See bʰrekʷ- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"sense": "to cram, fill completely, stuff",
"word": "farciō"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Italic",
"lang_code": "itc-pro",
"word": "*farkjō"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"roman": "phrássō",
"sense": "to fence",
"word": "φράσσω"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Hellenic",
"lang_code": "grk-pro",
"word": "*pʰrakʷjō"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"sense": "ye-present",
"word": "*bʰr̥kʷ-yé-ti"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"word": "fraxō"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Italic",
"lang_code": "itc-pro",
"sense": "to patrol",
"word": "*fraksō"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰr̥kʷ-s-"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"sense": "occurring at close intervals",
"word": "frequēns"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Italic",
"lang_code": "itc-pro",
"word": "*frekʷents"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰrékʷ-nt-s ~ *bʰr̥kʷ-nt-ós"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "frequēns"
},
"expansion": "Latin frequēns",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "qfa-sub"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Reconstructed with a labiovelar to include Latin frequēns, but due to this unusual root structure, possibly a substrate borrowing.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "*bʰarekʷ-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "*bʰₔrekʷ-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "*bʰerk-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "*bʰrak-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "*bʰreg-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰrekʷ-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to condense"
],
"id": "en-bʰrekʷ--ine-pro-root-a3FlIi6x",
"links": [
[
"condense",
"condense"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 96",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 97",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 86",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European CReC-shaped roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 89",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 97",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to crowd together"
],
"id": "en-bʰrekʷ--ine-pro-root-jPWtT9z1",
"links": [
[
"crowd",
"crowd"
],
[
"together",
"together"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
],
"word": "bʰrekʷ-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-European CReC-shaped roots",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European roots",
"Proto-Indo-European terms borrowed from substrate languages",
"Proto-Indo-European terms derived from substrate languages"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"sense": "to cram, fill completely, stuff",
"word": "farciō"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Italic",
"lang_code": "itc-pro",
"word": "*farkjō"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"roman": "phrássō",
"sense": "to fence",
"word": "φράσσω"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Hellenic",
"lang_code": "grk-pro",
"word": "*pʰrakʷjō"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"sense": "ye-present",
"word": "*bʰr̥kʷ-yé-ti"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"word": "fraxō"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Italic",
"lang_code": "itc-pro",
"sense": "to patrol",
"word": "*fraksō"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰr̥kʷ-s-"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"sense": "occurring at close intervals",
"word": "frequēns"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Italic",
"lang_code": "itc-pro",
"word": "*frekʷents"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰrékʷ-nt-s ~ *bʰr̥kʷ-nt-ós"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "frequēns"
},
"expansion": "Latin frequēns",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "qfa-sub"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Reconstructed with a labiovelar to include Latin frequēns, but due to this unusual root structure, possibly a substrate borrowing.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "*bʰarekʷ-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "*bʰₔrekʷ-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "*bʰerk-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "*bʰrak-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "*bʰreg-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰrekʷ-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to condense"
],
"links": [
[
"condense",
"condense"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to crowd together"
],
"links": [
[
"crowd",
"crowd"
],
[
"together",
"together"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
],
"word": "bʰrekʷ-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for bʰrekʷ- meaning in Proto-Indo-European (2.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-29 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-23 using wiktextract (ffdbfc3 and b9346a0). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.