See bʰérǵʰs in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for bʰérǵʰs meaning in Proto-Indo-European (6.3kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*brixs",
"3": "*brigā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *brixs, *brigā",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *brixs, *brigā (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*burgz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *burgz",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *burgz (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πύργος",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Ancient Greek: πύργος (púrgos)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Ancient Greek: πύργος (púrgos)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*bʰr̥ȷ́ʰás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰr̥ȷ́ʰás",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰr̥ȷ́ʰás"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*br̥jáh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *br̥jáh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *br̥jáh"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬠𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬆𐬨",
"pos": "acc.sg."
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬠𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬆𐬨 (bər^əzəm, acc.sg.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬠𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬆𐬨 (bər^əzəm, acc.sg.), 𐬠𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬋 (bər^əzō, gen.sg.)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lrc",
"2": "برگ",
"t": "mountain,hill",
"tr": "berg"
},
"expansion": "Northern Luri: برگ (berg, “mountain,hill”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Luri: برگ (berg, “mountain,hill”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "os",
"2": "барз",
"tr": "barz"
},
"expansion": "Ossetian: барз (barz)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ossetian: барз (barz)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ce",
"2": "барз",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Chechen: барз (barz)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Chechen: барз (barz)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inh",
"2": "боарз",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Ingush: боарз (boarz)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ingush: боарз (boarz)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰerǵʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*bʰerǵʰ-",
"3": "*s",
"pos2": "root nominal suffix",
"t1": "to rise up, be elevated"
},
"expansion": "*bʰerǵʰ- (“to rise up, be elevated”) + *-s (root nominal suffix)",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *bʰerǵʰ- (“to rise up, be elevated”) + *-s (root nominal suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-noun-mf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰérǵʰs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰérǵʰh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰérǵʰh₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰérǵʰes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰérǵ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰérǵʰh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰérǵʰh₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰérǵʰes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰérǵʰm̥",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰérǵʰh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰérǵʰh₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰérǵʰm̥s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰr̥ǵʰés",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰr̥ǵʰóHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰr̥ǵʰés",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰr̥ǵʰmós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰr̥ǵʰéy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰr̥ǵʰmós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰérǵ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰérǵʰi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰr̥ǵʰsú",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰr̥ǵʰéh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰr̥ǵʰmís",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*bʰérǵʰs f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bʰérǵʰ",
"2": "bʰr̥ǵʰ",
"ac": "amphikinetic"
},
"name": "ine-decl-noun-mf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰérǵʰs",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European terms belonging to the root *bʰerǵʰ-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-s",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"something high up, fortified"
],
"id": "en-bʰérǵʰs-ine-pro-noun-DLXWjCVd",
"links": [
[
"high up",
"high up"
],
[
"fortified",
"fortified"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "bʰérǵʰs"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*brixs",
"3": "*brigā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *brixs, *brigā",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *brixs, *brigā (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*burgz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *burgz",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *burgz (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πύργος",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Ancient Greek: πύργος (púrgos)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Ancient Greek: πύργος (púrgos)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*bʰr̥ȷ́ʰás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰr̥ȷ́ʰás",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰr̥ȷ́ʰás"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*br̥jáh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *br̥jáh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *br̥jáh"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬠𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬆𐬨",
"pos": "acc.sg."
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬠𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬆𐬨 (bər^əzəm, acc.sg.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬠𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬆𐬨 (bər^əzəm, acc.sg.), 𐬠𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬋 (bər^əzō, gen.sg.)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lrc",
"2": "برگ",
"t": "mountain,hill",
"tr": "berg"
},
"expansion": "Northern Luri: برگ (berg, “mountain,hill”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Luri: برگ (berg, “mountain,hill”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "os",
"2": "барз",
"tr": "barz"
},
"expansion": "Ossetian: барз (barz)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ossetian: барз (barz)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ce",
"2": "барз",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Chechen: барз (barz)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Chechen: барз (barz)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inh",
"2": "боарз",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Ingush: боарз (boarz)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ingush: боарз (boarz)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰerǵʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*bʰerǵʰ-",
"3": "*s",
"pos2": "root nominal suffix",
"t1": "to rise up, be elevated"
},
"expansion": "*bʰerǵʰ- (“to rise up, be elevated”) + *-s (root nominal suffix)",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *bʰerǵʰ- (“to rise up, be elevated”) + *-s (root nominal suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-noun-mf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰérǵʰs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰérǵʰh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰérǵʰh₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰérǵʰes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰérǵ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰérǵʰh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰérǵʰh₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰérǵʰes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰérǵʰm̥",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰérǵʰh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰérǵʰh₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰérǵʰm̥s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰr̥ǵʰés",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰr̥ǵʰóHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰr̥ǵʰés",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰr̥ǵʰmós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰr̥ǵʰéy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰr̥ǵʰmós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰérǵ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰérǵʰi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰr̥ǵʰsú",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰr̥ǵʰéh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰr̥ǵʰmís",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*bʰérǵʰs f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bʰérǵʰ",
"2": "bʰr̥ǵʰ",
"ac": "amphikinetic"
},
"name": "ine-decl-noun-mf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰérǵʰs",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Indo-European amphikinetic root nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European feminine nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European terms belonging to the root *bʰerǵʰ-",
"Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-s"
],
"glosses": [
"something high up, fortified"
],
"links": [
[
"high up",
"high up"
],
[
"fortified",
"fortified"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "bʰérǵʰs"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.