "ougozorhtōn"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: ougozorhtōn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: ougozorhtōn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*dr̥štás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dr̥štás",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dr̥štás (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "տեսանեմ"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: տեսանեմ (tesanem)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: տեսանեմ (tesanem)"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/derḱ-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Proto-Indo-European CeRC-shape roots",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European perfective roots",
"Proto-Indo-European roots",
"ine-pro:Vision"
],
"glosses": [
"to see"
],
"links": [
[
"see",
"see"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"perfective",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
]
}
],
"word": "derḱ-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for derḱ- meaning in Proto-Indo-European (12.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-08-20 using wiktextract (8e41825 and f99c758). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.